http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Kwak, Kyu-Won,Nam, Sung-Hee,Choi, Ji-Young,Lee, Seokhyun,Kim, Hong Geun,Kim, Sung-Hyun,Park, Kwan-Ho,Han, Myung-Sae Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2015 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.30 No.2
Beetles Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis Kolbe (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) and Allomyrina dichotoma Linn. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) are widely used in traditional medicine, and the number of insect-rearing farms is increasing in South Korea. The purpose of this study was to establish a multiplex PCR-based assay for rapid simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens causing insect diseases. Six insect parasites such as fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae), bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaceae), Pseudomonas aeruginosa Migula (Pseudomonadales: Pseudomonadaceae), and Serratia marcescens Bizio (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae), and Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus were chosen based on the severity and incidence rate of insect diseases in South Korea. Pathogen-specific primers were designed and successfully applied for simultaneous detection of multiple infectious agents in farm-bred insects P. b. seulensis and A. dichotoma using multiplex PCR and high resolution capillary electrophoresis. Our results indicate that multiplex PCR is an effective and time-saving method for simultaneous detection of multiple infections in insects, and the QIAxcel capillary electrophoresis system is useful for quantitative evaluation of the individual impact of each infectious agent on the severity of insect disease. The approach designed in this study can be utilized for rapid and accurate diagnostics of infection in insect farms.
A Cooperative Emergency Response System based on the Disaster Response Activity Plan
Sang Kyu Rheem,Keum Ho Oh,Woo Jung Choi,Chang Jae Kwak 위기관리 이론과 실천 2016 Crisisonomy Vol.12 No.4
효과적인 재난대응을 위해서는 모든 부처와 기관이 협력적 재난대응체계를 구축해야 한다. 그러나우리나라의 재난대응체계는 재난의 유형별로 책임기관이 지정되어 있는 조직 중심형 분산관리방식을 채택하고 있다. 이러한 한계점을 개선하고 보다 유기적인 재난대응체계로 개선해 나가기 위해서는 기능 중심형 협력적 재난대응체계로의 개선이 필요하다. 이를 위해 논의하고 보완해야 할 것이재난대응활동계획이다. 재난대응활동계획은 주요한 재난대응활동들을 미리 규정하고 재난관리책임기관에게 명확한 임무와 역할을 부여함으로써, 재난 발생 시 부처 간 업무 분배 및 책임소재 등의갈등을 최소화하여 신속한 대응이 이루어지도록 대비⋅대응하는 것이다. 이를 통해 기능 중심의재난대응역량을 강화하고 조직 간 편 가르기 문화와 책임 회피 등의 부정적인 면을 개선하는데 기여할 것으로 보인다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 조직중심의 재난대응체계를 기능중심의 협력적 재난대응체계로 전환하기 위한 정책대안으로 13개 재난대응활동계획의 활용방안과 그 역할을 제시하고자한다. 이를 위해 우리나라와 미국의 재난대응체계를 조직구성 및 운영체계를 중심으로 비교⋅분석하였다. It is critical to secure a cooperative response system among the departments and agencies in governments for effective disaster response. However, the disaster response system in Korea is departmentalized by disaster types and relevant organizations, and thus needs to be renovated as a function-based response system. We argue that the disaster response activity plan should be the best alternative for securing the cooperative system as it defines the roles and responsibilities for all related organizations and agencies. This plan is expected to facilitate and promote the capability and capacity for cooperative disaster response and recommended as a policy alternative for function-based cooperative disaster response system, based on a comparative analysis of disaster response systems between Korea and the US.
Kwak, Dong-Joo,Moon, Byung-Ho,Lee, Don-Kyu,Park, Cha-Soo,Sung, Youl-Moon The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2011 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.6 No.5
In this study, we investigate the photovoltaic performance of transparent conductive indium tin oxide (ITO), titanium-doped indium oxide (ITiO), and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) films. ITO and ITiO films are prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on soda-lime glass substrate at $300^{\circ}C$, and the FTO film used is a commercial product. We measure the X-ray diffraction patterns, AFM micrographs, transmittance, sheet resistances after heat treatment, and transparent conductive characteristics of each film. The value of electrical resistivity and optical transmittance of the ITiO films was $4.15{\times}10^{-4}\;{\Omega}-cm$. The near-infrared ray transmittance of ITiO is the highest for wavelengths over 1,000 nm, which can increase dye sensitization compared to ITO and FTO. The photoconversion efficiency (${\eta}$) of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) sample using ITiO was 5.64%, whereas it was 2.73% and 6.47% for DSC samples with ITO and FTO, respectively, both at 100 mW/$cm^2$ light intensity.
Kwak, Youn-Sig,Han, Ki-Soo,Lee, Jung-Han,Lee, Kyung-Hee,Chung, Woo-Sik,Mysore, Kirankumar S.,Kwon, Young-Sang,Kim, Hee-Kyu,Bae, Dong-Won The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2009 식물생명공학회지 Vol.36 No.3
The hypersensitive reaction (HR) is the most common plant defense reaction against pathogens. HR is produced during both host- and nonhost-incompatible interactions. Several reports suggest that similarities exist between host and nonhost resistances. We assayed the pattern of generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and scavenging enzyme activities during nonhost pathogen-plant interactions (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris/Capsicum annuum L.) and incompatible host pathogen-plant interactions (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria race1/Capsicum annuum L.). Both ${O_2}^-\;and\;H_2O_2 $ accumulated much faster during nonhost resistance when compared to the host resistance. The scavenging enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) were also different during the host- and nonhost-incompatible interactions. CAT activity was much higher during nonhost resistance, and several new isozymes of SOD and POX were detected during nonhost resistance when compared to the host resistance. Lipoxygenase (LOX) activity was higher in host resistance than nonhost resistance during the early stages of infection. Interestingly, the nitric oxide (NO) radical accumulated equal amounts during both host and nonhost resistance at early stages of infection. Further studies are needed to determine the specific pathways underlying these differences between host and nonhost resistance responses.
Development of energy-saving elevator control panel for the city railway
Sung-Woo Han,Sung-Kyu Kim,Se-Hyeon Kim,Seon-Hak Kwak,Seon-jin Hwang,Jae-Gyu Shim,Gi-Sig Byun 한국도시철도학회 2015 IJAR Vol.3 No.4
When the voltage of the DC output terminals in the regenerative power generated at the time of rise and fall of the elevator exceeds a certain voltage, it converts the excess power into AC power, to conserve electrical energy by supplying the history of urban railways was demonstrated by developing a possible dual converter elevator control panel for city railway.
Sung-Kyu Kwon,Hyuk-Min Kwon,Ho-Young Kwak,Jae-Hyung Jang,Jong-Kwan Shin,Seon-Man Hwang,Seung-Yong Sung,Ga-Won Lee,Song-Jae Lee,In-Shik Han,Yi-Sun Chung,Jung-Hwan Lee,Hi-Deok Lee 대한전자공학회 2013 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.13 No.6
In this paper, the 1/f noise characteristics of n-channel MOSFET (NMOSFET) and p-channel MOSFET (PMOSFET) are analyzed in depth as a function of body bias. The normalized drain current noise, SID/ID <SUP>2</SUP> showed strong dependence on the body bias in the sub-threshold region for both NMOSFET and PMOSFET, and NMOSFET showed stronger dependence than PMOSFET on the body bias. On the contrary, both of NMOSFET and PMOSFET do not exhibit the dependence of SID/ID <SUP>2</SUP> on body bias in strong inversion region, although the noise mechanisms of two MOSFETs are different from each other.
( Kyu Won Kwak ),( Myung Sae Han ),( Sung Hee Nam ),( Ji Young Choi ),( Seok Hyun Lee ),( Hong Geun Kim ),( Kwan Ho Park ) 한국잠사학회 2015 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.30 No.2
To investigate whether Serratia marcescens (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae) isolated from Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis(Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) acts as an opportunistic bacterium in peroral infection, the primary entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) and Paenibacillus popilliae (Eubacteriales: Bacillaceae) were added to sawdust to perform a bioassay experiment. We found that peroral infection caused by S. marcescens could be fatal beyond a concentration of 4 × 108 pfu/mL in 2nd stage P. b. seulensis larvae and at 6 × 108 pfu/mL in 3rd stage P. b. seulensis larvae. In particular, mortality resulting from a combination of P. popilliae and S. marcescens was markedly increased in 2nd stage P. b. seulensis larvae. Therefore, we confirmed that mortality was increased when S. marcescens was infected together with other entomopathogenic bacteria, and that peroral infection itself can be fatal beyond certain concentrations.
Kwak, Kyu-Won,Han, Myung-Sae,Nam, Sung-Hee,Park, Kwan-Ho,Kim, Eun-Sun,Lee, Seokhyun,Song, Myung-Ha,Kim, Wontae,Choi, Ji-Young Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2016 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.33 No.1
Beauveria bassiana is a common fungal pathogen of Protaetia brevitarsis larvae, and although it is less common than Metarhizium anisopliae , the pathogen still poses a great risk to humans and animals that consume infected insects, owing to B. bassiana's production of toxins like beauvericin and mycotoxin. Interestingly, the beneficial microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses antifungal properties. In the present study, we found that S. cerevisiae inhibited the growth of B. bassiana by 97% and that S. cerevisiae failed to harm P. brevitarsis when administered via intracoelomic injection (1×10<sup>7</sup> cfu/mL). In addition, we also found that S. cerevisiae consumption increased the survival time of percutaneously infected P. brevitarsis larvae by 5 d and reduced the mortality of infected larvae by 12%. Therefore, S. cerevisiae is expected to be useful in the prevention and control of B. bassiana in the production of P. brevitarsis larvae.