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Metatranscriptome Analysis of Margalefidinium polykrikoides Harmful Algal Bloom
Sang-Hyeok CHO,Yujin JEONG,Eunju LEE,Sangrak JIN,So-Ra KO,Seung Ho BAEK,Chi-Yong AHN,Hee-Mock OH,Byung-Kwan CHO,Suhyung CHO 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
Harmful algal bloom (HAB) is an abnormal algal outbreak occurring in various aquatic environments, destroying the marine industry and ecosystem and damaging humans through the food web. To control HAB, it is critical to understand both the intracellular changes of the bloom-forming algae and their interactions with the symbiotic organisms. Here, we analyzed the metatranscriptome of the HAB comprising Margalefidinium polykrikoides (formerly Cochlodinium polykrikoides) with other bloom-associated microorganisms. Our comprehensive analysis predicted that M. polykrikoides in the HAB preferred propagation through asexual replication rather than reductive reproduction for fast blooming. In particular, the combined transcriptomic expression patterns of increased transcription, translation, mitosis, and asexual division with the decreased meiotic cell cycle genes such as MEI2 were found. The transcriptome analysis of M. polykrikoides analysis also showed evidence of free ferric species exchange under HAB conditions. Through the metatranscriptome analysis during HABs, we analyzed the bacterial community co-habiting with M. polykrikoides during HAB and further suggested potential roles of bacteria such as mutualistic, opportunistic, or even algicidal interactions. Notably, the abundant bacterial species are responsible for ferric ion exchange with algae. Collectively, our results provide a genetic understanding of the bloom compromising algae and algal-bacterial interactions.
Undercorrection of planovalgus deformity after calcaneal lengthening in patients with cerebral palsy
Cho, Byung Chae,Lee, In Hyeok,Chung, Chin Youb,Sung, Ki Hyuk,Lee, Kyoung Min,Kwon, Soon-Sun,Moon, Seung Jun,Kim, Jaeyoung,Lim, Hyunwoo,Park, Moon Seok Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 2018 Journal of pediatric orthopedics. Part B Vol.27 No.3
Calcaneal lengthening (CL) is one of the treatment options for planovalgus deformity in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). However, its indication still needs to be clarified according to the functional status of CP. The aim of this study was to investigate the radiographic outcome after CL in patients with CP and to evaluate the risk factors causing undercorrection of planovalgus deformities. We included consecutive patients with CP who underwent CL for planovalgus deformity, were followed for more than 2 years, and had preoperative and postoperative weight-bearing anteroposterior (AP) and lateral foot radiographs. Six radiographic indices were used to assess the radiographic outcome. The patient age, sex, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level were evaluated as possible risk factors, and we controlled for the interaction of potentially confounding variables using multivariate analysis. A total of 44 (77 feet) patients were included in this study. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 10.5±4.0 years and the mean follow-up was 5.1±2.2 years. Patients with GMFCS III/IV achieved less correction than those with GMFCS I/II in the AP talus-first metatarsal angle (P=0.001), lateral talocalcaneal angle (P=0.028), and the lateral talus-first metatarsal angle (P<0.001). The rate of undercorrection in the GMFCS III/IV group was 1.6 times higher than that in the GMFCS I/II group in the AP talus-first metatarsal angle (odds ratios: 1.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.2–2.0; P<0.001) and 1.6 times higher in the lateral talus-first metatarsal angle (odds ratios: 1.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.3–1.9; P<0.001). In GMFCS I/II patients with CP, we found CL to be an effective procedure for the correction of planovalgus foot deformities. However, in GMFCS III/IV patients with planovalgus deformities, CL appears to be insufficient on the basis of the high rate of undercorrection in these patients. For patients with GMFCS level III/IV, additional or alternative procedures should be considered to correct the deformity and maintain the correction achieved. Level of evidence: Level III, therapeutic study.
Sung-Ho Yoon,Min Jong Kil,Jun-Hyeok Jeon,Hyun-Mi Kim,Seul-Gi Kim,Jiye Han,Eui-Sung Lee,Youngmo An,Jin Woo Cho,Jihwan An,Jae-Boong Choi,Il Jeon,Hyeongkeun Kim 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.5
A novel rotary-type atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for coating platinum thin film on three-dimensional (3D) substrates is demonstrated. High uniformity and conformability of the platinum thin-film deposition on 3D substrates were confirmed, ensuring the controllability of the new ALD technique. The results for this technique surpassed those of the conventional wet method and ordinary atomic layer deposition, which both have a limited specific surface area. To demonstrate the application of this new technology, Pt nano-film coated γ-Al2O3 was produced using the rotary-type ALD and applied to diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs). The produced DOCs showed high Pt content when the number of ALD cycles was increased, and thereby exhibited more complete combustion of gaseous pollutants, such as CO, C3H8, and NO, even at lower temperatures. Pt nano-film deposition by the rotary-type ALD process was first optimised on Si wafer substrates. The process was controlled by four parameters: processing temperature, number of ALD cycles, precursor pulse time, and reactant pulse time. Deposition of the Pt nano-film was mainly determined by the processing temperature and the number of ALD cycles. The average growth per cycle and density of the Pt nano-film were found to be 0.8 Å/cycle and 21.0 g/cm3, respectively. The same procedure and conditions were applied to 3D γ-Al2O3 powder substrates for DOCs, which demonstrated greater conversion performance compared with conventional Pt-used DOCs.
Cho, Jae Sang,Jang, Woongsik,Mun, Sung Cik,Yi, Minji,Park, Jong Hyeok,Wang, Dong Hwan Elsevier 2018 Carbon Vol.139 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We demonstrated a simple and effective modification of graphene oxide (GO) to enhance the device performance of perovskite photovoltaics. The surface chemistry and morphology of GO was tailored by irradiating aqueous GO solution with <SUP>60</SUP>Co γ-ray. During the irradiation, hydroxyl radicals were believed to be released from water radiolysis and oxidized the surface of pristine GO sheets, supposedly. Furthermore, large GO agglomerates scattered as individual GO sheets with small lateral dimensions, which is advantageous to uniform distribution of GO sheets in PEDOT:PSS layer. PEDOT:PSS layer with γ-ray irradiated GO (γ-GO) facilitated efficient hole transport properties in perovskite solar cells. PEDOT:PSS layer became more hydrophobic by embedding γ-GO after thermal annealing and thus improved the crystallinity of perovskite layer on top of the PEDOT:PSS. Consequently, embedding γ-GO in PEDOT:PSS layer resulted in better electrical properties than PEDOT:PSS layer without GO or with pristine GO. As a result, power conversion efficiency was improved owing to increased charge generation/extraction, and photoluminescence in the perovskite photoactive layer.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Sang-Beom Kim,Jin-Hyeok Lee,Jae-Ouk Ahn,Jae-Hwan Cho 한국자기학회 2015 Journal of Magnetics Vol.20 No.3
The purpose of the study was to identify how isotope and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast media impact on noise to computed tomography (CT) examination. For the study, divide the phantoms to two groups: 1) saline, saline + different kinds of contrast agent without <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc administration; 2) <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc administration: saline, saline + different kinds of contrast agent with <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc administration. CT contrast agent was used for Iopamidol<SUP>®</SUP> and Dotarem. And MRI contrast agent was used for Primovist<SUP>®</SUP> and Gadovist<SUP>®</SUP>. To obtain an image, we used CT scanner. With an obtained image, we set the 1 cm² region of interest in the middle of bottle to measure the noise and CT number. As a result, there was no difference in CT number before and after inserting <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc into all contrast media including Normal Saline. However, when it comes to Noise, there was a difference before and after inserting <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc into every contrast media except MRI contrast media such as Primovist<SUP>®</SUP> and Gadovist<SUP>®</SUP>.
Scoliosis Screening through a Machine Learning Based Gait Analysis Test
Cho, Jae-sung,Cho, Young-Shin,Moon, Sang-Bok,Kim, Mi-Jung,Lee, Hyeok Dong,Lee, Sung Young,Ji, Young-Hoon,Park, Ye-Soo,Han, Chang-Soo,Jang, Seong-Ho Springer-Verlag 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.19 No.12
Basic, HCCbasic : PO-21 ; Increased apolipoprotein E in hepatocellular carcinoma
( Hyeok Choon Kwon ),( Seung Woo Nam ),( Jae Youn Cheong ),( Soon Sun Kim ),( Marie Yeo ),( Dong Kyu Kim ),( Sung Won Cho ) 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant tumors worldwide. The goal of our study was to identify new biomarkers for HCC for early detection and for gaining an improved understanding of hepatocarcinogenesis by performing a comparative proteomic analysis of HCC and adjacent non-tumor tissue. Methods: Pairs of tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissue were obtained from 167 HCC patients after surgical resection at Ajou University Hospital, Korea. We assessed the histopathological features and additional clinical data. Proteomic analysis of tumor and non-tumor tissue revealing differential expression using 2D electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF MS analysis reveals some xenobiotic enzymes and apo E was selected. The associations between the expression of apoE and the clinical and pathological parameters were analyzed using SPSS. Results: One of the xenobiotic enzymes, apoE was significantly increased in tumor tissue compared with surrounding nontumor tissue. Paired T-test showed significant high level of apoE in tumor compared with non-tumor (209.91 vs 87.59, p < .01). Oneway ANOVA revealed that levels of apoE were elevated independently among different Child classes, etiologies, sex and consumption of alcohol. Conclusions: We compared the protein profiles between tumor and non-tumor tissue in HCC patients. This study revealed that apoE was significantly higher in HCC than in non-tumor tissue. The multivariate analysis confirmed apoE was higher in regardless of Child class, etiology, sex and alcohol consumption. ApoE has long been known as plasma lipoproteins responsible for cholesterol transport and metabolism. Plasma apoE is produced mainly in the liver but also in the brain, adrenal glands, kidney, and macrophage and not increased in gene expression and serum level in patients with HCC. Some proteomic studies reports a strong relationship between other cancers and apoE. We suppose that this report add a clue to understand hepatocarcinogenesis from hepatic steatosis to consequently hepatic carcinoma.