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Enzymes involved in fruiting body senescence in L. edodes.
Yuichi Sakamoto,Keiko Nakade,Naotake Konno 한국버섯학회 2010 한국버섯학회지 Vol.8 No.4
Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom) is a very popular edible, cultivated mushroom in Japan. There are post-storage problems with shiitake mushrooms, such as gill browning and cell wall lysis of the fruiting body, which can result in loss of fresh food quality and consequent loss of value. Lentinan is a cell wall component of beta-1, 3-linked-D-glucan with beta-1, 6 branches, which was isolated as an anti-tumor active-substance from L. edodes. Lentinan content decreases following harvest as a result of increased glucanase activity. We isolated one exo-glucanase encoding genes, exg21) and two endo-glucanase encoding gene tlg12) and glu1 from L. edodes. Transcription level of the exg2, tlg1 and glu1 gene increased after harvesting. Enzymes encoded by the genes have lentinan degrading activity, therefore, these genes are involved in lentinan degradation after harvesting. We also identified several cell wall degradation- related enzyme-encoding genes3), such as mixed-linked glucanase (mlg1), chitinases (chi1, chi29), chitin deacetylase (chd1), and chitosanase (cho1). It is revealed that transcriptional levels of these genes increased after harvesting, by real-time PCR. Glucanase and chitinase activity increased following harvest as results of increased transcription of these cell wall degradation-related enzyme-encoding genes. Increase of these cell wall degradation- related enzyme activities would cause cell wall lysis and lentinan degradation during post-harvest preservation. We identified laccase and tyrosinase encoding genes (lcc4 and tyr, respectively) by PCR-subtraction. The lcc4 was a novel laccase-encoding gene in L. edodes. Transcription levels of lcc4 and tyr increased after harvesting, and these genes would be involved in browning of the fruiting body. 1) Sakamoto et al. (2005) Current Genetics, 48: 195-203 2) Sakamoto et al. (2006) Plant Physiology 141: 793-801 3) Sakamoto et al. (2009) Current Genetics 55: 409-423
Shigeyuki Sakamoto,Shigeyuki Sakamoto,Masaaki Shibukawa,Itaru Tani,Shuichi Oki,Kaoru Kurisu 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2016 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.18 No.1
We describe a case of successful open-cell stent deployment across the wide neck of a large middle cerebral artery aneurysm using the stent anchor technique. A microcatheter was looped through the aneurysm and navigated into a distal vessel across the aneurysm neck. Although the loop of the microcatheter in the aneurysm straightened as it was gently withdrawn, the microcatheter again protruded into the aneurysm by open-cell stent navigation. The stent was partially deployed in a vessel distal to the aneurysm neck, withdrawn slowly to straighten the loop of the microcatheter in the aneurysm, and completely deployed across the aneurysm neck. After successful stent deployment, stent-assisted coil embolization was performed without complications. The stent anchor technique was successfully used to deploy an open-cell stent across the aneurysm neck in this case of microcatheter protrusion into the aneurysm during stent navigation.
Sakamoto, Kazuyoshi,Wada, Mitsuyoshi,Min, Byung-Chan Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility 2002 감성과학 Vol.5 No.2
The unique colors of paper, that is, blue, green, red, and yellow were used in the estimation of color from the subjective feeling. The monochrome with unique color or the unique color surrounded with the background color was presented. subject gazed the monochrome or the unique color, which was tailed target rotor. The target and background color were the complementary color each other. The various ratios of the area of gazed color and background were taken. Subject answered the level of subjective feeling consisted of pair of adjective items for unique color presented. With the use of the subjective feeling for the target color presented, the estimation of the unique color was cai\ulcornerlied out due to Fuzzy theory and neural networks. The results of color difference between unique color presented and the estimated color gave very small value for the case without background, while the results of the case with background color depended on the ratio of area of presented color and background color till the ration of 2:1, The relation showed the Kirschman's law, The color difference saturated In the increase of area of background with the ratio more than 2:1.
A Synchronization Method for Synchronous CDMA Systems with GEO Satellites
Sakamoto, Takuya,Umehara, Daisuke,Kawai, Makoto 통신위성우주산업연구회 2001 Joint Conference on Satellite Communications Vol.2001 No.-
High-speed core networks with optical fibers are globally being installed. However, it is very difficult to access these core networks from rural districts such as remote places among mountains and solitary islands. Synchronous CDMA systems with GEO satellite links are very attractive to solve this problem, since such systems have wide service areas and are suitable for packet-based networks due to their statistically multiplexing effect. Furthermore, their statistically multiplexing effect leads to effective frequency and power efficiency. In synchronous CDMA systems, each transmitted signal from a fixed earth station must be controlled to be synchronized with each other. However, the broadband systems require extremely precise timing control. In this paper, we discuss synchronization methods and evaluate their timing accuracy for the broadband systems quantitatively. First, we point out defects of two fixed filter methods and a Kalman filter method. Then, we propose a new synchronization method, which is robust to random noise and trend components. As a result, we conclude that the proposed synchronization method can make it possible to synchronize lGchip/sec CDMA systems with GEO satellites.
Difference in Methylmercury Exposure to Fetus and Breast-feeding Offspring: A Mini-Review
Sakamoto Mineshi,Murata Katsuyuki,Nakai Kunihiko,Satoh Hiroshi Korean Society of Environmental Health 2005 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.31 No.3
The purpose of this paper was to concisely review the practical changes in MeHg concentrations in fetus and offspring throughout gestation and suckling from our recent animal and human studies. In the animal study, adult female rats were given a diet containing 5ug/g Hg (as MeHg) for 8 weeks. Then they were mated and subsequently given the same diet throughout gestation and suckling. On embryonic days 18, 20, 22 and at parturition, the concentrations of Hg in the brains of fetus were approximately 1.5-2.0 times higher than those in the mothers. However, during the suckling period Hg concentrations in the brain rapidly declined to about 1/10 of that during late pregnancy. Hg concentrations in blood also decreased rapidly after birth. In human study, Hg concentrations in red blood cells (RBC-Hg) in 16 pairs of maternal and umbilical cord blood samples were compared at birth and 3 months of age after parturition. RBC-Hg in the umbilical cords was about 1.6 times higher than those in the mothers at parturition. However, all the infants showed declines in Hg concentrations throughout the breast-feeding period. RBC-Hg at 3 months of age was about half that at birth. Both the animal and human studies indicated that MeHg exposure to the fetus might be especially high but it dramatically decreases during the suckling period. Therefore, close attention should be paid to the gestation rather than the breast-feeding period to avoid the risk of MeHg to human infants.
Sakamoto, T.,Troja, E.,Aoki, K.,Guiriec, S.,Im, M.,Leloudas, G.,Malesani, D.,Melandri, A.,de Ugarte Postigo, A.,Urata, Y.,Xu, D.,D'Avanzo, P.,Gorosabel, J.,Jeon, Y.,Sá,nchez-Ramí,rez, R.,A IOP Publishing 2013 The Astrophysical journal Vol.766 No.1
<P>We present our successful Chandra program designed to identify, with subarcsecond accuracy, the X-ray afterglow of the short GRB 111117A, which was discovered by Swift and Fermi. Thanks to our rapid target of opportunity request, Chandra clearly detected the X-ray afterglow, though no optical afterglow was found in deep optical observations. The host galaxy was clearly detected in the optical and near-infrared band, with the best photometric redshift of z = 1.31(-0.23)(+0.46) (90% confidence), making it one of the highest known short gamma-ray burst ( GRB) redshifts. Furthermore, we see an offset of 1.0 +/- 0.2 arcsec, which corresponds to 8.4 +/- 1.7 kpc, between the host and the afterglow position. We discuss the importance of using Chandra for obtaining subarcsecond X-ray localizations of short GRB afterglows to study GRB environments.</P>
Sakamoto, Orie The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.3
Diesel engine generators are widely used in the world, especially in remote site power systems as distributed generators. A weak distribution feeder with a small diesel engine may suffer from voltage and power fluctuations due to misfiring of the engine cylinder. In this study, new generator model with example engine torque was developed for the electromagnetic transient analysis program for power systems named XTAP. The configuration and verification results of the developed model are presented in the paper. The model is considered to be useful for analyses of small power systems with those diesel engines.