KLF4 Expression Correlates with the Degree of Differentiation in Colorectal Cancer

( Ruo Lei Hu ),( Yan Zuo ),( Li Zuo ),( Chao Liu ),( Su Mei Zhang ),( Qiang Wu ),( Qing Zhou ),( Shu Yu Gui ),( Wei Wei ),( Yuan Wang ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2011 Gut and Liver Vol.5 No.2

Background/Aims: Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is an epithelial-specifi c transcription factor primarily expressed in the gastrointestinal tract that mediates growth arrest in the colonic epithelium. We tried to find whether KLF4 expression is associated with the progression and differentiation of colorectal cancer. Methods: We detected KLF4 expression in 109 colorectal specimens (40 normal appearing mucosa, 7 adenomas, and 62 carcinomas) by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray. Western blot and RT-PCR analyses were also performed. Results: The upregulation of KLF4 expression in carcinoma tissue was statistically significant (p<0.05) when compared to normal appearing mucosa. The negative and weak positive staining rates in normal appearing mucosa, adenoma, and carcinoma were 42.5%, 71.4%, and 82.3%, respectively, indicating a decreased degree of KLF4 expression over the course of progressive transformation of normal cells into malignant derivatives. KLF4 protein levels showed no correlation with sex, age, or metastatic state (p>0.05), while KLF4 protein expression correlated with the diagnostic stage (p<0.05). Furthermore, strong KLF4 staining was detected in 22.9% (11/48) and 0% (0/14) of well/moderately and poorly differentiated colorectal cancers, respectively. Our results clearly indicate that KLF4 protein expression signifi cantly correlates with the degree of differentiation in colorectal cancers (p<0.05). KLF4 expression in RKO cells is also upregulated by butyrate, an inducer of differentiation. Conclusions: Downregulation of KLF4 expression may lead to more poorly differentiated tumors. (Gut Liver 2011;5:154-159)

Application of a Q Method Study to Understanding Nurses’ Perspective of Adopting Evidence-Based Nursing

Ruo-Nan Jueng,Shu-He Huang,Tsui-Ping Li,Hui-Yu Liang,Chiu-Mieh Huang 한국간호과학회 2017 Asian Nursing Research Vol.11 No.4

Purpose: This study applied the Q method to identify and describe the various types of nurse perceptions that are crucially associated with their engagement in evidence-based nursing (EBN). Methods: The study participants were nurses at a medical center and a regional teaching hospital. A series of Q sorts was performed by nurses to subjectively rank the Q statements. Q statements were constructed based on the literature related to EBN adoption by nurses and face-to-face interviews. Results: A total of 60 participants were invited to rank 44 Q statements related to EBN. Factor analysis was conducted on the rankings of the Q statements. The following are the five prominent shared perspectives: (1) emphasized the obstacles to evidence searching and reading ability; (2) emphasized the organizational promotive strategies; (3) emphasized the available supportive resources; (4) emphasized the significance of EBN; and (5) emphasized the evidence-searching ability and external incentives. The five identified groups of perspectives can enhance hospital administrators to acknowledge the barriers and incentives associated with EBN practices. Conclusion: The exploration of clustering nurses' perceptions may facilitate the development of customized strategies to enable more appropriate training.

중국 하남성(河南省) 지역 이미지에 관한 연구: 역내 vs 역외 외지인(하남인 외)을 중심으로

조약진 ( Ruo-chen Zhao ),박상수 ( Sang-soo Park ),왕서혜 ( Shu-hui Wang ) 한국외국어대학교 중국연구소 2024 中國硏究 Vol.98 No.-

This study examined the image of Henan people(sincerity, law-abidingness, and education), the image of Henan region(economy, cultural history, and attractiveness), favorability toward Henan, and attachment to Henan in relation to the image of the Henan. In addition, we examined the moderating effect of prejudice against Henan Province, and the differences in path analysis between the two groups, focusing on those who live in Henan Province and those who live in other provinces. The results were as follows. First, all factors except attractiveness have a positive effect on favorability. In addition, all other factors except cultural history and attractiveness have a positive effect on regional attachment. We also find that favorability has a positive effect on regional attachment. Second, in terms of moderating effects of prejudice, we found moderating effects of sincerity, law-abidingness, and education among person image factors, and moderating effects of prejudice between favorability and local attachment. Third, looking at the significance of the path coefficients between groups and the results of the difference analysis for the path coefficients, a total of 8 significance levels were found for the out-of-towners living in Henan Province. On the other hand, only 5 significance levels were found for out-of-towners in other province. To check whether the difference in path coefficient values between the two groups is statistically significant, we conducted an equivalence constraint model test that imposes constraints on each path, and found that the two paths that show statistically significant differences are ‘education→favorability’ and ‘education→ regional attachment’.

Interference Alignment in Multi-user MIMO Systems

Zhang, Yang,Gu, Chaozhi,Shu, Ruo,Zhou, Zheng,Zou, Weixia The Korean Institute of Communications and Informa 2015 ICT Express Vol.1 No.1

Interference alignment (IA) has been studied extensively as an advanced technology to obtain the maximum degree of freedom (DoF) of multi-user wireless communication systems. This letter provides a brief review of recent works on IA. The most effective approach of IA is to deploy optimal linear transceivers by exploiting spatial characteristics of wireless channels. It is evaluated in measured multi-input multi-output (MIMO) interference channels. The implementation of IA depends on the characteristics of channel state information (CSI) feedback to the transmitters, such as imperfect, noisy, localized, delayed nature, and so on. In this work, we present a review of existing techniques for IA in typical multi-user MIMO systems. Moreover, we also consider some future research issues related to implementation. The study covers IA's feasibility conditions, solution algorithms in MIMO interference channel and MIMO multi-cell networks, with emphasis on the CSI feedback technology which remains as the major challenge of IA.

Melatonin inhibits the Migration of Colon Cancer RKO cells by Down-regulating Myosin Light Chain Kinase Expression through Cross-talk with p38 MAPK

Zou, Duo-Bing,Wei, Xiao,Hu, Ruo-Lei,Yang, Xiao-Ping,Zuo, Li,Zhang, Su-Mei,Zhu, Hua-Qing,Zhou, Qing,Gui, Shu-Yu,Wang, Yuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14

Background: Melatonin, which is mainly produced by the pineal gland, has a good inhibitory effect on cell growth of multiple cancer types. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of anti-tumor activity for colon cancer have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of melatonin on migration in human colon cancer RKO cells and the potential molecular mechanisms. Materials and Methods: The viability of RKO cells was investigated by MTT assay after treatment with melatonin, SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, MAPK activator) alone or in combination for 48h. The effects of melatonin, and ML-7, a selective inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), and SB203580, and PMA on the migration of RKO cells were analyzed by in vitro scratch-wound assay. The relative mRNA levels of MLCK was assessed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Western blotting analysis was performed to examine the expression of MLCK, phosphorylation of myosin light chain (pMLC) and p38 (pp38). Results: The proliferation and migration of human colon cancer RKO cells were inhibited significantly after treatment with melatonin. The expression levels of MLCK and phosphorylation of MLC of RKO cells were reduced, and real-time quantitative RT-PCR showed that melatonin had significant effects on suppressing the expression of MLCK. Furthermore, the phosphorylation level of p38, which showed the same trend, was also reduced when cells were treated by melatonin. In addition, ML-7 (25umol/l) could down-regulate the phosphorylation of p38. Conclusions: Melatonin could inhibit the proliferation and migration of RKO cells, and further experiments confirmed that p38 MAPK plays an important role in regulating melatonin-induced migration inhibition through down-regulating the expression and activity of MLCK.

인지심리학 기반 포스터의 은유성 분석 연구 - 세계 자연보호기금(WWF) 동물보호 공익 광고를 중심으로 -

리얜화 ( Li Yan Hua ),쑨뤄슈 ( Sun Ruo Shu ),한문박 ( Han Wen Bo ),왕의난 ( Wang Yi Nan ) 한국상품문화디자인학회 2023 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.72 No.-

공익광고는 인간의 사회활동 중 가장 흔한 공익의 형태로, 시각적인 형식을 통해 올바른 가치관과 행위방식을 사회에 알리는 것으로, 인류가 지구 생태계를 파괴하는 것은 오늘날 인류가 직면해야 할 사회적 문제가 되고 있다. 본문은 세계자연보전기금(WWF)이 홍보하는 은유 공익포스터를 연구하여 공익포스터의 홍보효과에 대한 개선의견을 제시하는 동시에 향후 은유 공익포스터의 디자인 전략을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구에서는 인지심리학의 이론적 개념을 바탕으로 인지과정의 세 가지 인지요소 즉 주의, 기억, 인식을 도출하였다. 세 가지 인지 요소의 개념을 통해 세 가지 시각적 영향 요인, 즉 차별성, 유사성 및 의미 확장을 도출했다. 다음으로 포스터의 네 가지 디자인 요소(이미지, 컬러, 레이아웃, 타입)를 통해 포스터의 인지적 요소와 시각적 요소를 분석한다. 은유의 개념에 따라 포스터의 이미지를 본체와 유체로 나누고 최종적으로 포스터를 분석하기 위한 분석틀을 만든다. 결과로부터 은유 포스터는 식별하기 쉬운 효과가 필요하며 시청자는 포스터 이미지와 은유 이미지를 통해 연상할 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 주의 효과가 있는 포스터는 기억하기 쉬운 효과가 없고 그 반대의 경우도 마찬가지다. 주의 효과는 기억 효과보다 포스터에서 더 일반적으로 사용된다. 시각인식에 영향을 미치는 요인 차원으로 분석해 보면 포스터와 함께 의미 확장되는 특징을 가지고 있기 때문에 시청자들은 포스터 이미지와 은유 이미지를 통해 두 이미지의 의미를 서로 확장시켜 궁극적으로 은유적인 효과를 만들어낸다. 셋째, 은유 포스터의 차별성과 의미 확장은 매우 중요하며 가장 은유적인 포스터를 형성하기 위한 필요한 조건이다. 마지막으로 위의 결론에 따라 은유 포스터의 디자인을 위한 디자인 전략과 제안을 제공한다. Public interest advertising is the most common form of public interest among human social activities, promoting the right values and manner of conduct to the society through visual forms. This study, based on the theoretical concept of cognitive psychology, derived the three cognitive elements of the cognitive process: attention, memory and cognition. Through the concept of three cognitive factors have derived three visual impact factors, namely differentiability, similarity and semantic extension. Next, through the four design elements of the poster, the cognitive elements and visual elements of the poster are analyzed. According to the concept of metaphor, divide the poster’s image into body and body fluid, and finally build an analysis frame to analyze the poster. It can be seen from the results that metaphor posters need an effect that is easy to identify and viewers can associate through poster images and metaphor images. Second, posters with attention effect have no catchy effect and vice versa. The attention effect is more commonly used in posters than the memory effect. Analyzed from the dimension of factors that affect visual perception, it is found that they have the feature of meaning expansion with posters. Therefore, viewers extend the meaning of the two images to each other through poster images and metaphor images, ultimately producing a metaphorical effect. Third, the differentiation and meaning extension of metaphor posters are very important, and are necessary and sufficient conditions to form the most metaphorical posters. Finally it provides design strategies and suggestions for the design of metaphor posters according to the above conclusions.

Circular RNA-ZFR Inhibited Cell Proliferation and Promoted Apoptosis in Gastric Cancer by Sponging miR-130a/miR-107 and Modulating PTEN

Tonglei Liu,Shuang Liu,Yu Xu,Ruo Shu,Feng Wang,Cheng Chen,Yujian Zeng,Huayou Luo 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.4

Purpose This study aimed to probe into the associations among circular RNA ZFR (circ-ZFR), miR- 130a/miR-107, and PTEN, and to investigate the regulatory mechanism of circ-ZFRmiR- 130a/miR-107PTEN axis in gastric cancer (GC). Materials and Methods GSE89143 microarray data used in the study were acquired from publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed circular RNAs in GC tissues. The expressions of circ-ZFR, miR-130a, miR-107, and PTEN were examined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, while PTEN protein expression was measured by western blot. The variation of GC cell proliferation and apoptosis was confirmed by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis. The targeted relationships among circ- ZFR, miR-130a/miR-107, and PTEN were predicted via bioinformatics analysis and demonstrated by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. The impact of ZFR on gastric tumor was further verified in xenograft mice model experiment. Results Circ-ZFR and PTEN were low-expressed whereas miR-107 and miR-130a were highexpressed in GC tissues and cells. There existed targeted relationships and interactions between miR-130a/miR-107 and ZFR/PTEN. Circ-ZFR inhibited GC cell propagation, cell cycle and promoted apoptosis by sponging miR-107/miR-130a, while miR-107/miR-130a promoted GC cell propagation and impeded apoptosis through targeting PTEN. Circ-ZFR inhibited cell proliferation and facilitated apoptosis in GC by sponging miR-130a/miR-107 and modulating PTEN. Circ-ZFR curbed GC tumor growth and affected p53 protein expression in vivo. Conclusion Circ-ZFR restrained GC cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis by sponging miR-130a/miR-107 and regulating PTEN.