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Ahmed Rizwan,Freed Shoaib,Naeem Afifa,Akmal Muhammad 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.3
Outbreaks of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, in Pakistan are considered a very serious threat to the date industry, owing to the sudden death of date palm trees. Current integrated management strategy largely depends on insecticides, with negative impacts on the environment. Integration of bio-control strategies incorporating entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) may provide an ecologically safe alternative. In the current study the effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae Sorokin against R. ferrugineus was investigated using the immersion method and the effects of this fungus on biological parameters of R. ferrugineus were estimated by age-stage, twosex life table software. After treatment with M. anisopliae isolate (Ma-M 2 ), lethal concentration (LC 50 ) 1.2 × 10 6 spores/mL was determined against R. ferrugineus 3rd instar grubs. M. anisopliae infected grubs showed reduced net reproductive rate R o (75.55) and mean generation time T (113.886 days) and intrinsic rate of increase r (0.03797) compared to the untreated group. Also, adult longevity of males and females were significantly reduced in the M. anisopliae-infected group (F 1 ) as compared to the untreated group. Trans-generational studies revealed that grubs stage duration (69.34 days) and fecundity (181.32 eggs) of the M. anisopliae-infected group (F 1 ) were decreased compared to the untreated group. The use of lasting and adverse effects on the biological parameters of R. ferrugineus, indicate that treatment with EPF may provide an eco-friendly management strategy for this pest.
Ahmed Rizwan,Freed Shoaib,Naeem Afifa,Akmal Muhammad 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.2
Outbreaks of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, in Pakistan are considered a very serious threat to the date industry, owing to the sudden death of date palm trees. Current integrated management strategy largely depends on insecticides, with negative impacts on the environment. Integration of bio-control strategies incorporating entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) may provide an ecologically safe alternative. In the current study the effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae Sorokin against R. ferrugineus was investigated using the immersion method and the effects of this fungus on biological parameters of R. ferrugineus were estimated by age-stage, twosex life table software. After treatment with M. anisopliae isolate (Ma-M 2 ), lethal concentration (LC 50 ) 1.2 × 10 6 spores/mL was determined against R. ferrugineus 3rd instar grubs. M. anisopliae infected grubs showed reduced net reproductive rate R o (75.55) and mean generation time T (113.886 days) and intrinsic rate of increase r (0.03797) compared to the untreated group. Also, adult longevity of males and females were significantly reduced in the M. anisopliae-infected group (F 1 ) as compared to the untreated group. Trans-generational studies revealed that grubs stage duration (69.34 days) and fecundity (181.32 eggs) of the M. anisopliae-infected group (F 1 ) were decreased compared to the untreated group. The use of lasting and adverse effects on the biological parameters of R. ferrugineus, indicate that treatment with EPF may provide an eco-friendly management strategy for this pest.
Online Condition Monitoring and Leakage Current Effect Based on Local Area Environment
Rizwan Ahmed,김태용,이윤정,전성호,이준신,최인혁,손주암,구자빈 한국전기전자재료학회 2020 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.21 No.2
High voltage outdoor insulator plays a pivotal role in safety and reliability of power transmission system.Contamination severely infl uences the performance of outdoor insulator. To asses contamination severity on insulator surface and to predict flashovers, leakage current monitoring is required. The amount of leakage current fl owing on the surface of insulator indicates insulation safety. Increase in leakage current generates high voltage peaks at insulator dead ends. The voltage may be as high as 1000–5000 volts, mainly depends on certain weather conditions, results in enormous amount of power losses and threat to public safety. The insulator performance depends on amount and type of pollution and wetting mechanism. Leakage current is important tool to investigate insulator electrical surface activity. The scope of this paper is to review leakage current effect based on local area conditions. Leakage current importance for insulators and different techniques used to measure leakage current in lab and at fi eld, special focus on online leakage current monitoring.
Malik, Rizwan Ahmed,Hussain, Ali,Acosta, Matias,Daniels, John,Han, Hyoung-Su,Kim, Myong-Ho,Lee, Jae-Shin Elsevier 2018 Journal of the European Ceramic Society Vol.38 No.6
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, the relationship between the structural mechanisms and macroscopic electrical properties of the Nb-modified 0.96(Bi<SUB>0.5</SUB>Na<SUB>0.84</SUB>K<SUB>0.16</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB>)–0.04SrTiO<SUB>3</SUB> (BNKT–ST) system were elucidated by using temperature dependent and <I>in situ</I> synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. For the composition <I>x</I> = 0.0175, a large-signal piezoelectric coefficient (<I>S</I> <SUB>max</SUB>/<I>E</I> <SUB>max</SUB> = <I>d</I> <SUB>33</SUB>*) of 735 pm V<SUP>−1</SUP> at 6 kV mm<SUP>−1</SUP> was observed at room temperature. Interestingly, at a higher temperature of 110 °C, the sample still showed a large <I>d</I> <SUB>33</SUB>* of 570 pm V<SUP>−1</SUP>. Furthermore, the temperature-invariant electrostrictive coefficient for this sample was found to be 0.0285 m<SUP>4</SUP> C<SUP>−2</SUP> over the temperature range of 25–170 °C. Moreover, the energy density for <I>x</I> = 0.030 sample was ∼1.0 J cm<SUP>−3</SUP> with an energy storage efficiency of ˃70% in the temperature range of 25–135 °C. These results suggest that the synthesized Nb-modified BNKT–ST system is promising for the design of ceramic actuators as well as capacitor applications.</P>
Malik, Rizwan Ahmed,Hussain, Ali,Maqbool, Adnan,Zaman, Arif,Song, Tae Kwon,Kim, Won Jeong,Kim, Myong Ho Materials Research Society of Korea 2015 한국재료학회지 Vol.25 No.6
New lead-free piezoelectric ceramics $0.96[\{Bi_{0.5}(Na_{0.84}K_{0.16})_{0.5}\}_{1-x}La_x(Ti_{1-y}Nb_y)O_3]-0.04SrTiO_3$ (BNKT-ST-LN, where $x=y=0.00{\leq}(x=y){\leq}0.015)$ were synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction method. Their crystal structure, microstructure, and electrical properties were investigated as a function of the La and Nb (LN) content. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the formation of a single-phase perovskite structure for all the LN-modified BNKT-ST ceramics in this study. The temperature dependence of the dielectric curves showed that the maximum dielectric constant temperature ($T_m$) shifted towards lower temperatures and the curves became more diffuse with an increasing LN content. At the optimum composition (LN 0.005), a maximum value of remnant polarization ($33C/cm^2$) with a relatively low coercive field (22 kV/cm) and high piezoelectric constant (215 pC/N) was observed. These results indicate that the LN co-modified BNKT-ST ceramic system is a promising candidate for lead-free piezoelectric materials.
Malik, Rizwan Ahmed,Zaman, Arif,Hussain, Ali,Maqbool, Adnan,Song, Tae Kwon,Kim, Won-Jeong,Sung, Yeon Soo,Kim, Myong-Ho Elsevier 2018 Journal of the European Ceramic Society Vol.38 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Lead free piezoelectric ceramics (1–<I>x</I>) (0.67Bi<SUB>1.05</SUB>FeO<SUB>3</SUB>–0.33BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB>)–<I>x</I>LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> with <I>x</I> =0.00, 0.015 and 0.030 were prepared by using conventional mixed oxide route. The incorporation of LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> into BF–BT system caused no significant change in crystal structure. However, an obvious variation in electrical properties was observed. The <I>x</I> =0.015 composition showed enhanced ferroelectric and electric field-induced strain properties with dynamic piezoelectric constant <I>S</I> <SUB>max</SUB>/<I>E</I> <SUB>max</SUB> =440 pm/V at a relatively low field of 40kV/cm, along with a high working temperature upto <I>T</I> <SUB>m</SUB> =392°C. LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> addition improved the temperature insensitivity of relative permittivity (ε<SUB>r</SUB>) at high temperatures. At <I>x</I> =0.030, a near-plateau ε<SUB>r</SUB> ∼5000, extended across the temperature range, 200°C–500°C was observed which is advantageous for temperature insensitive dielectric ceramics for high temperature capacitor applications. Large strain and almost temperature invariant ε<SUB>r</SUB> with high working temperature range makes this system suitable for high temperature electronic devices.</P>
Fall Detection System for the Elderly Based on the Classification of Shimmer Sensor Prototype Data
Moiz Ahmed,Nadeem Mehmood,Adnan Nadeem,Amir Mehmood,Kashif Rizwan 대한의료정보학회 2017 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.23 No.3
Objectives: Falling in the elderly is considered a major cause of death. In recent years, ambient and wireless sensor platforms have been extensively used in developed countries for the detection of falls in the elderly. However, we believe extra efforts are required to address this issue in developing countries, such as Pakistan, where most deaths due to falls are not even reported. Considering this, in this paper, we propose a fall detection system prototype that s based on the classification on real time shimmer sensor data. Methods: We first developed a data set, ‘SMotion’ of certain postures that could lead to falls in the elderly by using a body area network of Shimmer sensors and categorized the items in this data set into age and weight groups. We developed a feature selection and classification system using three classifiers, namely, support vector machine (SVM), Knearest neighbor (KNN), and neural network (NN). Finally, a prototype was fabricated to generate alerts to caregivers, health experts, or emergency services in case of fall. Results: To evaluate the proposed system, SVM, KNN, and NN were used. The results of this study identified KNN as the most accurate classifier with maximum accuracy of 96% for age groups and 93% for weight groups. Conclusions: In this paper, a classification-based fall detection system is proposed. For this purpose, the SMotion data set was developed and categorized into two groups (age and weight groups). The proposed fall detection system for the elderly is implemented through a body area sensor network using third-generation sensors. The evaluation results demonstrate the reasonable performance of the proposed fall detection prototype system in the tested scenarios.
Muhammad Rizwan Maqsood,Muhammad Hanif,Muhammad Rafiq,Muhammad Saleem,Sumera Zaib,Aftab Ahmed Khan,Mazhar Iqbal,Jamshed Iqbal,Nasim Hasan Rama,서승염,Ki-Hwan Lee 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.12
The target compounds 6-11a-e were synthesized by condensing 4-amino-5-aryl-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones 5a-f with various aromatic carboxylic acids in the presence of phosphorous oxychloride. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental analysis and mass spectrometric studies. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity. Almost all the tested compounds were potent against four different strains of bacteria when compared with that of reference drug ciprofloxacin. Compounds 6c, 6e, 8d, 9b, 9e, 11a and 11b showed nearly equal or lower MIC values than standard drug, against all four tested bacterial strains but rest of the compounds showed excellent antibacterial activities.