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글라이딩 아크플라즈마 개질기에서 하수 슬러지 타르 중 벤젠의 분해
김록호 ( Rhok Ho Kim ),백원석 ( Won Suk Baek ),전영남 ( Young Nam Chun ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2011 공학기술논문지 Vol.4 No.3
Thermal decomposition/gasification technology utilizes an energy conversion technique from various waste resources, such as biomass, solid waste, sewage sludge, etc for generating syngas. However, during the process of thermal decomposition of gases tar might cause the damage and create operating problem. In this study, a gliding arc plasma reformer was developed to solve the previously acknowledged issues. In addition, the experiments were conducted to authenticate the optimal operating conditions on the variables that can affect the removal efficiency. The optimal operating condition are 2 of Steam/ Carbon ratio for steam input amount, 0.98 kWhn-3 of SEI for specific energy input, 14 L/min of a total gas amount, 3.6% of initial benzene concentration, 300℃ of input temperature, 1.5 mm of nozzle diameter, 3 mm of electrode gap distance and 95 mm of electrode length. In this case, the maximum benzene decomposition efficiency and energy efficiency are about 95% and up to 120 g/kWh, respectively.
하수슬러지 건조를 위한 로터리킬른 건조로의 내부 열유동에 관한 수치해석 연구
김승호 ( Seung Ho Kim ),김록호 ( Rhok Ho Kim ),전영남 ( Young Nam Chun ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2011 공학기술논문지 Vol.4 No.3
The drying process is one of the way to manage sewage sludge that ha low organic matter content and high percentage of moisture content. In order to achieve the efficiency of drying process, the suitable dryer should be used. In this study, an effort was made to develop the suitable rotary kiln dryer for sewage sludge. Numerical simulation of the thermal fluid flow was conducted in the dryer to dry the sewage sludge. It was also conducted in the various operation flexible conditions. The result shows that temperature distributed evenly in the rotary kiln dryer. The influence of heat-fluid flow on the surface of the wall had long resistence time. The long resistence has time increased the efficiency of drying process because heat contacted with sewage sludge more frequently. It must be noted that the deflector and the cylinder core stimulated heat rotation. The velocity of combustion gas had impact on the efficiency of drying process, as the Iow velocity slowed down the heat rotation ultimately hindering the drying process. This might suggest that when the velocity was 2 m/s, the efficiency of drying process increased significantly. However, resistence time is short and panicle matter is scattering. which is uneconomical. It was found that when the temperature of combustion gas was 600℃ the temperature distribution around the main drying zone a ranged from 3800 to 450" indicating the most suitable temperature to perform the drying process for bound water surface.
The Analysis of Correlation between BVOCs and Ozone at Taehwa Research Forest
Kim, Dan-Bi,Lee, Sang-Deok,Lee, Seung-Ha,Kim, Rhok-Ho,Lee, Yeong-Jae,Chae, Hee-Mun Institute of Forest Science 2018 Journal of Forest Science Vol.34 No.2
Ozone absorbs ultraviolet light which is harmful to life. However, the recent increase of ambient ozone level due to climate change is becoming the cause of stimulating human eyes, affecting respiratory system, and damaging crops. In this paper, a study was conducted at the Taehwa Research Forest (TRF) of Seoul National University with the purpose of analyzing the characteristics of forest air chemistry based on the measurement of BVOCs emitted from forests and investigating the correlation of BVOCs with ozone generation. The results showed that levels of isoprene and MVK (Methyl Vinyl Keton)+MACR (Methacrolein) were high in summer, but level of monoterpene was high in spring. Ozone level was high from the middle of May to the middle of June, which was before the rainy season. Comparison of the correlation between ozone and isoprene during the measurement period at the TRF showing limited NOx showed that the $R^2$ was correlated with a low value of about 0.4. However, when the isoprene was actively produced from 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM, correlation analysis showed that $R^2$ was about 0.9, while monoterpene started to increase in the afternoon, and decreased level of ozone at night. Correlation analysis showed negative correlation. Forests have two characteristics: not only the formation of ozone but also the decomposition of ozone.
The Analysis of Correlation between BVOCs and Ozone at Taehwa Research Forest
Dan-Bi Kim,이상덕,Seung-Ha Lee,Rhok-Ho Kim,Yeong-Jae Lee,채희문 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2018 Journal of Forest Science Vol.34 No.2
Ozone absorbs ultraviolet light which is harmful to life. However, the recent increase of ambient ozone level due to climate change is becoming the cause of stimulating human eyes, affecting respiratory system, and damaging crops. In this paper, a study was conducted at the Taehwa Research Forest (TRF) of Seoul National University with the purpose of analyzing the characteristics of forest air chemistry based on the measurement of BVOCs emitted from forests and investigating the correlation of BVOCs with ozone generation. The results showed that levels of isoprene and MVK (Methyl Vinyl Keton)+MACR (Methacrolein) were high in summer, but level of monoterpene was high in spring. Ozone level was high from the middle of May to the middle of June, which was before the rainy season. Comparison of the correlation between ozone and isoprene during the measurement period at the TRF showing limited NOx showed that the R2 was correlated with a low value of about 0.4. However, when the isoprene was actively produced from 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM, correlation analysis showed that R2 was about 0.9, while monoterpene started to increase in the afternoon, and decreased level of ozone at night. Correlation analysis showed negative correlation. Forests have two characteristics: not only the formation of ozone but also the decomposition of ozone.
Lee, Seung-Ha,Lee, Sang-Deok,Kim, Dan-Bi,Kim, Rhok-Ho,Lee, Sang-Bo Institute of Forest Science 2018 Journal of Forest Science Vol.34 No.1
Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) mass concentrations in PM2.5 were measured from March through October 2015 in Taehwa Research Forest (TRF). The concentration of carbon in the TRF was $3.4{\mu}g/m^3$ and the concentration of EC was $1.4{\mu}g/m^3$. Also the concentration of $OC_{sec}$ was the highest at $2.84{\mu}g/m^3$ in the summer and the lowest at 1.66 in the spring. The ratio of the secondary generation OC in the total OC was the highest at 62% in the summer. Monthly OC concentration was the lowest at $2.38{\mu}g/m^3$ in April and the highest at $6.60{\mu}g/m^3$ in July. In case of EC concentration was the lowest in April ($0.98{\mu}g/m^3$) and the highest in July ($3.41{\mu}g/m^3$). The OC/EC ratio showed the lowest ratio in March and the highest rate in September. It is suggested that the secondary generation reaction of OC component was active due to sufficient irradiation amount in summer.
Hyung-Do Song,Hee-Chul Lee,Chun-Kyoung Kwon,Rhok-Ho Kim,Sang-Kyun Kim,Jae-Bum Lee 한국대기환경학회 2012 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.6 No.1
To identify the primary factor affected the decreased PM10 concentration in Seoul which is the capital city of Korea, wind speed and emissions in 2003 and 2004were analyzed. The level of air pollution is intense in Seoul and continually increased since the late 1990s. However the concentration of PM10 has been greatly declined recently. In particular, the concentration of PM10 decreased 14% in 2003 and 2004 excluding the Asian dust periods. It is suggested that the major factors for the decrease are differences in wind speed between the two years and the period of constant breeze. In 2003, intense Asian dust events happened frequently and it increased the concentration of total PM10. The intense dust events were influence by the speed and duration of the wind. It is considered that the meteorological condition was the primary drive for the change of the concentration of PM10. The decreased emissions seem to be the additional factor for the change in the concentration of PM10.
Seung-Ha Lee,Sang-Deok Lee,Dan-Bi Kim,Rhok-Ho Kim,Sang-Bo Lee 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2018 Journal of Forest Science Vol.34 No.1
Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) mass concentrations in PM2.5 were measured from March through October 2015 in Taehwa Research Forest (TRF). The concentration of carbon in the TRF was 3.4 g/m3 and the concentration of EC was 1.4 g/m3. Also the concentration of OCsec was the highest at 2.84 g/m3 in the summer and the lowest at 1.66 in the spring. The ratio of the secondary generation OC in the total OC was the highest at 62% in the summer. Monthly OC concentration was the lowest at 2.38 g/m3 in April and the highest at 6.60 g/m3 in July. In case of EC concentration was the lowest in April (0.98 g/m3) and the highest in July (3.41 g/m3). The OC/EC ratio showed the lowest ratio in March and the highest rate in September. It is suggested that the secondary generation reaction of OC component was active due to sufficient irradiation amount in summer.