소아에서 성장호르몬 대사 효과

이영준 ( Young Jun Rhie ) 대한비만학회 2015 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.24 No.2

1980년대에 인간 재조합 성장호르몬이 생산되면서 성장호르몬이대사 효과에 대하여 많은 연구가 이루어졌다. 성장호르몬은 당불내성을 초래하는 diabetogenic action을 보이고 있다. 성장호르몬 투여가 당뇨 발생 위험을 증가시킨다는 증거는 없으나 성장호르몬 투여 시정기적인 당화혈색소, 혈당, 인슐린 검사를 실시해야 한다. 성장호르몬은 항인슐린 작용과 지방분해작용을 하여 유리지방산과 글리세롤을 증가시키고 지방 형성을 억제시킨다. 특히 복부 지방을 분해시키고 말초로 지방을 재분배시킨다. 성장호르몬은 IGF-1을 매개로 아미노산 섭취를 증가시키고 mRNA의 전사 해독을 직접적으로 향상시켜 단백 합성을 증가시키고, 단백 분해를 억제시켜 positive nitrogen balance를이룬다. 성장호르몬은 원위 신원의 Na+K+ATPase 활동을 증 가시키고 레닌-안지오텐신-알도스테론 축을 활성화 시키고 ANP 수용체 하향 조절을 통해서 수분 및 나트륨 저류 효과를 나타낸다. 성장호르몬 투여에 의한 임상적으로 의미있는 metabolic side-effect가 나타나지는 않았지만, long-acting 성장호르몬이나 성장호르몬 용량을 현저하게 증가시켰을 때의 metabolic side-effects는 보다 더 연구되어야 한다. 성장호르몬 치료가 소아에서 좋은 안전성을 확보하고 있지만 지속적이고 면밀한 감시가 필요하다. Ever since recombinant human growth hormones (GH) were produced in the 1980s, many studies on their metabolic effects have been performed. GH has been shown to have a diabetogenic action resulting in glucose intolerance. Even though there is no evidence that GH increases the risk of diabetes, HbA1c, glucose, insulin tests should be carried out during GH treatment. GH increases free fatty acids and glycerol, and inhibits fat formation. Moreover, GH degrades abdominal fat and redistributes it to peripheral areas. GH increases amino acid intake via IGF1, increases protein synthesis by directly enhancing the translation of the transcription mRNA, and inhibits protein degradation to form a positive nitrogen balance. GH produces sodium and water retention effects through the activation of Na+ K+ ATPase in distal nephron and renin-angiotensin- aldosterone axes and ANP receptor down-regulation. Metabolic side-effects with clinical significance due to GH treatment do not occur, however such side-effects of long-acting or high-dose GH treatment should be investigated. GH treatment can be used safely in children, yet it requires continuous and vigilant monitoring.

One-stage nipple and breast reconstruction using a deep inferior epigastric perforator flap after a skin-sparing mastectomy

Cho, Hyun Jun,Kwon, Hyo Jeong,Moon, Suk-Ho,Jun, Young Joon,Rhie, Jong Won,Oh, Deuk Young Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2020 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.47 No.1

Background Nipple reconstruction is usually performed as a delayed procedure in patients with breast cancer who undergo skin-sparing mastectomy and breast reconstruction surgery using a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. The authors designed this study to evaluate the utility of breast reconstruction based on a DIEP flap and immediate nipple reconstruction. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of all patients who underwent breast reconstruction performed by a single plastic surgeon from October 2016 to June 2018. Through a questionnaire and chart review, we compared surgical results and complications in cases of single-stage nipple reconstruction after skin-sparing mastectomy (n=17) with patients who underwent delayed nipple reconstruction after skin-sparing mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy, or simple mastectomy (n=7). Results In a subjective analysis using clinical photos, the immediate nipple reconstruction group had higher scores than their counterparts in an evaluation of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) (NAC placement, 3.34 vs. 3.04; nipple projection, 3.05 vs. 3.03; nipple size, 3.30 vs. 3.29). No significant differences between the groups were found in terms of complications. Conclusions Simultaneous nipple reconstruction is a reliable surgical method with economic advantages. No differences were found in terms of outcomes and complications in comparison to delayed reconstruction. Therefore, surgeons can consider simultaneous nipple reconstruction without particular concerns about asymmetry or necrosis.

Electrophysiological and Morphological Classification of Inhibitory Interneurons in Layer II/III of the Rat Visual Cortex

Rhie, Duck-Joo,Kang, Ho-Young,Ryu, Gyeong-Ryul,Kim, Myung-Jun,Yoon, Shin-Hee,Hahn, Sang-June,Min, Do-Sik,Jo, Yang-Hyeok,Kim, Myung-Suk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2003 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.7 No.6

Interneuron diversity is one of the key factors to hinder understanding the mechanism of cortical neural network functions even with their important roles. We characterized inhibitory interneurons in layer II/III of the rat primary visual cortex, using patch-clamp recording and confocal reconstruction, and classified inhibitory interneurons into fast spiking (FS), late spiking (LS), burst spiking (BS), and regular spiking non-pyramidal (RSNP) neurons according to their electrophysiological characteristics. Global parameters to identify inhibitory interneurons were resting membrane potential (>-70 mV) and action potential (AP) width (<0.9 msec at half amplitude). FS could be differentiated from LS, based on smaller amplitude of the AP (<∼50 mV) and shorter peak-to-trough time (P-T time) of the afterhyperpolarization (<4 msec). In addition to the shorter AP width, RSNP had the higher input resistance (>200 $M{Omega}$) and the shorter P-T time (<20 msec) than those of regular spiking pyramidal neurons. Confocal reconstruction of recorded cells revealed characteristic morphology of each subtype of inhibitory interneurons. Thus, our results provide at least four subtypes of inhibitory interneurons in layer II/III of the rat primary visual cortex and a classification scheme of inhibitory interneurons.

Beneficial effect of hydrophilized porous polymer scaffolds in tissue-engineered cartilage formation

Ju, Young Min,Park, Kwideok,Son, Jun Sik,Kim, Jae-Jin,Rhie, Jong-Won,Han, Dong Keun Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Vol. No.

<P>Three dimensional (3D) porous poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds were fabricated using a modified gas foaming method whose effervescent porogens were a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid. To improve chondrocyte adhesion, the scaffolds were then hydrophilized through oxygen plasma treatment and in situ graft polymerization of acrylic acid (AA). When the physical properties of AA-grafted scaffolds were examined, the porosity and pore size were 87 ∼ 93% and 100 ∼ 300 μm, respectively. The pore sizes were highly dependent on the varying ratios (w/w) between porogen and polymer solution. Influenced by their pore sizes, the compressive moduli of scaffolds significantly decreased with increasing pore size. The altered surface characteristics were clearly reflected in the reduced water contact angles that meant a significant hydrophilization with the modified polymer surface. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometer (ToF-SIMS) also confirmed the altered surface chemistry. When chondrocytes were seeded onto the AA-grafted PLLA scaffolds, cell adhesion and proliferation were substantially improved as compared to the unmodified scaffolds. The benefit of the modified scaffolds was clear in the gene expressions of collagen type II that was significantly upregulated after 4-week culture. Safranin-O staining also identified greater glycosaminoglycan (GAG) deposition in the modified scaffold. The AA-grafted porous polymer scaffolds were effective for cell adhesion and differentiation, making them a suitable platform for tissue-engineered cartilage. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008</P>

A Vanadium Dioxide Metamaterial Disengaged from Insulator-to-Metal Transition

Jeong, Young-Gyun,Han, Sanghoon,Rhie, Jiyeah,Kyoung, Ji-Soo,Choi, Jae-Wook,Park, Namkyoo,Hong, Seunghun,Kim, Bong-Jun,Kim, Hyun-Tak,Kim, Dai-Sik American Chemical Society 2015 Nano letters Vol.15 No.10

<P>We report that vanadium dioxide films patterned with λ/100000 nanogaps exhibit an anomalous transition behavior at millimeter wavelengths. Most of the hybrid structure’s switching actions occur well below the insulator to metal transition temperature, starting from 25 °C, so that the hysteresis curves completely separate themselves from their bare film counterparts. It is found that thermally excited intrinsic carriers are responsible for this behavior by introducing enough loss in the context of the radically modified electromagnetic environment in the vicinity of the nanogaps. This phenomenon newly extends the versatility of insulator to metal transition devices to encompass their semiconductor properties.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2015/nalefd.2015.15.issue-10/acs.nanolett.5b02361/production/images/medium/nl-2015-02361k_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl5b02361'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Genetic Characterization of Clostridium botulinum Isolated from the First Case of Infant Botulism in Korea

Jeon Jun Ho,Choi Chi-Hwan,Kim Jeong Hyun,Hyun Junghee,Choi Eun-Sun,Choi Sang-Yoon,Shin Yong-Woo,Pyo Seong Wook,Kim Dae-Won,Kang Byung Hak,Park Young Joon,Rhie Gi-eun 대한진단검사의학회 2021 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.41 No.5

Botulism is a neuroparalytic disease caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum. This study aimed to genetically characterize C. botulinum strain isolated from the first case of infant botulism in Korea reported on June 17, 2019. We isolated C. botulinum strain CB-27 from a stool sample of the patient and analyzed the toxin types and toxin gene cluster compositions of the strain using a mouse bioassay, real-time PCR, and genome sequencing. Toxin gene cluster analysis showed that strain CB-27 possesses a C. botulinum neurotoxin type A harboring an unexpressed B gene. Although the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of toxin genes as well as the toxin gene cluster arrangements in strain CB-27 were identical to those of the known strain CDC_69094, the total nucleotide sequences of the toxin gene clusters of CB-27 differed from those of CDC_69094 by 0.47%, indicating genetic diversity of toxin gene clusters of CB-27 among other previously reported C. botulinum strains. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a C. botulinum strain with two separate toxin gene clusters in Korea.

설계단계의 패키지형 수소충전소 HAZOP 분석 연구

최영은(Young-Eun Choi),이광원(Kwang-won Rhie),정세광(Se-Kwang Chung),김현우(Hyun-Woo Kim),김진준(Jin-Jun Kim),김태훈(Tae-Hun Kim),서두현(Doo-Hyoun Seo),강승규(Seung-Kyu Kang) 한국가스학회 2017 한국가스학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

Electrophysiological and Morphological Classification of Inhibitory Interneurons in Layer II/III of the Rat Visual Cortex

Duck-Joo Rhie,Ho Young Kang,Gyeong Ryul Ryu,Myung-Jun Kim,Shin Hee Yoon,Sang June Hahn,Do Sik Min,Yang-Hyeok Jo,Myung-Suk Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2003 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.13 No.4

Interneuron diversity is one of the key factors to hinder understanding the mechanism of cortical neural network functions even with their important roles. We characterized inhibitory interneurons in layer II/III of the rat primary visual cortex, using patch-clamp recording and confocal reconstruction, and classified inhibitory interneurons into fast spiking (FS), late spiking (LS), burst spiking (BS), and regular spiking non-pyramidal (RSNP) neurons according to their electrophysiological characteristics. Global parameters to identify inhibitory interneurons were resting membrane potential (<FONT FACE= 바탕 >>⁣70 mV) and action potential (AP) width (<FONT FACE= 바탕 ><0.9 msec at half amplitude). FS could be differentiated from LS, based on smaller amplitude of the AP (<FONT FACE= 바탕 ><∼50 mV) and shorter peak-to-trough time (P-T time) of the afterhyperpolarization (<FONT FACE= 바탕 ><4 msec). In addition to the shorter AP width, RSNP had the higher input resistance (<FONT FACE= 바탕 >>200 M<FONT FACE= 바탕 >Ω) and the shorter P-T time (<FONT FACE= 바탕 ><20 msec) than those of regular spiking pyramidal neurons. Confocal reconstruction of recorded cells revealed characteristic morphology of each subtype of inhibitory interneurons. Thus, our results provide at least four subtypes of inhibitory interneurons in layer II/III of the rat primary visual cortex and a classification scheme of inhibitory interneurons.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of magnetic tunnel junctions

Lee, Hyeon-Jun,Jeong, Se-Young,Cho, Chae Ryong,Lee, J. H.,Joo, S. J.,Shin, K. H.,Lee, B. C.,Kim, Tae-Suk,Park, J.-H.,Kang, J.-S.,Rhie, K. American Institute of Physics 2005 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS - Vol.97 No.3

Altered Secretory Pattern of Pancreatic Enzymes and Gastrointestinal Hormones in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Kim, Myung-Jun,Ryu, Gyeong-Ryul,Yi, Sae-Young,Min, Do-Sik,Rhie, Duck-Joo,Yoon, Shin-Hee,Hahn, Sang-June,Kim, Myung-Suk,Jo, Yang-Hyeok The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2002 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.6 No.6

This study was performed to investigate the pancreatic exocrine dysfunction in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Changes in pancreatic enzymes secretion and in pancreatic enzymes content were observed. The output and the tissue content of amylase were significantly reduced in diabetic rats, while the output and the content of lipase were increased. Plasma secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK) concentrations of diabetic rats were significantly increased compared to those of normal rats. The altered pancreatic exocrine function was abolished by the exogenous insulin administration. The exogenous insulin also restored the increased plasma secretin and CCK concentrations. From the above results, it is suggested that, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, anticoordinated changes in pancreatic enzymes secretion as well as pancreatic enzymes content are attributable to insulin deficiency and that the insulin deficiency is responsible for the increased plasma concentrations of both secretin and CCK. However, it is not clear whether the elevated plasma secretin and CCK concentrations played a direct role in changes of pancreatic exocrine function.