Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of a polyherbal formulation (PHFAROGH)

M Mohan,VS Gulecha,VM Aurangabadkar,R Balaraman,S Thirugnanasampathan,A Austin 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2009 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.9 No.3

The effect of arogh, a polyherbal formulation-PHF [each 3 g powder contained Nelumbo nucifera G. (0.24 g), Hemidesmus indicus R. (0.24 g), Zingiber officinale R. (0.24 g), Terminalia chebula R. (0.24 g), Quercus infectoria O. (0.12 g), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (0.24 g), Rosa damascene M.(0.24 g), Eclipta alba H.(0.24 g), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (0.24 g)] was investigated in various experimental models of pain and inflammation. Analgesic activity of PHF was studied in mice using acetic acid induced writhing, tail immersion and hot plate methods. Anti-inflammatory activity of PHF was studied in rats using carrageenan induced hind paw edema and formalin induced rat paw edema methods. PHF significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the number of writhings, increased latency to flick tail in tail immersion method and elevated the mean basal reaction time in hot plate method. PHF significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited carrageenan induced hind paw edema and formalin induced rat paw edema. The PHF was tested at dose of 30, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg. The effect of arogh, a polyherbal formulation-PHF [each 3 g powder contained Nelumbo nucifera G. (0.24 g), Hemidesmus indicus R. (0.24 g), Zingiber officinale R. (0.24 g), Terminalia chebula R. (0.24 g), Quercus infectoria O. (0.12 g), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (0.24 g), Rosa damascene M.(0.24 g), Eclipta alba H.(0.24 g), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (0.24 g)] was investigated in various experimental models of pain and inflammation. Analgesic activity of PHF was studied in mice using acetic acid induced writhing, tail immersion and hot plate methods. Anti-inflammatory activity of PHF was studied in rats using carrageenan induced hind paw edema and formalin induced rat paw edema methods. PHF significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the number of writhings, increased latency to flick tail in tail immersion method and elevated the mean basal reaction time in hot plate method. PHF significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited carrageenan induced hind paw edema and formalin induced rat paw edema. The PHF was tested at dose of 30, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg.

Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Doe

Singh, N.S.,Gawande, P.G.,Mishra, O.P.,Nema, R.K.,Mishra, U.K.,Singh, Mohan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.6

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography in early pregnancy diagnosis in goats. Ultrasonographic scanning with real time B-mode ultrasound machine having 5 MHz linear array transducer was performed on gravid uterus (n=24) obtained from slaughterhouse (Group I). Crown rump length (CRL) measured by ultrasound was found significantly different (p<0.05) with actual CRL measured after dissection in early pregnancy. However, age predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of CRL was found highly correlated (r=0.92) with age measured after dissection through CRL and the weight of fetus. Ages predicted by ultrasound through the measurement of trunk diameter (TD) and uterine diameter (UD) and ages measured after dissection were found highly and equally correlated (r=0.98) and did not differ significantly. Data from six does synchronized (Group II) with PGF2$\alpha$ (Estrumate) at 11 days apart were collected through ultrasound from 17 to 42 days post breding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age was high (r=0.97) in day 30 to 42 post breeding. A high coefficient of correlation (r=0.98) was also observed between predicated age by ultrasound and actual age calculated after kidding. The correlation between CRL and gestational age by the formula Y=(a+bX) i.e. Y=24.42+0.39 X where Y=gestational age and X=CRL, was recorded very high (r=0.99). Accuracy of ultrasonography was lowest on day 17 to 19 (66%) and reached 100% on day 34. Data from 30 does (group III) randomly subjected to only one time ultrasounds scanning to assess the accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis were also obtained. Ages predicted by TD and UD measurements were observed to be non-significantly different with actual age obtained after kidding and correlation between ages predicted by TD and UD measurement with actual age after kidding was found equally and highly correlated (r=0.98). The operator's accuracy in the whole experiment including all three groups was found to be 92%. The sensitivity was 93% and specificity was 86%. From the present study, it was observed that CRL was the most reliable parameter to find out gestational age in early pregnancy and the new formula derived was found very accurate to find out gestational age. TD and UD were also found to be equally reliable parameter to find out gestational age in mid and late stage of pregnancy through ultrasonography. It was concluded that ultrasonography by real time B mode with 5 MHz transrectal transducer was found to be reliable, safe and accurate and practicable means in diagnosing early pregnancy diagnosis as early as 25 days post breeding.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of a polyherbal formulation (PHFAROGH)

Mohan, M,Gulecha, VS,Aurangabadkar, VM,Balaraman, R,Austin, A,Thirugnanasampathan, S Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2009 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.9 No.3

The effect of arogh, a polyherbal formulation-PHF [each 3 g powder contained Nelumbo nucifera G. (0.24 g), Hemidesmus indicus R. (0.24 g), Zingiber officinale R. (0.24 g), Terminalia chebula R. (0.24 g), Quercus infectoria O. (0.12 g), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (0.24 g), Rosa damascene M.(0.24 g), Eclipta alba H.(0.24 g), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (0.24 g)] was investigated in various experimental models of pain and inflammation. Analgesic activity of PHF was studied in mice using acetic acid induced writhing, tail immersion and hot plate methods. Anti-inflammatory activity of PHF was studied in rats using carrageenan induced hind paw edema and formalin induced rat paw edema methods. PHF significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the number of writhings, increased latency to flick tail in tail immersion method and elevated the mean basal reaction time in hot plate method. PHF significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited carrageenan induced hind paw edema and formalin induced rat paw edema. The PHF was tested at dose of 30, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg.

Validation of Neck Disability Index Severity among Patients Receiving One or Two-Level Anterior Cervical Surgery

Geoghegan Cara E.,Mohan Shruthi,Lynch Conor P.,Cha Elliot D. K.,Jacob Kevin C.,Patel Madhav R.,Prabhu Michael C.,Vanjani Nisheka N.,Pawlowski Hanna,Singh Kern 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.1

Study Design: Retrospective cohort. Purpose: To evaluate the validity of established severity thresholds for Neck Disability Index (NDI) among patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA). Overview of Literature: Few studies have examined the validity of established NDI threshold values among patients undergoing ACDF or CDA. Methods: A surgical database was reviewed to identify patients undergoing cervical spine procedures. Demographics, operative characteristics, comorbidities, NDI, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and 12-item Short Form (SF-12) physical and mental composite scores (PCS and MCS) were recorded. NDI severity was categorized using previously established threshold values. Improvement from preoperative scores at each postoperative timepoint and convergent validity of NDI was evaluated. Discriminant validity of NDI was evaluated against VAS neck and arm and SF-12 PCS and MCS. Results: All 290 patients included in the study demonstrated significant improvements from baseline values for all patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at all postoperative timepoints (p<0.001) except SF-12 MCS at 2 years (p=0.393). NDI showed a moderate-to-strong correlation (r≥0.419) at most timepoints for VAS neck, VAS arm, SF-12 PCS, and SF-12 MCS (p<0.001, all). NDI severity categories demonstrated significant differences in mean VAS neck, VAS arm, SF-12 PCS, and SF-12 MCS at all timepoints (p<0.001, all). Differences between NDI severity groups were not uniform for all PROMs. VAS neck values demonstrated significant intergroup differences at most timepoints, whereas SF-12 MCS showed significantly different values between most severity groups. Conclusions: Neck disability is strongly correlated with neck and arm pain, physical function, and mental health and demonstrates worse outcomes with increasing severity. Previously established severity categories may be more applicable to pain than physical function or mental health and may be more uniformly applied preoperatively for cervical spine patients.

Experimental and CFD analysis of heat sinks with base plate for CPU cooling

R. Mohan,P. Govindarajan 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.8

Experimental and theoretical investigations of the thermal performance of a variety of heat sinks have been made. The heat sinks investigated were: straight finned, elliptical finned, small pin finned, circular disc finned, elliptical disc finned, frustum finned and double base straight finned. Realistic, manufacturable geometries are considered for minimizing thermal resistance at low velocity. The experimental results of several of the simple geometry heat sinks have been compared to those predicted by a commercially available computational fluid dynamics code fluent. The parameters such as fin geometry, fin pitch and fin height are optimized primarily in this paper and a second task is carried out to optimize base plate thicknesses, base plate materials and modify design of heat sink for improving the thermal performance in the next generation. Although the performance of heat sink is good, the temperature of heat sink at center is high. In this research work, the best heat sink geometry is selected and modified in order to reduce maximum temperature distribution and hot spots of heat sink at center by changing the geometry design and adding one more base. It is observed that flow obstructions in the chassis and the resulting air recirculation affect the heat sink temperature distribution.

Electrical characteristics of Cu-doped ZnO nanorods

R. Mohan,S. Saini,S. J. Kim 한국정밀공학회 2011 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.6월

Fabrication of reusable polymer nanocomposite films made of thermoplastic polyurethane and modified BiVO₄ for photodegradation of Malachite Green

R. Mohan,A. G. Jineesh,N. Manikanda Prabu 대한환경공학회 2022 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.27 No.4

Semiconducting BiVO₄, is successfully prepared by solid-state route and attempts are taken to dope vanadium sites by titanium ions to produce BiV1-xTixO₄ (x = 5%, 10% and 15%). The products are analyzed using powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The average particle sizes are in the range of 71-82 nm. Using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, the band gaps are estimated and fall in visible range (2.11-2.41 eV). These nanomaterials are investigated for the photodegradation of malachite green dye solution that can find application in wastewater treatment and their efficiencies are investigated by time-dependent UV-Visible spectroscopy. 15% titanium doped BiVO₄ (BVO-15) showed the highest efficiency by completely degrading malachite green in 180 min under visible light irradiation. In such heterogenous processes, separation of the used nanocatalysts remain a challenge. To address this, reusable polymer nanocomposite films are prepared using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) to immobilize BVO-15. The polymer nanocomposite film with 0.10 g of catalyst in 1 g of TPU showed maximum efficiency (~ 96%). The powder and film catalysts are investigated for three cycles and found to be effective. Thus, they show remarkable photocatalytic activity, stability and reusability that make them suitable for the wastewater treatment.

Effect of electrodeposition modes on ruthenium oxide electrodes for supercapacitors

R.K. Vishnu Prataap,R. Arunachalam,R. Pavul Raj,S. Mohan 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.10

With developments in energy storage devices, supercapacitors are gaining more attraction because of their potential to excel batteries shortly. In this work, ruthenium oxide (RuO2) has been deposited on stainless steel and studied the influence of surface modification of solid electrodes on capacitance properties. Hydrous ruthenium oxide was plated by different modes such as potential sweep method (cyclic voltammetric), constant potential method (chronoamperometry) and optimised potential pulse method using a recently reported precursor material namely ruthenium nitrosylsulfate (RuNS). The structural information and morphology of electrodeposits were characterised by X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope respectively. The XRD studies indicate a poor crystalline state for RuO2 in all the modes of deposition but can contribute to a higher surface area when compared to a highly crystalline form. The SEM analysis revealed the formation of surface modification concerning the change of potential mode. Mud-cracked morphology, spherical particles and dendrimeric morphology observed on chronoamperometry, potential pulse and cyclic voltammetry respectively. Electrochemical studies were also conducted on the samples to assess their performance for supercapacitor applications. The spherical particles of hydrous RuO2 show high performance of capacitance behaviour 1180 F/g in 0.5MH2SO4 at the scan rate of 5 mV/s. Dendrimeric morphology and mud-cracked morphology shows 573 F/ g and 546 F/g respectively in same 0.5MH2SO4 at the scan rate of 5 mV/s. The studies reveal that RuO2 electrodes can be exploited for their outstanding capacitive behaviour by properly controlling the morphology of the deposits.

Photoconducting Properties of ZnO microwhiskers

R. Mohan,S. J. Kim 한국정밀공학회 2010 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.5월

Dependence of Optical Matrix Elements on the Boundary Conditions of the Continuum States in Quantum Wells

Y. R. Jang,Yoo, Keon-Ho,L. R. Ram-Mohan 한국광학회 2005 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.9 No.2

Unlike for the bound states, several different boundary conditions are used for the continuum states above the barrier in semiconductor quantum wells. We employed three boundary conditions, infinite potential barrier boundary condition, periodic boundary condition and scattering boundary condition, and calculated the local number of states, wavefunctions and optical matrix elements for the symmetric and asymmetric quantum wells. We discussed how these quantities are related in the three boundary conditions. We argue that the scattering boundary condition has several advantages over the other two cases. These results would be useful in understanding quantum well lasers and detectors involving continuum states.