Impaired liver regeneration and lipid homeostasis in CCl4 treated WDR13 deficient mice

Arun Prakash Mishra,Archana B. Siva,Chandrashekaran Gurunathan,Y. Komala,B. Jyothi Lakshmi 한국실험동물학회 2020 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.36 No.4

WDR13 - a WD repeat protein, is abundant in pancreas, liver, ovary and testis. Absence of this protein in mice has been seen to be associated with pancreatic β-cell proliferation, hyperinsulinemia and age dependent mild obesity. Previously, we have reported that the absence of WDR13 in diabetic Leprdb/db mice helps in amelioration of fatty liver phenotype along with diabetes and systemic inflammation. This intrigued us to study direct liver injury and hepatic regeneration in Wdr13−/0 mice using hepatotoxin CCl4. In the present study we report slower hepatic regeneration in Wdr13−/0 mice as compared to their wild type littermates after CCl4 administration. Interestingly, during the regeneration phase, hepatic hypertriglyceridemia was observed in Wdr13−/0 mice. Further analyses revealed an upregulation of PPAR pathway in the liver of CCl4- administered Wdr13−/0 mice, causing de novo lipogenesis. The slower hepatic regeneration observed in CCl4 administered Wdr13−/0 mice, may be linked to liver hypertriglyceridemia because of activation of PPAR pathway.

Electronic structure of the PLD grown mixed phase MoS2/GaN interface and its thermal annealing effect

Arun Barvat,Nisha Prakash,Gaurav Kumar,Dilip K. Singh,Anjana Dogra,Suraj P. Khanna,Prabir Pal 한국물리학회 2018 Current Applied Physics Vol.18 No.2

We report the electronic structure of Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) ultrathin 2D films grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on top of GaN/c-Al2O3 (0001) substrates annealed up to 550 C in an ultrahigh vacuum. Our X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) study shows that the grown films are mixed phase character with semiconducting 2H and metallic 1T phases. After ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) annealing, the 1T/2H phase ratio is significantly modified and film-substrate bonding becomes the leading factor influencing variation of mixed phase compositions. The semiconducting phase is partially transformed to metallic phase by thermal annealing; suggesting that the metallic phase observed here may indeed have more stability compared to the semiconducting phase. The notable enhancement of the 1T/2H ratio induces significant changes in Ga 3d core level spectra taken from bare GaN and MoS2/GaN sample. The impact of S and/or Mo atoms on the Ga core level spectra is further pronounced with the thermal annealing of grown films. The analysis shows that an enhancement of 1T metallic phase with thermal annealing in MoS2 layers is manifested by the occurrence of new spectral component in the Ga 3d core level spectra with the formation of Ga-S adlayer interaction through the Ga bonding in defect assisted GaN structure.

Establishing a stability switch criterion for effective implementation of real-time hybrid simulation

Amin Maghareh,Arun Prakash,Shirley J. Dyke,Jeffrey F. Rhoads 국제구조공학회 2014 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.14 No.6

Real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) is a promising cyber-physical technique used in the experimental evaluation of civil infrastructure systems subject to dynamic loading. In RTHS, the response of a structural system is simulated by partitioning it into physical and numerical substructures, and coupling at the interface is achieved by enforcing equilibrium and compatibility in real-time. The choice of partitioning parameters will influence the overall success of the experiment. In addition, due to the dynamics of the transfer system, communication and computation delays, the feedback force signals are dependent on the system state subject to delay. Thus, the transfer system dynamics must be accommodated by appropriate actuator controllers. In light of this, guidelines should be established to facilitate successful RTHS and clearly specify: (i) the minimum requirements of the transfer system control, (ii) the minimum required sampling frequency, and (iii) the most effective ways to stabilize an unstable simulation due to the limitations of the available transfer system. The objective of this paper is to establish a stability switch criterion due to systematic experimental errors. The RTHS stability switch criterion will provide a basis for the partitioning and design of successful RTHS

Analytical model for clustered vehicular ad hoc network analysis

Raghavendra Pal,Arun Prakash,Rajeev Tripathi,Dhananjay Singhb 한국통신학회 2018 ICT Express Vol.4 No.3

Clustering of vehicles is an important technique to reduce the high mobility effect of vehicles. This paper proposes an analytical model to evaluate the performance of a clustered vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). The analytical model is developed to evaluate three important parameters, namely packet delivery ratio, throughput, and delay. The results obtained from the analytical model are also accompanied by simulation results. This model can be further extended by researchers working on clustered VANET scenarios and will be helpful in modeling their protocols or algorithms. Furthermore, this model can verify the simulation results obtained from any network simulator.

A proposed organic Schottky barrier photodetector for application in the visible region

A.D.D. Dwivedi,Arun Kumar Singh,Rajiv Prakash,P. Chakrabarti 한국물리학회 2010 Current Applied Physics Vol.10 No.3

The fabrication and characterization of an organic photodetector (OPD) in the form of ITO coated glass/polycarbazole (PCz)/Al Schottky contact is reported. The device has been fabricated in our laboratory for the first time using the polymer synthesized by us. The device has been subsequently characterized in respect of electrical and optical properties in order to explore its potential for possible use as a detector in the visible region at 650 nm. It is observed that the detector exhibits a reasonably high value of peak detectivity (~6 × 106 cm Hz1/2W-1) near zero bias voltage at V = 0.2 V.

Orally Delivered Microencapsulated Live Probiotic Formulation Lowers Serum Lipids in Hypercholesterolemic Hamsters

Jasmine Bhathena,Christopher Martoni,Arun Kulamarva,Aleksandra M. Urbanska,Meenakshi Malhotra,Satya Prakash 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.2

Elevated serum cholesterol is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease. Nutritional therapies such as probiotics have been suggested to manage elevated cholesterol. This study investigates the cholesterol and triglyceride lowering potential of a microencapsulated feruloyl esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum 11976 (LF11976) probiotic formulation. Male Bio F1B hamsters were assigned to two groups to receive either the microcapsule probiotic formulation (containing LF11976 cells at 12.51 log colony-forming units/mL) or placebo formulation (empty) microcapsules, twice daily, by oral gavage for 18 weeks. For the duration of the study, animals were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. Serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and the atherogenic index were 21.36%, 31.43%, and 32.59% lower in the group gavaged with the microencapsulated probiotic formulation than in the placebo control group after 18 weeks (P < .05). Histology studies showed reduced progression of atherosclerotic lesions in animals treated with microencapsulated LF11976 as compared to control animals. Treatment with microencapsulated LF11976 formulation produces significant reductions in serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and serum triglyceride levels in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Findings suggest the potential of the oral microencapsulated probiotic cell formulation as a functional nutritional alternative for managing excessive serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Effect of Supplementing Organic Selenium on Performance, Carcass Traits, Oxidative Parameters and Immune Responses in Commercial Broiler Chickens

Rao, Savaram Venkata Rama,Prakash, Bhukya,Raju, Mantena Venkata Laxmi Narasimha,Panda, Arun Kumar,Poonam, Saharia,Murthy, Orugonda Krishna Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.2

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of supplementing various concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, or 400 ${\mu}g/kg$ diet) of organic Se on growth performance, carcass traits, oxidative stress, and immune responses in commercial broiler chickens reared in open-sided poultry house under tropical climatic conditions. Each diet was fed ad libitum to eight replicates consisting of six birds in each pen from 1 to 42 d of age. Body weight gain and feed efficiency, and relative weight of liver, abdominal fat and ready to cook yields were not affected (p>0.05) by organic Se supplementation to broiler diets. Lipid peroxidation in plasma decreased, while activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in plasma increased (p<0.01) linearly with Se concentration in diet. The ratios between heterophyls and lymphocytes and relative weight of lymphoid organs (bursa, spleen, and thymus), and antibody production to Newcastle disease vaccination were not affected (p>0.05) by Se supplementation to broiler diets. However, the cell-mediated immunity (lymphocyte proliferation ratio) increased (p<0.01) linearly with dietary Se concentration. The results of the present study indicate that the supplementation of Se did not influence body weight and feed efficiency. However, supplementation of Se increased antioxidant status and lymphocyte proliferation in broiler chickens.

Orally Delivered Microencapsulated Live Probiotic Formulation Lowers Serum Lipids in Hypercholesterolemic Hamsters

Bhathena, Jasmine,Martoni, Christopher,Kulamarva, Arun,Urbanska, Aleksandra M.,Malhotra, Meenakshi,Prakash, Satya The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.2

Elevated serum cholesterol is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease. Nutritional therapies such as probiotics have been suggested to manage elevated cholesterol. This study investigates the cholesterol and triglyceride lowering potential of a microencapsulated feruloyl esterase-producing Lactobacillus fermentum 11976 (LF11976) probiotic formulation. Male Bio $F_1B$ hamsters were assigned to two groups to receive either the microcapsule probiotic formulation (containing LF11976 cells at 12.51 log colony-forming units/mL) or placebo formulation (empty) microcapsules, twice daily, by oral gavage for 18 weeks. For the duration of the study, animals were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. Serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and the atherogenic index were 21.36%, 31.43%, and 32.59% lower in the group gavaged with the microencapsulated probiotic formulation than in the placebo control group after 18 weeks (P < .05). Histology studies showed reduced progression of atherosclerotic lesions in animals treated with microencapsulated LF11976 as compared to control animals. Treatment with microencapsulated LF11976 formulation produces significant reductions in serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and serum triglyceride levels in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic hamsters. Findings suggest the potential of the oral microencapsulated probiotic cell formulation as a functional nutritional alternative for managing excessive serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Synthesis and Characterization of Schiff Base Metal Complexes and Reactivity Studies with Malemide Epoxy Resin

Lakshmi, B.,Shivananda, K.N.,Prakash, Gouda Avaji,Isloor, Arun M.,Mahendra, K.N. Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.2

A novel malemide epoxy containing Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions have been synthesized by curing malemide epoxy resin (MIEB-13) and Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of macrocyclic bis-hydrazone Schiff base. The Schiff base was synthesized by reacting 1,4-dicarbnyl phenyl dihydrazide with 2,6-diformyl-4-methyl phenol. The Schiff base and its Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, spectral (IR, $^1H$ NMR, UV-vis., FAB mass, ESR), thermal and magnetic data. The curing reaction of maleimide epoxy compound with metal complexes was studied as curing agents. The stability of cured samples was studied by thermo-gravimetric analyses and which have excellent chemical (acid/alkali/solvent) and water absorption resistance. Further, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and definitional scanning colorimetric (DSC) techniques were confirmed the phase homogeneity of the cured systems.

Synthesis and Characterization of Schiff Base Metal Complexes and Reactivity Studies with Malemide Epoxy Resin

B. Lakshmi,K. N. Shivananda,Gouda Avaji Prakash,Arun M Isloor,K. N. Mahendra 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.2

A novel malemide epoxy containing Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions have been synthesized by curing malemide epoxy resin (MIEB-13) and Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of macrocyclic bis-hydrazone Schiff base. The Schiff base was synthesized by reacting 1,4-dicarbnyl phenyl dihydrazide with 2,6-diformyl-4-methyl phenol. The Schiff base and its Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses,spectral (IR, 1H NMR, UV-vis., FAB mass, ESR), thermal and magnetic data. The curing reaction of maleimide epoxy compound with metal complexes was studied as curing agents. The stability of cured samples was studied by thermo-gravimetric analyses and which have excellent chemical (acid/alkali/solvent) and water absorption resistance. Further, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and definitional scanning colorimetric (DSC) techniques were confirmed the phase homogeneity of the cured systems.