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      • Can herbal extracts be used as skin penetrating agent

        Chung, Leung Ping,Xin, Zhao,Tak, Law Wai,David, Lau Tai Wai Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2007 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.7 No.3

        Swollen and painful extremities have been treated with herbal baths in attempts to alleviate the symptoms. A popular herbal bath used in China, contains a component called 'bone-penetrating herb' which is believed to facilitate the penetration of herbal substances across the skin to the swollen site, so swollen site, so that pain and swelling will be improved. A search from the Chinese pharmacopedia revealed that 22 different herbs have been traditionally used as 'bone-penetrating herb'. Five of these herbs were available in market and were chosen for experimental studies. Standard diffusion experiments were done to identify the most effective herb among the five, in the penetration facilitation. Glechoma longituba at a concentration of 20% was found to give the best results in the facilitation of Bromophenol blue diffusion across artificial and biological membranes. When compared with one commonly used diffusion facilitator, viz. azone, azone was found to be more effective than glechoma longituba. The encouraging observations support future studies on the basic science behind the use of herbal components as topical agents to treat pain and swelling.

      • Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine harmonising two approaches

        Chung, Leung Ping,Wai, Lau Tai,Sang, Woo Kam Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.8 No.1

        While full recognition of the practical value of Traditional Chinese Medicine is being endorsed, the current stand on the research methodology of this field should be worked out. Since modern medicine has already developed a logical system of research methodology basing on the principles of deduction, any research on any system of medicine need to take reference to what is most popularly used and commonly recommended. The best way to approach research on Chinese Medicine, therefore, would be one that would take full reference to the methodology being used in modern medicine, while at the same time respecting the traditional approach. This would enable traditional medicine to be elevated to the level of general modern recognition. Nevertheless, innate problems in traditional medicine are making its research difficult. The problems lie in difficulties to achieve uniform herb supply, principles of randomization and placebo arrangements, uncertain chemical structures and toxicology etc. A practical approach centered on carefully planned evidence-based clinical trials, with parallel studies on biological activities and herb authentication is being recommended.

      • KCI등재후보

        Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine harmonising two approaches

        Leung Ping Chung,Lau Tai Wai,Woo Kam Sang 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.1

        While full recognition of the practical value of Traditional Chinese Medicine is being endorsed, the current stand on the research methodology of this field should be worked out. Since modern medicine has already developed a logical system of research methodology basing on the principles of deduction, any research on any system of medicine need to take reference to what is most popularly used and commonly recommended. The best way to approach research on Chinese Medicine, therefore, would be one that would take full reference to the methodology being used in modern medicine, while at the same time respecting the traditional approach. This would enable traditional medicine to be elevated to the level of general modern recognition. Nevertheless, innate problems in traditional medicine are making its research difficult. The problems lie in difficulties to achieve uniform herb supply, principles of randomization and placebo arrangements, uncertain chemical structures and toxicology etc. A practical approach centered on carefully planned evidence-based clinical trials, with parallel studies on biological activities and herb authentication is being recommended. While full recognition of the practical value of Traditional Chinese Medicine is being endorsed, the current stand on the research methodology of this field should be worked out. Since modern medicine has already developed a logical system of research methodology basing on the principles of deduction, any research on any system of medicine need to take reference to what is most popularly used and commonly recommended. The best way to approach research on Chinese Medicine, therefore, would be one that would take full reference to the methodology being used in modern medicine, while at the same time respecting the traditional approach. This would enable traditional medicine to be elevated to the level of general modern recognition. Nevertheless, innate problems in traditional medicine are making its research difficult. The problems lie in difficulties to achieve uniform herb supply, principles of randomization and placebo arrangements, uncertain chemical structures and toxicology etc. A practical approach centered on carefully planned evidence-based clinical trials, with parallel studies on biological activities and herb authentication is being recommended.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재후보

        Can herbal extracts be used as skin penetrating agent

        Leung Ping Chung,Zhao Xin,Law Wai Tak,Lau Tai Wai David 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2007 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.7 No.3

        Swollen and painful extremities have been treated with herbal baths in attempts to alleviate the symptoms. A popular herbal bath used in China, contains a component called ‘bone-penetrating herb’ which is believed to facilitate the penetration of herbal substances across the skin to the swollen site, so that pain and swelling will be improved. A search from the Chinese pharmacopedia revealed that 22 different herbs have been traditionally used as ‘bone-penetrating herb’. Five of these herbs were available in market and were chosen for experimental studies. Standard diffusion experiments were done to identify the most effective herb among the five, in the penetration facilitation. Glechoma longituba at a concentration of 20% was found to give the best results in the facilitation of Bromophenol blue diffusion across artificial and biological membranes. When compared with one commonly used diffusion facilitator, viz. azone, azone was found to be more effective than glechoma longituba. The encouraging observations support future studies on the basic science behind the use of herbal components as topical agents to treat pain and swelling.

      • KCI등재

        Placebo Acupuncture in an Acupuncture Clinical Trial. How Good is the Blinding Effect?

        Eliza Lai-Yi Wong,Ping-Chung Leung,Lang Zhang 사단법인약침학회 2015 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.8 No.1

        The purpose of this study was to critically look at the validity of the “placebo procedures” used in acupuncture studies. Twenty healthy volunteers were recruited and blinded either to genuine acupuncture or to “placebo procedures”, and they were checked to ascertain whether they could differentiate genuine punctures from placebo punctures. Each volunteer received paired procedures on three separate occasions. Each paired procedure included one genuine puncture and a placebo procedure. Three placebo procedures, that is, sham points, superficial puncture, and puncturing through a special device, were used. Two standard acupuncture points were used: Hegu (LI-4) in the hand and Zusanli (ST-36) in the leg. Among the 18 participants who completed all three tests, 16 correctly recognized genuine punctures. Sham sites in the hand and the leg were detected by 15 and nine of the participants, respectively. Superficial punctures in the hand and the leg were recognized by 10 and nine of the participants, respectively. A special device, a foam cylinder that hid the distal needle, worked best because 15 and 16 of the participants were deceived when the device was used at an acupoint in the hand and the leg, respectively. No significant differences were noted between those who had had past experience with acupuncture and those who had not. Sham sites and superficial punctures appeared not to have a placebo function because 50–83% of the participants were able to immediately recognize their false nature. Using a hidden device worked much better.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        The Efficacy of Herbal Supplement Danggui Buxue Tang for Relieving Menopausal Symptoms

        ( Eliza L. Y. Wong ),( Annie W. L. Cheung ),( C. J. Haines ),( C. C. Wang ),( Chun-kwok Wong ),( Karl W. K. Tsim ),( William K. F. Cheng ),( Ping-chung Leung ) 대한폐경학회 2022 대한폐경학회지 Vol.28 No.1

        Objectives: This study aimed to further explore the efficacy and safety of Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT), a simple herbal formula, for improving the quality of life of women suffering from menopausal symptoms. Methods: A third clinical trial to determine the clinical efficacy of high-dose DBT for a period of 12 weeks was carried out. The standard Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) assessment chart was used for the evaluation. Safety was defined as an absence of direct estrogenic effects, serum inflammatory cytokines. Notably, interleukin IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor TNF-α, known to be directly related to estrogenic reactions in menopause studies, were monitored. Results: The third clinical trial indicated an overall improvement in the four domains of MENQOL, offering further proof of the efficacy of DBT demonstrated in the two previous trials. The serial checks of the three cytokines related to estrogen activities did not show either upward or downward trends. The haphazard behavior reactions of the three cytokines offered indirect indications that DBT improved the MENQOL independently from estrogen activities. Conclusions: The three clinical trials using DBT to relieve menopausal syndrome have offered solid evidence for its efficacy. The uncertainty regarding whether the “phytoestrogen” contained in DBT had bioactivities similar to estrogen was alleviated through the confirmation that no strict estrogenic bioactivities were observed. The issue of safety was further clarified via laboratory platform studies on DBT, which not only showed the lack of similarity with estrogen actions but also confirmed the value of combining the two herbs in the classic formula.

      • KCI등재

        The Role of Turmerones on Curcumin Transportation and P-Glycoprotein Activities in Intestinal Caco-2 Cells

        Grace G.L. Yue,Sau-Wan Cheng,Hua Yu,Zi-Sheng Xu,Julia K.M. Lee,Po-Ming Hon,Mavis Y.H. Lee,Edward J. Kennelly,Gary Deng,Simon K. Yeung,Barrie R. Cassileth,Kwok-Pui Fung,Ping-Chung Leung,Clara B.S. Lau 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.3

        The rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric) is often used in Asia as a spice and as a medicine. Its most wellstudied component, curcumin, has been shown to exhibit poor bioavailability in animal studies and clinical trials. We hypothesized that the presence of lipophilic components (e.g., turmerones) in turmeric extract would affect the absorption of curcumin. The effects of turmerones on curcumin transport were evaluated in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. The roles of turmerones on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) activities and mRNA expression were also evaluated. Results showed that in the presence of a- and aromatic turmerones, the amount of curcumin transported into the Caco-2 cells in 2 hours was significantly increased. a-Turmerone and verapamil (a P-gp inhibitor) significantly inhibited the efflux of rhodamine-123 and digoxin (i.e.,inhibited the activity of P-gp). It is interesting that aromatic turmerone significantly increased the rhodamine-123 efflux and Pgp (MDR1 gene) mRNA expression levels. The effects of a- and aromatic turmerones on curcumin transport as well as P-gp activities were shown here for the first time. The presence of turmerones did affect the absorption of curcumin in vitro. These findings suggest the potential use of turmeric extract (including curcumin and turmerones), rather than curcumin alone, for treating diseases.

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