SNS사용에 대한 중국 사용자 저항에 관한 연구 : 런런왕(人人网)을 중심으로

FAN PENGFEI,이상준,이경락 한국디지털정책학회 2014 디지털융복합연구 Vol.12 No.2

The Monocot-Specific Receptor-like Kinase SDS2 Controls Cell Death and Immunity in Rice

Fan, Jiangbo,Bai, Pengfei,Ning, Yuese,Wang, Jiyang,Shi, Xuetao,Xiong, Yehui,Zhang, Kai,He, Feng,Zhang, Chongyang,Wang, Ruyi,Meng, Xiangzong,Zhou, Jinggeng,Wang, Mo,Shirsekar, Gautam,Park, Chan Ho,Bell Elsevier 2018 Cell host & microbe Vol.23 No.4

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>Programmed cell death (PCD) plays critical roles in plant immunity but must be regulated to prevent excessive damage. The E3 ubiquitin ligase SPL11 negatively regulates PCD and immunity in plants. We show that <I>S</I>PL11 cell-<I>d</I>eath <I>s</I>uppressor <I>2</I> (SDS2), an S-domain receptor-like kinase, positively regulates PCD and immunity in rice by engaging and regulating SPL11 and related kinases controlling defense responses. An <I>sds2</I> mutant shows reduced immune responses and enhanced susceptibility to the blast fungus <I>Magnaporthe oryzae</I>. Conversely, <I>SDS2</I> over-expression induces constitutive PCD accompanied by elevated immune responses and enhanced resistance to <I>M. oryzae</I>. SDS2 interacts with and phosphorylates SPL11, which in turn ubiquitinates SDS2, leading to its degradation. In addition, SDS2 interacts with related receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, OsRLCK118/176, that positively regulate immunity by phosphorylating the NADPH oxidase OsRbohB to stimulate ROS production. Thus, a plasma membrane-resident protein complex consisting of SDS2, SPL11, and OsRLCK118/176 controls PCD and immunity in rice.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The RLK SDS2 positively regulates plant cell death and immunity in rice </LI> <LI> SDS2 phosphorylates E3 ligase SPL11, which in turn ubiquitinates SDS2 for degradation </LI> <LI> SDS2 phosphorylates receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases RLCK118 </LI> <LI> RLCK118 interacts with and phosphorylates the NADPH oxidase OsRbohB </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Fluorescent Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots via Single-Step Synthesis Applied as Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Fe3+ Ions and Anti-Counterfeiting Inks

Chonghui Fan,Kelong Ao,Pengfei Lv,Jiancheng Dong,Di Wang,Yibing Cai,Qufu Wei,Yang Xu 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.08

Fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with excellent stability were prepared via single-step hydrothermal carbonization of citric acid (CA) and ethylenediamine (EDA). The as-prepared N-CDs emit blue fluorescence under the excitation of 365 nm and have a size distribution of 2.80 ffi 0.47 nm with benign size effect. The structure and morphology were further characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It was found that the surface of the N-CDs was successfully functionalized, which presented water solubility and chelation with Fe3+. XRD results display a diffraction peak at 23.9 ℃, which corresponds to the (002) interlayer spacing of a graphitic structure revealing an amorphous carbon phase. Furthermore, due to good sensitivity, N-CDs were used as probes for Fe3+ detection. The low limit of detection of 0.6 μM as a fluorescence probe was successfully obtained based on the linear relationship between (F0 - F) / F0 and concentration of Fe3+ ions. Besides the satisfactory fluorescence, PVA/N-CDs membranes and fluorescent inks demonstrate potential for anti-counterfeiting applications due to its characteristic flexibility, transparency, removability and invisibility under ambient lighting.

The role of botulinum toxin type A related axon transport in neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury

Huilian Bu,Pengfei Jiao,Xiaochong Fan,Yan Gao,Lirong Zhang,Haiming Guo 대한통증학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.35 No.4

Background: The mechanism of peripheral axon transport in neuropathic pain is still unclear. Chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its receptor (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5, CXCR5) as well as GABA transporter 1 (GAT-1) play an important role in the development of pain. The aim of this study was to explore the axonal transport of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 with the aid of the analgesic effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in rats. Methods: Chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat models were established. BTX-A was administered to rats through subcutaneous injection in the hind paw. The pain behaviors in CCI rats were measured by paw withdrawal threshold and paw withdrawal latencies. The levels of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 were measured by western blots. Results: The subcutaneous injection of BTX-A relieved the mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia induced by CCI surgery and reversed the overexpression of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 in the spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), sciatic nerve, and plantar skin in CCI rats. After 10 mmol/L colchicine blocked the axon transport of sciatic nerve, the inhibitory effect of BTX-A disappeared, and the levels of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 in the spinal cord and DRG were reduced in CCI rats. Conclusions: BTX-A regulated the levels of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 in the spine and DRG through axonal transport. Chemokines (such as CXCL13) may be transported from the injury site to the spine or DRG through axonal transport. Axon molecular transport may be a target to enhance pain management in neuropathic pain.

Near-Five-Vector SVPWM Algorithm for Five-Phase Six-Leg Inverters under Unbalanced Load Conditions

Ping Zheng,Pengfei Wang,Yi Sui,Chengde Tong,Fan Wu,Tiecai Li 전력전자학회 2014 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.14 No.1

Multiphase machines are characterized by high power density, enhanced fault-tolerant capacity, and low torque pulsation. For a voltage source inverter supplied multiphase machine, the probability of load imbalances becomes greater and unwanted low-order stator voltage harmonics occur. This paper deals with the PWM control of multiphase inverters under unbalanced load conditions and it proposes a novel near-five-vector SVPWM algorithm based on the five-phase six-leg inverter. The proposed algorithm can output symmetrical phase voltages under unbalanced load conditions, which is not possible for the conventional SVPWM algorithms based on the five-phase five-leg inverters. The cause of extra harmonics in the phase voltages is analyzed, and an xy coordinate system orthogonal to the ab z coordinate system is introduced to eliminate low-order harmonics in the output phase voltages. Moreover, the digital implementation of the near-five-vector SVPWM algorithm is discussed, and the optimal approach with reduced complexity and low execution time is elaborated. A comparison of the proposed algorithm and other existing PWM algorithms is provided, and the pros and cons of the proposed algorithm are concluded. Simulation and experimental results are also given. It is shown that the proposed algorithm works well under unbalanced load conditions. However, its maximum modulation index is reduced by 5.15% in the linear modulation region, and its algorithm complexity and memory requirement increase. The basic principle in this paper can be easily extended to other inverters with different phase numbers.

Evaluation of Tunnel Face Stability Subjected to Seismic Load Based on the Non-associated Flow Rule

Qiguang Di,Pengfei Li,Mingju Zhang,Caixia Guo,Fan Wang,Yingjie Wei 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.26 No.5

Reasonable determination of the stability of the tunnel face under complex conditions is necessary for safe construction. This paper focuses on the seismic stability of the tunnel face in cohesion-frictional soils based on the non-associated flow rule. The pseudo-static approach is adopted to reflect the seismic effect. An analytical model is proposed based on the limit analysis method. A series of numerical simulations are performed to verify the rationality of the theoretical model. Then, parametric analyses are carried out. Results show that the proposed model is reasonable to investigate the tunnel face stability under the seismic load. The study indicates that it is essential to consider not only the seismic load but also the non-associated flow rule when determining the limit support pressure of tunnel face, especially in the soils with high friction angle or unit weight.

Tracklet-Global Track Fusion Using Support Degree Function in Sensor Networks

Xiaobin Li,En Fan,Changhong Yuan,Pengfei Li 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.10

For the situation with unknown qualities of local tracks in sensor networks, a new tracklet-global track fusion method using the support degree function (SDF-T2GTF) is proposed. According to the characteristic of actual transmission modes, two local estimates of a moving target in adjacent interval transmitted by the same local node are defined as a tracklet, and subsequently tracklet-global track (T2GT) fusion can replace the traditional track fusion in the global node, namely local track-global track (LT2GT) fusion. Considered the advantage of the fuzzy track association (TA) method for unknown prior information of local tracks, it is used in T2GT association. Then all correlated tracklets in the same interval can be mapped into a set of points in parameter space by the Hough transform (HT) algorithm. The support degree function of these points is utilized to dynamically estimate the qualities of tracklets and reasonably allocates the weights of local estimates in fusion results. Hence, the proposed method can realize T2GT fusion without the prior information of local tracks. The experimental result illustrates that the proposed method can satisfy the requirement of data transmission in real systems, and can realize T2GT fusion; on the other, it can improve the performance of track fusion in accuracy compared with the traditional methods.

Automated Fabric Defect Detection Based on Multiple Gabor Filters and KPCA

Junfeng Jing,Xiaoting Fan,Pengfei Li 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.6

A new detection approach is proposed to detect various uniform and structured fabric defects based on the multiple Gabor filters and Kernel Principal Component Analysis. First of all, images are filtered by multiple Gabor filters with six scales and four orientations to extract feature vectors. After that, the sub-blocks divided from the feature vectors have been fused and the high-dimension data can be reduced by using Kernel Principal Component Analysis. Finally, the similarity matrix is calculated by Euclidean norm and segmented with OTSU threshold method. The experiment has been done by integrating hardware and NI LabVIEW graphical programming language. Experimental results show that proposed algorithm improves feature extraction capability significantly and has high recognition rate.

Near-Five-Vector SVPWM Algorithm for Five-Phase Six-Leg Inverters under Unbalanced Load Conditions

Zheng, Ping,Wang, Pengfei,Sui, Yi,Tong, Chengde,Wu, Fan,Li, Tiecai The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2014 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.14 No.1

Multiphase machines are characterized by high power density, enhanced fault-tolerant capacity, and low torque pulsation. For a voltage source inverter supplied multiphase machine, the probability of load imbalances becomes greater and unwanted low-order stator voltage harmonics occur. This paper deals with the PWM control of multiphase inverters under unbalanced load conditions and it proposes a novel near-five-vector SVPWM algorithm based on the five-phase six-leg inverter. The proposed algorithm can output symmetrical phase voltages under unbalanced load conditions, which is not possible for the conventional SVPWM algorithms based on the five-phase five-leg inverters. The cause of extra harmonics in the phase voltages is analyzed, and an xy coordinate system orthogonal to the ${\alpha}{\beta}z$ coordinate system is introduced to eliminate low-order harmonics in the output phase voltages. Moreover, the digital implementation of the near-five-vector SVPWM algorithm is discussed, and the optimal approach with reduced complexity and low execution time is elaborated. A comparison of the proposed algorithm and other existing PWM algorithms is provided, and the pros and cons of the proposed algorithm are concluded. Simulation and experimental results are also given. It is shown that the proposed algorithm works well under unbalanced load conditions. However, its maximum modulation index is reduced by 5.15% in the linear modulation region, and its algorithm complexity and memory requirement increase. The basic principle in this paper can be easily extended to other inverters with different phase numbers.

Effect of laser beam incidence angle on cladding morphology in laser cladding process

Guan Zhang,Wenlei Sun,Dongmei Zhao,Pengfei Fan,Feng Guo,Yong Huang,Pengfei Li 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.4

The change of angle θ between laser cladding powder plane and substrate plane will lead to changes in cladding layer's geometric morphology. Therefore, we established a quantitative numerical prediction model for cladding layer geometry. In this model, we consider the variation of θ, the laser energy attenuation rate and the temperature rise of the powder particles. At the same time, the simulation results were verified by experiments. The results show that when θ is in the range of 50°~90°, the initial temperature is 298 K, the scanning speed is 3.75 mm/s, and the laser spot diameter is 4.5 mm, the Fe#1 powder cladding can achieve better forming effect on Q235. In general, with the decrease of θ, the height of the cladding layer decreases and the width of the layer increases. However, when θ is less than 50°, the quality of the formed morphology significantly deteriorated. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results, which verifies the validity and reliability of the model. This work provides a theoretical reference for further understanding the relationship between the laser cladding morphology and the incident angle.