NURSING EDUCATION SEMINAR : DEVELOPING HIGHER LEVEL THINKING ABILITY

Patricia A. Conroy 대한간호협회 1971 대한간호 Vol.10 No.1

Effect of Spirulina maxima on Postprandial Lipemia in Young Runners: A Preliminary Report

Patricia Victoria Torres-Durán,Aldo Ferreira-Hermosillo,Arnulfo Ramos-Jiménez,Rosa Patricia Hernández-Torres,Marco Antonio Juárez-Oropeza 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.8

Trained people exhibit low plasma concentrations of triacylglcyerols in both fasting and postprandial states. Exercise practice is commonly believed to improve postprandial lipemia. In addition, elevated postprandial lipemia is an indicator of poor lipid clearance, and it has been associated with atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and obesity. Spirulina maxima is an edible microorganism with a high nutritional value. When it is consumed, beneficial properties to health have been demonstrated, such as hypolipemic and antihypertensive properties in human beings. This work evaluates the effects of orally administrated S. maxima on postprandial lipemia in a young Mexican sporting population after 15 days of consumption,as a possible alternative treatment to improve their lipid clearance. Forty-one runners (10–26 years old; 21 men and 20women) volunteered to participate in the study. All of them were physically active for at least 1 year before the study and were not undergoing training during the study. The subjects consumed 5 g of Spirulina during 15 days. Before and after the treatment with Spirulina, they consumed (12 h fasting) a standardized meal with high fat content (53.2% total calories). Postprandial lipemia was measured at 1.5, 3, and 4.5 h after the fatty meal. Fasting plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations were lower after Spirulina treatment than before treatment. In addition, the postprandial area under the curve of TAG concentrations was lower after the treatment with Spirulina. Sixty-two percent of the youngest runners (10–16 years) studied exhibited the best response to the treatment. Orally administered S. maxima decreased postprandial lipemia in sporting teenagers. The youngest people were the most responsive to the beneficial effects of Spirulina on postprandial lipemia.

The stellar metallicity gradients in galaxy discs in a cosmological scenario

Tissera, Patricia B.,Machado, Rubens E. G.,Sanchez-Blazquez, Patricia,Pedrosa, Susana E.,Sá,nchez, Sebastiá,n F.,Snaith, Owain,Vilchez, Jose EDP Sciences 2016 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.592 No.-

The Evolution of Japan’s Space and Security Policies: Reflections of Constitutional Interpretation and U.S. Influence

Patricia K. McCormick 이화여자대학교 국제지역연구소 2021 Asian International Studies Review Vol.22 No.2

This article assesses the impact of two factors on the development of Japan’s space and security programs: interpretation of Article 9 of the revised Meiji Constitution and the influence of the United States. Following the Second World War, Japan embraced a minimalist security policy. Article 9 directed post-war resources to economic development while using the U.S. to ensure security. Increasing challenges in the regional security environment with North Korea and China’s ascendency changed Japan’s perception and interpretation of self-defense. Japan ushered in successive institutional and policy alterations in accord with the development of their space and security capabilities and integration with the U.S. security network. Since 2008 Japan has passed legislation that shares a broad conception of space security. These legal doctrines reflect Japan’s commitment to actively engage in developing greater space and security competences. Reinterpreting the use of outer space for “peaceful” purposes from exclusively non-military to passive military uses is also in accord with changes in Japan’s identity from a “peace” state to a “normal” international state.

Title must be EXTEND LIFE

Patricia Franca-Huchet 한국디자인학회 2020 한국디자인학회 국제초대전도록 Vol.2020 No.7

The response of plants growing in a landfill in the Philippines towards cadmium and chromium and its implications for future remediation of metal-contaminated soils

Patricia Anne G. Nazareno,Inocencio E. Buot, Jr. 한국생태학회 2015 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.38 No.2

During several visits to the Cebu City landfill in the Philippines, plants were observed growing within the area, including on top of the garbage piles. Studying the response of these plants is important in assessing which can be used in remedi¬ating metal contaminated soils. This study aimed to determine whether the plants in the Cebu City landfill excluded or accumulated cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) in the plant tissues. The floristic composition of the landfill was analyzed prior to the sample collection. The samples were acid-digested before the desired elements were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The Cd and Cr concentrations in the plant root-zone soil were also measured using AAS. The results indicated that the landfill substrate was generally acidic based on the results of the pH measurement. Of the 32 plant species sampled, Cyperus odoratus showed potential for Cd uptake and internal transfer; Cenchrus echina-tus, Vernonia cinerea and Terminalia catappa for Cr uptake, and Cynodon dactylon for Cr internal transfer. The plants in the landfill differed in their response towards the heavy metals. To confirm the behavior of C. odoratus towards Cd, and C. echinatus, C. dactylon, V. cinerea, and T. catappa towards Cr, controlled experiments are recommended, as the plant samples analyzed were collected from the field.

Hong Kong’s Status as a Contracting State under the CISG in the United States of America

Patricia Ruth McWilliam 서울시립대학교 서울시립대학교 법학연구소 2017 서울법학 Vol.25 No.1

Currently, the applicability of the Covenant on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) to Hong Kong is unsettled law in the United States legal system. This is a problem because of the amount of trade Hong Kong and the United States engage in, as well as the fact that the point of the CISG is to create uniformity in the application of laws to international contracts. The split authority in the American court systems creates confusion for merchants who wish to do business in Hong Kong. The American court system needs to examine the law of the CISG and determine if the CISG applies to Hong Kong based on China’s signing of the treaty. This means that the different interpretations of Hong Kong’s status under the CISG must be analyzed to determine which approach is appropriate. There are two main court decisions in the United States that have dealt with the issue of Hong Kong, the CNA and Innotex decisions. CNA found that Hong Kong is bound by the CISG, while Innotex was persuaded by a French court decision and stated that Hong Kong is not bound by the CISG. This paper examines the reasoning of both of those court decisions, as well as the less important decisions in the United States, evaluating the authorities relied on by the courts and other scholarship and legal authorities available to decide what is the correct interpretation of Hong Kong’s status under the CISG. By examining the available scholarship, Hong Kong’s legal status in regards to China, the language of the CISG itself and the reasons given by the courts, it seems clear that the CISG must apply to transactions involving Hong Kong parties, meaning that subsequent legal decisions in the United States must follow the reasoning of CNA and that the legal reasoning in Innotex must be abandoned.

Dream drawings

Patricia FRANCA-HUCHET 한국색채학회 2020 International Invitation Exhibition of Color Works Vol.- No.-

Sources of Variability in Children's Problem Solving

Patricia D. Stokes,Danielle Holtz,Tracey Massel,Alison Carlis,Jessica Eisenberg 대한사고개발학회 2008 The International Journal of Creativity & Problem Vol.18 No.2

Variability is defined as the number of different ways in which something is done. Adaptive variability reflects varying in correct ways; error variability, in incorrect ways. This study examined two sources of variability in children’s problem solving: age and reinforcement. First, third, and fifth graders at a suburban, public elementary school played a computer maze game with increasing variability requirements. Baseline variability levels were higher in fifth- than in first-graders. These differences disappeared when variability was required. Error scores increased with variability requirements, but were higher in first- than in third- or fifth-graders. Older students used more efficient strategies than younger ones. Students with high variability and low error scores shared response patterns and strategies, regardless of grade. Pedagogical implications of age and reinforcement effects are discussed.

“Look to Her for Directions”: Persuasion, Napoleon, and a New National Heroism

( Patricia George ) 한국18세기영문학회 2018 18세기영문학 Vol.15 No.2

Jane Austen’s novels are revered for their comforting portrayal of domestic spaces and romantic love, yet are also often criticized for failing to participate in discourses of national importance. This paper suggests that in her last completed novel, Persuasion, Austen was indeed grappling with large ideological shifts that were playing out around her in both the public and private realms. Drawing on competing concepts of masculinity and heroism in the figures of Napoleon, Lord Byron, and “ordinary” British naval officers in contrast to the traditionally feminine domestic role, Persuasion negotiates the development of a new national character rooted in the rising middle and professional classes informed by a dialectical relationship to a troubling past. Through Anne Elliot’s ability to moderate the excessive ferocity, pride, and sentimentalism in the men around her by virtue of her rational mind and domestically-cultivated managerial skills, Captain Wentworth is refined into an emergent “ordinary” English hero. Together, Anne and Wentworth model an evolving form of civic virtue in the way they relate to each other and to the past. In her hero and heroine’s readiness to go to work for the nation rather than retire to an inherited country estate, Austen allegorizes a commitment to filial and patriotic duty that is no longer based on traditional aristocratic ideals, but on increasingly domestic and democratic ones.