Cl^--sensitive Component of Ca²⁺-activated Tail Current in Rabbit Atrial Myocytes

Park. Choon-Ok,So. In-Suk,Ho. Won-Kyung,Kim. Woo-Gyeum,Earm. Yung-E 대한생리학회 1992 대한생리학회지 Vol.26 No.1

We used the whole cell patch clamp technique to examine the ionic basis for the tail current after depolarizing pulse in single atrial myocytes of the rabbit. We recorded the tail currents during various repolarizations after short depolarizing pulse from a holding potential of -70 mV. The potassium currents were blocked by external 4-aminopyridine and replacement of internal potassium with cesium. The current was reversed to the outward direction above +10 mV. High concentrations of intracellular calcium buffer inhibited the activation of the current. Diltiazem and ryanodine blocked it too. These data suggest that the current is activated by intracellular calcium released from sarcoplasmic reticulumn. When the internal chloride concentration was increased, the inward tail current was increased. The current was partially blocked by the anion transport blocker niflumic acid. The current voltage curve of the niflumic acid sensitive current component shows outward rectification and is well fitted to the current voltage curve of the theoretically predicted chloride current calculated from the constant field equation. The currents recorded in rabbit atrial myocytes, with the method showing isolated outward Na Ca exchange current in ventricular cells of the guinea pig, suggested that chloride conductance could be activated with the activation of Na/ca exchange current. From the above results it is concluded that a chloride sensitive component which is activated by intracellular calcium contributes to tail currents in rabbit atrial cells.

Crystal Structure of Three-Dimensional Copper(II) Macrocyclic Complex Linked by Hydrogen-Bonds

Park, Ki-Young,Hong, Choon-Pyo,Lee, Hye-Ok,Choo, Geum-Hong,Suh, Il-Hwan,Kim, Jin-Gyu,Park, Young-Soo Korea Crystallographic Association 2000 韓國結晶學會誌 Vol.11 No.2

The complex [Cu(L)(H2O)2] (PDC)(1)(L=2,5,9,12-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11- tetraazacyclotetradecane;PDC=1,4-pyridinedicarboxylate) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crys-tallography. The compound 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1, with a=7.553(1)Å, b=9.619(2)Å, c=10.692(2)Å, α=74.22(1)°, β=73.32(1)°, γ=78.70(1)°, V=710.1(2)Å3, Z=1,R1(wR2) for 2634 observed reflections of [I>2σ(I)] was 0.0854(0.2242). The compound 1 is interconnected to give a three-dimensional network through weak hydrogen-bonding interactions.

Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Ethanol Extracts Prepared from Selected Medicinal Herbs in 3T3-L1 Cells

Park, Min-Jun,Song, Ji-Hye,Shon, Myung-Soo,Kim, Hae Ok,Kwon, O Jun,Roh, Seong-Soo,Kim, Choon Young,Kim, Gyo-Nam The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2016 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.21 No.3

Obesity is a major risk factor for various metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we prepared ethanol extracts from Agastache rugosa (ARE), Chrysanthemum zawadskii (CZE), Mentha arvensis (MAE), Perilla frutescens (PFE), Leonurus sibiricus (LSE), Gardenia jasminoides (GJE), and Lycopus coreanus (LCE). The anti-oxidant and anti-adipogenic effects were evaluated. The $IC_{50}$ values for ascorbic acid and LCE against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals were $246.2{\mu}g/mL$ and $166.2{\mu}g/mL$, respectively, followed by ARE ($186.6{\mu}g/mL$), CZE ($198.6{\mu}g/mL$), MAE ($337.1{\mu}g/mL$), PFE ($415.3{\mu}g/mL$), LSE ($548.2{\mu}g/mL$), and GJE ($626.3{\mu}g/mL$). In non-toxic concentration ranges, CZE had a strong inhibitory effect against 3T3-L1 adipogenes (84.5%) than those of the other extracts. Furthermore, the anti-adipogenic effect of CZE is largely limited in the early stage of adipogenesis, and we revealed that the inhibitory role of CZE in adipogenesis is required for the activation of Wnt signaling. Our results provide scientific evidence that the anti-adipogenic effect of CZE can be applied as an ingredient for the development of functional foods and nutri-cosmetics for obesity prevention.

Copper oxide nanoparticles aggravate airway inflammation and mucus production in asthmatic mice via MAPK signaling

Park, Ji-Won,Lee, In-Chul,Shin, Na-Rae,Jeon, Chan-Mi,Kwon, Ok-Kyoung,Ko, Je-Won,Kim, Jong-Choon,Oh, Sei-Ryang,Shin, In-Sik,Ahn, Kyung-Seop Informa UK (Informa Healthcare) 2016 Nanotoxicology Vol.10 No.4

<P>Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), metal oxide nanoparticles were used in multiple applications including wood preservation, antimicrobial textiles, catalysts for carbon monoxide oxidation and heat transfer fluid in machines. We investigated the effects of CuONPs on the respiratory system in Balb/c mice. In addition, to investigate the effects of CuONPs on asthma development, we used a murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. CuONPs markedly increased airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), inflammatory cell counts, proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS). CuONPs induced airway inflammation and mucus secretion with increases in phosphorylation of the MAPKs (Erk, JNK and p38). In the OVA-induced asthma model, CuONPs aggravated the increased AHR, inflammatory cell count, proinflammatory cytokines, ROS and immunoglobulin E induced by OVA exposure. In addition, CuONPs markedly increased inflammatory cell infiltration into the lung and mucus secretions, and MAPK phosphorylation was elevated compared to OVA-induced asthmatic mice. Taken together, CuONPs exhibited toxicity on the respiratory system, which was associated with the MAPK phosphorylation. In addition, CuONPs exposure aggravated the development of asthma. We conclude that CuONPs exposure has a potential toxicity in humans with respiratory disease.</P>

The Utility of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and TIMP-2 as tumor markers in cervical cancer

Park, Dong Choon,Yoo, Jin Young,Lew, Young Ok,Kim, Dae Hoon 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.5

목적 : 세포외 기질 (extracellular matrix)과 기저막 (basement membrane)의 분해는 악성 종양의 침윤과 전이에 중요한 과정이다. 자궁경부암 환자의 조직과 혈청에서 Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)와 억제인자 (Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2, TIMP-2)의 발현을 조사하고 이들의 발현과 임상상태를 비교하여 자궁 경부암 환자에서 생물학적 지표로서의 가능성을 알아본다. 방법 : 조직학적으로 확인된 60명의 자궁경부암 환자에서 얻은 암조직에서 면역화학염색법을 이용하여 MMP-2와 TIMP-2의 발현을 조사하고 MMP-2와 TIMP-2의 mRNA 발현을 역전사 중합효소 연쇄반응 (RT-PCR) 이용하여 확인한다. 또한 각각의 환자에서 치료 과정 중 채취한 혈청에서의 MMP-2와 TIMP-2의 양을 효소결합 면역 흡착검사 (ELISA)로 측정하여 이들의 발현정도와 환자의 임상상태와의 연관성 여부를 알아본다. 결과 : 면역화학조직염색법을 이용한 MMP-2와 TIMP-2의 발현 비교에서 MMP-2는 정상 자궁경부조직에서는 부분적 양성을 포함하여 46% (28/60), 자궁경부암 조직에서는 75% (45/60)에서 양성으로 나타났으며 발현 정도도 정상 자궁경부조직에 비하여 강하게 나타났다. TIMP-2는 정상 자궁경부 조직과 자궁경부암 조직에서 각각 23% (14/60)와 27% (16/60)에서 양성을 보였고 그 발현정도는 미약하였다. MMP-2의 mRNA는 자궁경부암 조직에서 정상 자궁경부조직에서보다 두드러지게 나타났으며 TIMP-2의 경우는 정상 자궁경부조직과 자궁경부암 조직간에 차이를 볼 수 없었다. ELISA를 이용한 혈청에서의 MMP-2와 TIMP-2의 양성 반응율은 정상 대조군과 자궁경부암 환자군에서 각각 12% (7/54)와 76% (46/60), 22% (12/54)와 98% (59/60)로 나타났으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.05). 치료경과에 따른 혈청내 변화를 비교한 연구에서 MMP-2는 57.5%에서 임상 상태를 반영하였고 TIMP-2는 35%에서 임상 상태를 반영하였다. 결론 : MMP-2와 TIMP-2는 자궁경부암과 밀접한 연관성을 갖고 있으며 MMP-2는 임상상태를 반영하는 종양표지인자로서 사용 가능성이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

[$Cl^-$-sensitive Component of $Ca^{2+}$-activated Tail Current in Rabbit Atrial Myocytes

Park, Choon-Ok,So, In-Suk,Ho, Won-Kyung,Kim, Woo-Gyeum,Earm, Yung-E The Korean Physiological Society 1992 대한생리학회지 Vol.26 No.1

We used the whole cell patch clamp technique to examine the ionic basis for the tail current after depolarizing pulse in single atrial myocytes of the rabbit. We recorded the tail currents during various repolarizations after short depolarizing pulse from a holding potential of -70 mV. The potassium currents were blocked by external 4-aminopyridine and replacement of internal potassium with cesium. The current was reversed to the outward direction above +10 mV. High concentrations of intracellular calcium buffer inhibited the activation of the current. Diltiazem and ryanodine blocked it too. These data suggest that the current is activated by intracellular calcium released from sarcoplasmic reticulumn. When the internal chloride concentration was increased, the inward tail current was increased. The current was partially blocked by the anion transport blocker niflumic acid. The current voltage curve of the niflumic acid sensitive current component shows outward rectification and is well fitted to the current voltage curve of the theoretically predicted chloride current calculated from the constant field equation. The currents recorded in rabbit atrial myocytes, with the method showing isolated outward Na Ca exchange current in ventricular cells of the guinea pig, suggested that chloride conductance could be activated with the activation of Na/ca exchange current. From the above results it is concluded that a chloride sensitive component which is activated by intracellular calcium contributes to tail currents in rabbit atrial cells.

Phase 2 trial of Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel and Cisplatin in Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix

Park, Dong Choon,Kim, Jae Hoon,Lew, Young Ok,Kim, Dae Hoon,Namkoong, Sung Eun 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.4

목적 : 자궁경부암환 자에서 Paclitaxel과 cisplatin의 신보조항암요법의 독성 및 치료효과에 대해 알아본다. 방법 : 자궁경부암 IB2기에서 ⅡB기 사이의 37명의 자궁경부암환자를 대상으로 Paclitaxel 60 ㎎/m2 (3시간 정주)와 cisplatin 60 ㎎/m2을 정맥투여 하였다. 이들은 10일마다 3차례 시행하였고 총 3회 투여하였다. 매 번 투여 시 나타나는 독성을 WHO toxicity criteria에 근거하여 조사하였으며 grade 3 또는 grade 4의 독성이 나타날 경우 투약을 연기하기로 하였다. 치료 반응은 항암 투여 전 실시한, 내진 및 골반자기공명촬영과 3차례의 항암제투여가 모두 끝난 후 10일 후에 실시한 골반내진 및 골반자기공명촬영을 비교하여 평가하였다. 또한 이들은 3차례의 항암제투여가 끝나고 2주 후에 각 환자의 상태를 고려하여 수술 또는 방사선 치료를 받았다. 결과 : 총 37명의 환자가 본 연구에 임하였으며 이들은 모두 신보조항암투여가 끝난 후 광범위 자궁적출술 및 골반 임파절 절제술을 받았다. 3차례의 paclitaxel-cisplatin 신보조항암요법 후 항암제 투여로 인한 독성으로는 근육통이나 관절의 통증을 호소하는 경우가 가장 많았으며 대부분 세번째 항암제 투여 후에 나타났다. 그러나 grade 3 또는 grade 4 등의 독성은 없었다. Grade 1의 신경독성이 4명의 환자에서 나타났다. 치료 반응은 94.6% (35/37)에서 관찰되었으며 이중 35.1% (13/37)에서는 임상적 완전관해가 관찰되었고 10.8% (4/37)에서는 조직학적 완전관해로 나타났으며 59.5% (22/37)의 환자에서 부분관해가 관찰되었고 5.4% (2/37)의 환자에서만이 병변의 호전을 관찰할 수 없었으나 이들에서도 병변의 진행은 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 총 37명의 환자 중에서 28명은 항암제 투여전의 임상기와 비교하여 투여 후에는 임상기가 낮아진 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 결론 : IB2와 ⅡB 사이의 임상기를 갖는 자궁경부암환 자에서 본 연구에서 사용된 Paclitaxel과 cisplatin의 신보조항암요법은 비교적 낮은 독성과 높은 효과가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 특히 매 10일마다 투여하므로 신보조항암요법의 잇점을 가지면서도 수술이나 방사선치료의 적기를 놓치지 않는 장점이 있는 것으로 생각된다. 앞으로 보다 많은 환자를 대상으로 하는 연구가 필요하며 더불어 임상 3상 시험이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Objective : The toxicity and effectivity of intravenous paclitaxel and cisplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy were assessed in cervical cancer patients. Methods : Thirty seven consecutive patients affected by FIGO stage IB2 to ⅡB were treated with paclitaxel 60 ㎎/m2 that was administered intravenously over a 3-hour period, followed by cisplatin 60 ㎎/m2, also administered intravenously. The chemotherapy was administered every 10 days and for three courses. The toxicity of the regimen in each cycle was determined according to the WHO toxicity criteria and in cases with grade 3 or 4 toxicity, chemotherapy was postponed for one week. The size of the tumor mass was measured prior to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy by means of pelvic examination and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The response to the treatment was determined 10 days after 3 cycles of chemotherapy by means of pelvic examination and pelvic MRI. Two weeks after the neoadjuvant chemotherapy was completed, the patients were either given an operation or radiation therapy, depending on their overall condition, the operational risks and personal willingness for an operation. Results : A total of 37 patients were given a radical hysterectomy and enrolled in this study. Mild myalgia was the most common toxicity. Granulocytopenia was seen in four patients but there was no grade 3 or 4. Grade 1 neurotoxicities developed in four patients. Clinical responses occurred in 94.6% (35/37) of patients, including 35.1% (13/37) with a complete response, 10.8% (4/37) with a pathologically determined complete response, 59.5% (22/37) with a partial response, and 5.4% (2/37) showed stable disease. A down-staging response was seen in 75.7% (28/37) of those patients showing a response. Conclusions: The combination of paclitaxel with cisplatin for use in neoadjuvnant chemotherapy seems to be tolerated and very active in cervical cancer. Especially, every 10 days treatment did not delay the surgically or radologically optimal time. A larger number of cases need to be studied in order to confirm the efficacy of the treatment.

Development of a Y-STR 12-plex PCR system and haplotype analysis in a Korean population

Park, Sun Wha,Hwang, Choon Hong,Cho, Eun Min,Park, Ji Hwan,Choi, Byung Ok,Chung, Ki Wha Springer-Verlag 2009 Journal of genetics Vol.88 No.3

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Flower Buds of Calanthe discolor and C. sieboldii

Park, Joon-Moh,Whang, Sung-Soo,So, Soon-Ku,Lim, Pyung-Ok,Lee, Hyo-Yeon,Koo, Ja-Choon 한국식물학회 2010 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.53 No.1

The genus Calanthe includes species of terrestrial orchids that produce attractive flowers with diverse floral traits. Breeding programs have been established to improve the horticultural value of various Calanthe species, but studies to identify the genetic components contributing to the key phenotypic characteristics have not been undertaken. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying floral development associated with floral morphology, color, and fragrance production, the flower buds of two typical Korean Calanthe species, C. discolor and C. sieboldii, were subjected to gene expression analysis by differential display RT-PCR (DDRT-PCR). A total of 66 non-redundant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were isolated and sequenced. Of these, 26 and 40 DEGs were found to be highly expressed in C. discolor and C. sieboldii, respectively. Moreover, the expression patterns of a subset of genes presumably implicated in signal transduction, metabolic pathways, and hormonal signaling differed between the two species. The data presented here may improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying floral development and contribute to advances in orchid biotechnology.

Kinetic Studies on the Reaction of the Heterobimetallic Anion, $(OC)_5CrMn(CO)_5{^-}M^{+}\;(M^{+}=Na^{+},\;PPN^{+a})\;with\;CH_3I$

Park, Yong-Kwang,Han, In-Sup,Kim, Jin-Ho,Lee, Choon-Ja,Baek, Youn-Ok,Song, Gwan-Ok Korean Chemical Society 1994 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.15 No.7

The reaction of the heterobimetallic anion, ${(OC)_5CrMn(CO)_5^-M^+ (M^+=Na^+, PPN^+)\;with\;CH_3I$ was proven to be overall 1st order with respect to $[(OC)_5CrMn(CO)_5^-]$ This reaction mechanism may be described in terms of the consecutive reaction pathway in which Cr$(CO)_5$(THF) may be an important intermediate, leading to the corresponding products such as MeMn$(CO)_5\;and\;ICr(CO)_5^-$, accordingly. The counterion effect on this reaction was also elucidated.