<i>CYP2A6</i> and <i>ERCC1</i> polymorphisms correlate with efficacy of S-1 plus cisplatin in metastatic gastric cancer patients

Park, S R,Kong, S-Y,Nam, B-H,Choi, I J,Kim, C G,Lee, J Y,Cho, S J,Kim, Y W,Ryu, K W,Lee, J H,Rhee, J,Park, Y-I,Kim, N K Nature Publishing Group 2011 The British journal of cancer Vol.104 No.7

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>We evaluated the association between polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2A6 (<I>CYP2A6</I>)/excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (<I>ERCC1</I>)/X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1(<I>XRCC1</I>) and treatment outcomes of metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) patients treated with S-1/cisplatin.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>Among MGC patients (<I>n</I>=108), who received S-1 (40 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP> b.i.d., days 1–14) and cisplatin (60 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP>, day 1) every 3 weeks, we analysed the wild-type allele (<I>W</I>) and variants (<I>V</I>) of <I>CYP2A6</I> (<I>*4</I>, <I>*7, *9, *10</I>), and the polymorphisms of <I>ERCC1</I> (rs11615, rs3212986) and <I>XRCC1</I> (rs25487).</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Patients having fewer <I>CYP2A6</I> variants had better response rates (<I>W</I>/<I>W vs W</I>/<I>V</I> other than <I>*1/*4 vs V</I>/<I>V</I> or <I>*1/*4</I>=66.7 <I>vs</I> 58.3 <I>vs</I> 32.3% <I>P</I>=0.008), time to progression (TTP) (7.2 <I>vs</I> 6.1 <I>vs</I> 3.5 months, <I>P</I>=0.021), and overall survival (23.2 <I>vs</I> 15.4 <I>vs</I> 12.0 months, <I>P</I>=0.004). <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> (rs3212986) was also associated with response rate (<I>C/C</I>, 46.7% <I>vs C/A</I>, 55.3% <I>vs A/A</I>, 87.5%) (<I>P</I>=0.048) and TTP (4.4 <I>vs</I> 7.6 <I>vs</I> 7.9 months) (<I>P</I>=0.012). Patients carrying both risk genotypes of <I>CYP2A6</I> (<I>V</I>/<I>V</I> or <I>1/*4</I>) and <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> (<I>C/C</I>) <I>vs</I> those carrying none showed an adjusted odds ratio of 0.113 (<I>P</I>=0.004) for response, and adjusted hazard ratios of 3.748 (<I>P</I>=0.0001) for TTP and 2.961 (<I>P</I>=0.006) for death.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>Polymorphisms of <I>CYP2A6</I> and <I>ERCC1 19442C</I>><I>A</I> correlated with the efficacy of S-1/cisplatin.</P>

소 c-KIT Receptor 유전자의 다형성에 관한 연구

장요순,김태헌,윤두학,박응우,이혜원,이학교,정일정 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.6

소의 흰 반점 관련 후보유전자로 c-KIT receptor 유전자를 선정하여, c-KIT receptor 유전자내의 변이를 탐색하고 변이가 흰반점 표현형과 연관성이 있는지를 분석하였다. 한우, Angus, Brown Swiss, Charolais, Hereford, Holstein, Limousin 및 Simmental 등 8개 품종의 DNA 시료를 사용하여 c-KIT receptor 유전자의 intron 6번 영역에서 다형성을 조사하고 분석하였다. c-KIT receptor 유전자의 intron 6번 영역에서는 4개의 염기치환이 발견되어, MspⅠ, BsrBⅠ 및 NdeⅠ 제한효소를 이용하여 PCR-RFLP 분석을 실시하였다. Intron 6번을 포함하는 영역의 PCR 산물 크기는 2,440 bp 이었다. MspⅠ다형성은 PCR-RFLP 분석 결과 3개의 대립유전자가 존재하였으며, 한우품종에서는 3개의 대립유전자 모두가 발견되었고, CC 형태이 유전자형을 제외한 5개의 유전자형 (AA, AB, AC, BC 및 BB)을 확인하였다. Angus, Brown Swiss, Hereford, Holstein 및 Simmental 품종에서는 A 대립유전자만을 갖는 것으로 조사되었고, 한우는 44%만 AA 유전자형을 나타내었다. BsrBⅠ 다형성은 2개의 대립유전자로서 3개의 유전자형이 나타나는 것을 확인하였으며, Charolais 및 Hereford 품종이 다른 소 품종에 비하여 A 대립유전자의 빈도가 높게 나타났다. NdeⅠ 다형성을 분석한 결과 Brown Swiss 품종에서는 NdeⅠ에 의해 절단되는 형태인 A 대립유전자만 관찰되었으며, Holstein 품종은 92%, Simmental 품종은 72%가 절단되는 형태를 나타내어, 모색이 흰색을 띠는 소 품종에서 절단되는 형태가 많았다. 소 c-KIT receptor 유전자의 intron 6번 영역에서 확인된 4개의 염기치환은 품종에 따라 다른 빈도를 보였으나, 이들 염기치환과 흰 반점과의 연관성에 대한 증거는 발견하지 못하였다. 그러므로 소의 흰 반점과 c-KIT receptor 유전자 내의 변이와의 관련성은 다른 영역에 대한 추가적인 분석과, 이미 보고된 다른 모색관련 유전자의 다형성과의 연관성 분석 등과 같은 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. We considered KIT gene as a candidate gene for the white-spotting pattern in cattle. This study was carried out to detect genetic variation of c-KIT receptor gene and to investigate association between the mutation and the white-spotting pattern in cattle. PCR-RFLP analysis within intron 6 of c-KIT receptor gene were performed with 8 cattle breeds including Hanwoo, Angus, Brown Swiss, Charolais, Hereford, Holstein, Limousin and Simmental. When PCR product of approximately 2,440 bp including intron 6 of c-KIT receptor gene was sequenced, four nucleotide substitutions were found within intron 6 of the bovine c-KIT receptor gene. In PCR-RFLP analysis, three alleles (A, B and C), two alleles (A and B) and two alleles (A and B) at each locus were identified by Msp Ⅰ, BsrBⅠ and NdeⅠ, respectively. Although frequencies of allele at each locus were different among cattle breeds, we could not get any evidence related with white or white spotting phenotypes in these mutations on intron 6 of c-KIT receptor gene. However, we can not entirely exclude the possibility that c-KIT receptor gene is responsible for white spotting phenotype in cattle. Thus, further studies need to detect other mutations in c-KIT receptor gene and to test association of those mutations and coat color phenotypes in cattle.

Magnetic Properties of <tex> $ [\hbox{Ni}_{97{\rm at.}\%}$</tex>-W<tex> $_{3{\rm at.}\%}]_{{100}-{x}}$</tex>-Cu<tex> $_x$</tex> Textured Substrates for Coated Conductors

Song, K.J.,Ko, R.K.,Kim, H.S.,Ha, H.S.,Ha, D.W.,Oh, S.S.,Park, C.,Yoo, S.-I.,Kim, M.W.,Kim, C.J.,Joo, J.H. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2007 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.17 No.2

<P>The degree of ferromagnetism of Ni-W<SUB>y</SUB> alloys decreases as W-content y increases. Both the saturation magnetization <I>M</I> <SUB>sat</SUB> and Curie temperature <I>T</I> <SUB>c</SUB> decrease linearly with W-content y, and both <I>M</I> <SUB>sat</SUB> and <I>T</I> <SUB>c</SUB> go to zero at critical concentration of y<SUB>c</SUB> ~9.50 at.% W. To compare with Ni-W alloys, the magnetic properties of a series of both as-rolled (non-textured) and annealed (biaxially textured) [Ni<SUB>97at.%</SUB>-W<SUB>3at.%</SUB>]<SUB>100-x</SUB>-Cu<SUB>x</SUB> alloy tapes with compositions x = 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 at.%, were studied. Characterization methods included XRD analyses to investigate the biaxial texturing of the annealed [Ni-W]-Cu alloy tapes and studies of the magnetization for both as-rolled and annealed [Ni-W]-Cu alloy tapes. Both the isothermal mass magnetizations <I>M</I>(<I>H</I>) of a series of samples at different fixed temperatures and <I>M</I>(<I>T</I>) in fixed field, were measured. The effect of Cu addition on both the saturation magnetization and Curie temperature T<SUB>c</SUB> of the Ni<SUB>97at.%</SUB>-W<SUB>3at.%</SUB> alloy was investigated.</P>

Ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of citrus fruit peels over mesoporous MFI and Al-MCM-41

Kim, Y.M.,Jae, J.,Lee, H.W.,Han, T.U.,Lee, H.,Park, S.H.,Kim, S.,Watanabe, C.,Park, Y.K. Pergamon ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Energy conversion and management Vol.125 No.-

The thermal and ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of different citrus peels, Citrus paradisi peel, Citrus sinensis peel, Citrus unshiu peel, and Citrus limon peel, were studied by thermogravimetric, evolved gas analysis-mass spectrometry and tandem micro-reactor-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry analyses. Kinetic analysis revealed more complicated reaction steps and a wider range of activation energies of citrus peels than those of wood powder due to the presence of pectin in the citrus peels. Large amounts of methanol formation from each citrus peel were also recorded by evolved gas analysis-mass spectrometry and fast pyrolysis-gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry analyses at the main decomposition temperature of pectin, between 150 and 250<SUP>o</SUP>C. Mesoporous MFI was found to be a more effective catalyst for the production of mono aromatic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene; 3.06-4.17C%) and light olefins (ethene, propene, butene, and butadiene; 8.13-9.13C%) than Al-MCM-41 (mono aromatic compounds 0.67-0.93C% and light olefins 3.61-4.58C%) because of its higher catalytic activity in deoxygenation and aromatization due to the stronger acidity of mesoporous MFI. The yield of mono aromatic compounds over mesoporous MFI was highest from C. paradisi peel (4.17C%), followed in order by C. sinensis peel (3.83C%), C. unshiu peel (3.61C%), and C. limon peel (3.06C%), due mainly to the different contents and properties of pectin in each citrus peel. The higher activities of mesoporous MFI than Al-MCM-41 were also maintained during the 7 times sequential catalytic pyrolysis of C. paradisi peel, demonstrating the stability of mesoporous MFI catalyst.

전력용 변압기를 위한 IED 설계에 관한 연구

박철원(C.W. Park),구춘서(C.S. Koo),조용익(Y.l. Cho),박성완(S.W. Park),신명철(M.C. Shin),박재세(J.S. Park) 대한전기학회 2003 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.7

A C1 inhibitor ortholog from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus): Molecular perspectives of a central regulator in terms of its genomic arrangement, transcriptional profiles and anti-protease activities of recombinant peptide

Umasuthan, N.,Bathige, S.D.N.K.,Revathy, K.S.,Wickramaarachchi, W.D.N.,Wan, Q.,Whang, I.,Kim, E.,Park, M.A.,Park, H.C.,Lee, J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science 2014 DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.42 No.2

C1 inhibitor (C1Inh), a member of serpin superfamily, is a crucial regulator of the activation of various plasmatic cascades associated with immunity and inflammation. This study describes the identification and characterization of a C1Inh gene from rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus (OfC1Inh) at structural, expressional and functional levels. The cDNA-(2245bp) and corresponding gDNA-sequences (5.2kbp) of OfC1Inh were isolated from rock bream transcriptome- and BAC-libraries, respectively. Predicted amino acid sequence of OfC1Inh revealed a two-domain architecture composed of an N-terminal region with two Ig-like domains and a C-terminal region with a serpin domain. Tertiary model of OfC1Inh disclosed its active site topology. In the multi-exonic genomic arrangement of OfC1Inh, it consisted of eleven exons disjoined by ten introns as observed in few other fish homologs. Our comparative analysis indicated that the teleostean C1Inhs were distinct from their non-teleostean vertebrate counterparts in terms of their (1) extended N-terminal domains, (2) evolutionary divergence and (3) exon-intron distribution. The OfC1Inh had a TATA-deficient promoter with a putative initiator element, and two tandemly arranged downstream promoter elements. Several components associated with the immune and inflammatory transcriptional activation were also predicted to exist in 5' flanking region of OfC1Inh. The exclusive mRNA levels in liver and moderate levels in extra-hepatic tissues intimated the diversified importance of OfC1Inh in rock bream physiology. We also provide an evidence for the involvement of OfC1Inh in immune balance, based on its modulated transcription upon different PAMP (lipopolysaccharide and poly I:C)- or pathogen (Streptococcus iniae and rock bream irido virus)-challenges. A recombinantly expressed fusion protein [(r)OfC1Inh] was employed in demonstrating the anti-protease function of OfC1Inh. The (r)OfC1Inh exhibited detectable inhibitory activity against C1 esterase and thrombin, where the anti-C1 esterase role was shown to be potentiated by heparin. Taken together, the results of this study provide the first line of evidence for the possible involvement of a teleostean C1Inh in fish immunity, based on its expressional response(s) and inhibitory properties against two enzymes involved in biological cascades.

Improvement of high-field J_c of MgB₂ wires by polymethyl-methacrylate doping

Park, G.C.,Hwang, S.M.,Lee, C.M.,Choi, J.H.,Joo, J.,Lim, J.H.,Kang, W.N.,Kim, C.J. North-Holland 2010 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.470 No.suppl1

We applied polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) as a new doping material for MgB<SUB>2</SUB> and fabricated C-doped MgB<SUB>2</SUB> wires by in situ powder-in-tube (PIT) process. With increasing PMMA doping level, the transition temperature (T<SUB>c</SUB>) decreased and the MgO content increased, whereas the magnetic field dependence of the critical current density (J<SUB>c</SUB>) weakened. The MgB<SUB>2</SUB> wires doped with 3-10wt.% PMMA showed significantly higher J<SUB>c</SUB> by more than one order of magnitude than that of the undoped wire at 5K and 6.6T. These results confirmed the potential of PMMA as a promising material for the effective substitution of B by C in MgB<SUB>2</SUB>.

열 화학기상증착법을 이용한 탄화규소 나노선의 합성 및 특성연구

정민욱,김민국,송우석,정대성,최원철,박종윤,Jung, M.W.,Kim, M.K.,Song, W.,Jung, D.S.,Choi, W.C.,Park, C.J. 한국진공학회 2010 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.19 No.4

One-dimensional cubic phase silicon carbide nanowires (${\beta}$-SiC NWs) were efficiently synthesized by thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD) with mixtures containing Si powders and nickel chloride hexahydrate $(NiCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O)$ in an alumina boat with a carbon source of methane $(CH_4)$ gas. SEM images are shown that the growth temperature (T) of $1,300^{\circ}C$ is not enough to synthesize the SiC NWs owing to insufficient thermal energy for melting down a Si powder and decomposing the methane gas. However, the SiC NWs could be synthesized at T>$1,300^{\circ}C$ and the most efficient temperature for growth of SiC NWs is T=$1,400^{\circ}C$. The synthesized SiC NWs have the diameter with an average range between 50~150 nm. Raman spectra clearly revealed that the synthesized SiC NWs are forming of a cubic phase (${\beta}$-SiC). Two distinct peaks at 795 and $970 cm^{-1}$ in Raman spectra of the synthesized SiC NWs at T=$1,400^{\circ}C$ represent the TO and LO mode of the bulk ${\beta}$-SiC, respectively. XRD spectra are also supported to the Raman spectra resulting in the strongest (111) peaks at $2{\Theta}=35.7^{\circ}$, which is the (111) plane peak position of 3C-SiC. Moreover, the gas flow rate of 300 sccm for methane is the optimal condition for synthesis of a large amount of ${\beta}$-SiC NW without producing the amorphous carbon structure shown at a high methane flow rate of 800 sccm. TEM images are shown two kinds of the synthesized ${\beta}$-SiC NWs structures. One is shown the defect-free ${\beta}$-SiC NWs with a (111) interplane distance of 0.25 nm, and the other is the stacking-faulted ${\beta}$-SiC NWs. Also, TEM images exhibited that two distinct SiC NWs are uniformly covered with $SiO_2$ layer with a thickness of less 2 nm. 본 연구에서는 열 화학기상증착법(thermal chemical vapor deposition)을 이용하여 분말 형태의 규소(Si)와 염화니켈 수화물 $(NiCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O)$을 혼합한 후 탄소공급원인 $CH_4$ 가스를 주입하여 탄화규소 나노선(SiC nanowire)을 합성하였다. 합성 온도와 $CH_4$ 가스 유량 변화에 따른 탄화규소 나노선의 구조적 특성을 분석한 결과, 합성온도가 $1,400^{\circ}C$, $CH_4$ 가스의 유량이 300 sccm인 경우가 탄화규소 나노선의 합성에 최적화된 조건임을 라만 분광법(Raman spectroscopy)과 X-선 회절(X-ray diffraction), 주사전자현미경(scanning electron microscopy), 그리고 투과전자현미경(transmission electron microscopy) 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 합성된 탄화규소 나노선의 직경은 약 50~150 nm이며, 곧은 방향성과 높은 결정성을 가지는 입방구조(cubic structure)를 지니고 있었다.

Characterization of Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, Class 3 (PIK3C3) Gene and Association Tests with Quantitative Traits in Pigs

Kim, J.H.,Choi, B.H.,Lim, H.T.,Park, E.W.,Lee, S.H.,Seo, B.Y.,Cho, I.C.,Lee, J.G.,Oh, S.J.,Jeon, J.T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.12

This study deals with the characterization of porcine PIK3C3 and association tests with quantitative traits. PIK3C3 belongs to the class 3 PI3Ks that participate in the regulation of hepatic glucose output, glycogen synthase, and antilipolysis in typical insulin target cells such as those in the such as liver, muscle system, and fat. On the analysis of full-length mRNA sequence, the length of the PIK3C3 CDS was recorded as 2,664 bps. As well, nucleotide and amino acid identities between human and pig subjects were 92% and 99%, respectively. Five SNPs were detected over 5 exons. We performed genotyping by using a SNP C2604T on exon24 for 145 F$_2$ animals (from a cross between Korean native boars and Landrace sows) by PCR-RFLP analysis with Hpy8I used to investigate the relationship between growth and fat depot traits. In the total association analysis, which doesn' consider transmission disequilibrium, the SNP showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on body weight and carcass fat at 30 weeks of age as well as a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on back fat. In an additional sib-pair analysis, C allele still showed positive and significant effects (p<0.05) on back fat thickness and carcass fat. Moreover, the effects of C allele on the means of within-family components for carcass fat and back fat were estimated as 2.76 kg and 5.07 mm, respectively. As a result, the SNP of porcine PIK3C3 discovered in this study could be utilized as a possible genetic marker for the selection of pigs that possess low levels of back fat and carcass fat at the slaughter weight.

STOCHASTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH RESISTANCE OF SM45C STEEL

Park, U.H.,Lee, H.W.,Kim, S.J.,Lee, C.R.,Kim, J.H. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2007 International journal of automotive technology Vol.8 No.5

Reliability analysis based on fracture mechanics requires knowledge of the on statistical parameters m and C in the fatigue crack growth law $da/dN=C({\Delta}K)^m$. The purpose of the present study is to investigate if it is possible to explain the change of parameter m by the fluctuation of C only. In this study, we apply the Paris-Erdogan law treating the parameter C as random and the parameter m as constant. Fluctuations in crack growth rate are assumed to be dependent only on C. The material resistance to fatigue crack growth(Z=1/C) is treated as a spatially random process, that varies along the crack path. The theoretical crack growth rates at various stress intensity factors are discussed. Additionally, the results of constant ${\Delta}K$ fatigue crack growth tests are reported for the structural steel, SM45C. The experimental data have been analyzed to determine the probability distribution of fatigue crack growth resistanc.