Determinants of Capital Structure:The Case in Vietnam

VU, Thu Minh Thi,TRAN, Chung Quang,DOAN, Duong Thuy,LE, Thang Ngoc Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.9

This is a quantitative research, underpinned by the philosophy of natural science and deduction approach that examines the impact of the various aspects of corporate governance mechanism on the choice of capital structure of Vietnamese listed firms. We focus on the effect of factors such as the board size, the board independence, and especially different ownership structures, which include the managerial ownership, the state ownership, the concentrated ownership, and the foreign ownership. They are the main scopes of corporate governance and are supposed to be relevant to determine the corporate financing choice. To explain the causal relationship between factors, we construct the regression model and then test it by using different statistical method approaches, including the pooled OLS, the fixed effects model, and the random effects model. Data are collected from 336 firms with shares listed in the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange in Vietnam, totaling 1583 observations. Overall, the results reveal that the board size, state ownership, and concentrated ownership have positive impact on the firm's capital structure, whereas foreign ownership appears to have negative influence on the capital structure. The research does not find evidence of a the correlation between board independence, managerial ownership and corporate capital struture.

Tobacco Control Policies in Vietnam: Review on MPOWER Implementation Progress and Challenges

Hoang, Van Minh,Tran, Thu Ngan,Vu, Quynh Mai,Nguyen, Thi Tuyet My,Le, Hong Chung,Vu, Duy Kien,Tran, Tuan Anh,Nguyen, Bao Ngoc,Vu, Van Giap,Nguyen, Manh Cuong,Pham, Duc Manh,Kim, Bao Giang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup1

In Vietnam, the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) took effect in March 2005 while MPOWER has been implemented since 2008. This paper describes the progress and challenges of implementation of the MPOWER package in Vietnam. We can report that, in term of monitoring, Vietnam is very active in the Global Tobacco Surveillance System, completing two rounds of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) and three rounds of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS). To protect people from tobacco smoke, Vietnam has issued and enforced a law requiring comprehensive smoking bans at workplaces and public places since 2013. Tobacco advertising and promotion are also prohibited with the exception of points of sale displays of tobacco products. Violations come in the form of promotion girls, corporate social responsibility activities from tobacco manufacturers and packages displayed by retail vendors. Vietnam is one of the 77 countries that require pictorial health warnings to be printed on cigarette packages to warn about the danger of tobacco and the warnings have been implemented effectively. Cigarette tax is 70% of factory price which is equal to less than 45% of retail price and much lower than the recommendation of WHO. However, Vietnam is one of the very few countries that require manufacturers and importers to make "compulsory contributions" at 1-2% of the factory price of cigarettes sold in Vietnam for the establishment of a Tobacco Control Fund (TCF). The TCF is being operated well. In 2015, 67 units of 63 provinces/cities, 22 ministries and political-social organizations and 6 hospitals received funding from TCF to implement a wide range of tobacco control activities. Cessation services have been starting with a a toll-free quit-line but need to be further strengthened. In conclusion, Vietnam has constantly put efforts into the tobacco control field with high commitment from the government, scientists and activists. Though several remarkable achievements have been gained, many challenges remain. To overcome those challenges, implementation strategies that take into account the contextual factors and social determinants of tobacco use in Vietnam are needed.

Determinants Influencing Consumers Purchasing Intention for Sustainable Fashion: Evidence from Ho Chi Minh City

Thuy Thi Hai HO,Trinh Ngoc Phuong VU,Hieu Minh VU 한국유통과학회 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.11

This paper investigates factors impacting on sustainable fashion buying intention of consumers by reviewing studies about the topic and conducting a survey with consumers in Ho Chi Minh City. In detail, firstly, an interview with 15 respondents was conducted to check the understanding of concepts and questions and, secondly, the study used the convenient sampling method, with 172 samples collected and analyzed, of which young respondents accounted for the majority of the sample. The respondents tend to go shopping many times in a year, with the number of people buying fashion products from every week to every two months accounting for 65.2% totally. The findings suggest that the firms should prioritize strategies that can improve customer attitude toward sustainable fashion, making them feel good, pleasant, satisfied and favorable when engaging in sustainable fashion consumption. This study concludes that consumers need more information to enable them to make better ethical decisions. This study proposes that the major channels that consumers use to seek sustainable product information include public education, peer influence, and corporate marketing information about the products. This study concludes that public education and corporate marketing information on green consumption education is effective for improving consumer sustainable buying intention.

Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance Syndrome among Infertile Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study from Central Vietnam

Minh Tam Le,Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen,Quang Vinh Truong,Dinh Duong Le,Viet Nguyen Sa Le,Ngoc Thanh Cao 대한내분비학회 2018 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.33 No.4

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies among reproductive-age women. Its metabolic features often overlap with those associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance syndrome (IRS). Theobjective of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of MS and IRS in infertile Vietnamese women with PCOS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary fertility centre at Hue University Hospital from June 2016 to November 2017. A total of 441 infertile women diagnosed with PCOS based on the revised 2003 Rotterdam consensus criteria were enrolled. MS and IRS were defined based on the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association Adult Treatment Panel III 2005 and American College of Endocrinology IRS 2003 criteria, respectively. Complete clinical and biochemicalmeasurements of 318 women were available for analysis. Independent predictors of MS and IRS were identified using multivariatelogistic regression. Results: The overall prevalence of MS and IRS in women with PCOS was 10.4% and 27.0%, respectively. We identified older age(>30 years) and obesity as independent predictors of MS and IRS. Elevated anti-Müllerian hormone levels increased the risk of IRS,but not that of MS. Conclusion: MS and IRS are prevalent disorders among infertile Vietnamese women with PCOS. PCOS is not solely a reproductiveproblem. Screening and early intervention for MS and/or IRS based on anthropometric, metabolic, and reproductive hormone riskfactors should be an integral part of fertility care.

The manufacturing of sintered bricks from clay and red mud derived from the alumina processing plant

Ngoc Tuyen Tran,Duc Vu Quyen Nguyen,Van Minh Hai Ho,Xuan Tin Dang,Ngoc Quang Tran 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2017 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.18 No.5

In this study, the manufacturing of sintered bricks from clay and red mud was presented. The initial materials and obtainedbricks were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and differential scanning calorimetry-thermal gravimetry (DSC-TG). The compressivestrength, water absorption, bulk density and sintering shrinkage of sintered bricks were performed. The effects of componentsof raw materials, sintering temperature and time on physico-mechanical properties of the products was investigated. Theresults showed that the bricks prepared at 1000 oC for 1 hr with raw material containing up to 50% of red mud providedexcellent physico-mechanical properties. The obtained brick met the Vietnam standard VS1451-1998 and was satisfied theconstruction material requirements that were safe to human’s health and friendly with environment in terms of alkalineleaching and radioactivity indexes.

The Growing Problem of Radiologist Shortage: Vietnam’s Perspectives

Vu Luu Dang,Nguyen Hang Thi Thu,Nguyen Trang Ngoc,Pham Thong Minh 대한영상의학회 2023 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.24 No.11

Isolated Anomalous Right Coronary Artery From the Pulmonary Artery in the Elderly: The Role of Functional Echocardiographic Assessment

Vu Phuc Nang,Pham Thuy Thuc Minh,Nguyen Linh Pham Thuy,Nguyen Khanh Ngoc Nha,Pham Vinh Nguyen 아시아심장혈관영상의학회 2022 Cardiovascular Imaging Asia Vol.6 No.2

A 65-year-old male was admitted with atypical fatigue and mild pedal edema. He was diagnosed with anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery on transthoracic echocardiography and multi-slice computed tomography. Advanced functional echocardiography showed good biventricular function. The patient tolerated optimal medical treatment, and no further surgery was necessary.

Appropriation of Protocol for Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy in Treatment of Periampullary Cancer

( Minh Hai Pham ),( Quan Anh Tuan Le ),( Hoang Bac Nguyen ),( Quang Hung Vu ),( Thai Ngoc Huy Tran ),( Hang Dang Khoa N Guyen ),( Thi Ngoc Sang Duong ),( Van Toan Tran ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) is considered as a safe and effective procedure in well - selected patients and appropriate surgical technique. Our aim is to evaluate suitability of using protocol for LPD in treatment of periampullary cancer at a single team. Methods: case series Results: Indication for LPD included 37 cases with resectable tumors which were classified basing on NCCN. All witness evaluation risk of complications with PREPARE score, ASA and evaluation risk of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) with FRS classification. There were 2 open conversions because of vein resections, accounting for 5.4%. Standard lymphadenectomy was performed in all of 37 cases. In term of PREPARE score, major complications (Clavien - Dindo >= III) were 17.8%, 0% and 0% (5/28, 0/5 and 0/2 cases) in low risk, intermediate risk and high risk group, respectively. All of cases had ASA I or II. POPF happened 11.1% (1/9), 4.1% (1/24) and 50% (1/2) in low risk, intermediate risk and high risk group, respectively. Frozen section was needed for R0 margin. Retrieved lymph nodes was 8 - 18 with 12 lymph nodes in average. Conclusions: Indication for LPD with resectable tumors is acceptable. ASA I or II is a safe measure to select patient for LPD. FRS classification shows appropriation to evaluate risk of POPF.

Thinning and drilling laser-assisted hatching in thawed embryo transfer: A randomized controlled trial

Le, Minh Tam,Nguyen, Thi Tam An,Nguyen, Thi Thai Thanh,Nguyen, Van Trung,Le, Dinh Duong,Nguyen, Vu Quoc Huy,Cao, Ngoc Thanh,Aints, Alar,Salumets, Andres The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2018 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.45 No.3

Objective: In frozen and thawed embryos, the zona pellucida (ZP) can be damaged due to hardening. Laser-assisted hatching (LAH) of embryos can increase the pregnancy rate. This study compared thinning and drilling of the ZP before frozen embryo transfer (FET). Methods: Patients were randomly allocated into two groups for LAH using thinning or drilling on day 2 after thawing. Twenty-five percent of the ZP circumference and 50% of the ZP thickness was removed in the thinning group, and a hole $40{\mu}m$ in diameter was made in the drilling group. Results: A total of 171 in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection FET cycles, including 85 cycles with drilling LAH and 86 cycles with thinning LAH, were carried out. The thinning group had a similar ${\beta}$-human chorionic gonadotropin-positive rate (38.4% vs. 29.4%), implantation rate (16.5% vs. 14.4%), clinical pregnancy rate (36.0% vs. 25.9%), miscarriage rate (5.8% vs. 2.4%), ongoing pregnancy rate (30.2% vs. 23.5%), and multiple pregnancy rate (7.0% vs. 10.6%) to the drilling LAH group. There were no significant differences in pregnancy outcomes between subgroups defined based on age (older or younger than 35 years) or ZP thickness (greater or less than $17{\mu}m$) according to the LAH method. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that partial ZP thinning or drilling resulted in similar outcomes in implantation and pregnancy rates using thawed embryos, irrespective of women's age or ZP thickness.

Does conventional freezing affect sperm DNA fragmentation?

Le, Minh Tam,Nguyen, Thai Thanh Thi,Nguyen, Tung Thanh,Nguyen, Trung Van,Nguyen, Tam An Thi,Nguyen, Quoc Huy Vu,Cao, Thanh Ngoc The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2019 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.46 No.2

Objective: Sperm cryopreservation has been widely used in assisted reproductive technology, as it offers great potential for the treatment of some types of male infertility. However, cryopreservation may result in changes in membrane lipid composition and acrosome status, as well as reductions in sperm motility and viability. This study aimed to evaluate sperm DNA fragmentation damage caused by conventional freezing using the sperm chromatin dispersion test. Methods: In total, 120 fresh human semen samples were frozen by conventional methods, using SpermFreeze Solution as a cryoprotectant. Routine semen analysis and a Halosperm test (using the Halosperm kit) were performed on each sample before freezing and after thawing. Semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation were compared between these groups. Results: There was a significant decrease in sperm progressive motility, viability, and normal morphology after conventional freezing (32.78%, 79.58%, and 3.87% vs. 16%, 55.99%, and 2.55%, respectively). The sperm head, midpiece, and tail defect rate increased slightly after freezing. Furthermore, the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was significantly higher after thawing than before freezing (19.21% prior to freezing vs. 22.23% after thawing). Significant increases in the DFI after cryopreservation were observed in samples with both normal and abnormal motility and morphology, as well as in those with normal viability. Conclusion: Conventional freezing seems to damage some sperm parameters, in particular causing a reduction in sperm DNA integrity.