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Rhyu, Mun Gan,Kim, Jin Wou,Park, Chul Jong,Kim, Chung Won,Yi, Jong Yuk THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF KOREA 1997 Bulletin of The Catholic Research Institutes of Me Vol.25 No.-
IL-4 and IFN-γ gene expressions in peripheral mononuclear cells(PBMC) were compared by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (semi-quantitative RT-PCR) between atopic dermatitis(AD) patients showing high serum IgE level and those showing low serum IgE level. The subjects of this study were 15 cages; 5 AD patients with high serum IgE(>2,000kU/l), 5 AD patients with low serum IgE(<100kU/l), and 5 healthy controls. Cultures of PBMC were harvested at 0 hr(unstimulated), 3 hr, 6 hr, 12 hr, and 24 hr(stimulated). Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in combination with calcium ionophore A231879(PMA / CA) was used as a stimulant. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed. The results were as follws; 1) IL-4 gene expression in unstimulated PBMC was higher at AD patient groups than at control group but statistically higher only at AD patient group with high serum IgE level than at control group (P<0.05). 2) IFN-γ gene expression in unstimulnted PBMC was higher at AD patient groups than at control group without statistical significance. 3) IL-4 mRNA was first detected at 3 hr after stimulation in vitro and persisted until 6 hr, and slowly decreased in all three groups. IL-4 gene expression was higher at 3 hr than at 12 hr or 24 hr in AD patient group with high IgE level(P<0.05). 4) IFN-γ gene expression was first detected at 3 hr and Persisted until 24 hr. IFN-γ gene expression was lower at 24hr than at 3 hr, 6hr, and 12hr in AD patient group with low IgE level(P<0.05). 5) IL-4 and IFN-γ gene expressions in stimulated PBMC were not different among all three groups. In light of our results, it is suggested that T cells of AD patients are more activated in vivo because IL-4 and IFN-γ gene expressions are increased at AD patient groups than at control group. Since there are no differences of IL-4 and IFN-γ gene expressions in PBMC stimulated with PMA / CA, it may be suggested that AD is not characterized by the shift in the reciprocal relationship between IL-4 and IFN-γ production when T cells are stimulated under antigen presenting cell - independent conditions.
Rhyu, Mun Gan,Kim, Chung Won,Yi, Jong Yuk,Kim, Jin Woo,Park, Chul Jong 대한피부과학회 2001 Annals of Dermatology Vol.13 No.2
Background : It is not yet clear whether the abnormal cytokine production in relation to serum IgE levels in atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with the amount of mRNA of cytokine gene. Objective : Our purpose was to delineate the effect of reciprocal correlation in the level of mRNA between interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in severe AD. Methods : We examined 1S cases including 5 AD patients with high serum IgE ($gt;2,000 kU /liter), 5 AD patients with low serum IgE ($lt;100 kU/liter), and 5 healthy controls. Using semi quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, IL-4 and IFN-γ gene expressions in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) were examined. Results : 1) IL-4 gene expression in spontaneous PBMC was higher in AD patient groups than in control group, significantly higher only in AD patient group with high serum IgE level (p $lt; 0.05 ). 2) IFN-γ gene expression in spontaneous PBMC showed increased tendency in AD patient groups than in control group without statistical significance. 3) IL-4 and IFN-γ gene expressions in stimulated PBMC were not different among all three groups. Conclusion : In light of our results, high and low IgE subgroups in AD can exist and AD may not be characterized by the shift in the reciprocal relationship between IL-4 and IFN-γ when T cells are stimulated under antigen presenting cell-independent conditions.
유문간(Mun-Gan Rhyu),김진(Jin Kim),이원철(Won Chul Lee),주천기(Choun-Ki Joo),박조현(Cho-Hyun Park),권오주(Oh-Joo Kwon),김명석(Myung-Suk Kim) 한국의학교육학회 1999 Korean journal of medical education Vol.11 No.2
Over the past years, university administrators have known how hard it is to transform into the modern university. Rigid in-bred research system, narrow interest, unworkable graduate programs are complicatedly woven into a network of academic fraction. Cronyism and protectionism flood various laboratories and research institutes affiliated with the university. Until recently, the department structure of medical school has steadfastly guarded its territory and refused to allow non-medical undergraduate students to apply for the graduate schools of medical science. The graduate schools in medical science are considered just extra appendages because most of graduate students should be engaged in hard work position such as junior faculty or residentship training course of university hospital. In the present environment of graduate program, medical schools are consequently not able to bring in full-time young researchers, but only recently has its door been open for others. It should be time to reorganize the medical school graduate course into large multidisciplinary research group by expanding graduate programs.
The length of CpG islands is associated with the distribution of <i>Alu</i> and L1 retroelements
Kang, Moo-Il,Rhyu, Mun-Gan,Kim, Young-Ho,Jung, Yu-Chae,Hong, Seung-Jin,Cho, Chul-Soo,Kim, Hye-Soo Elsevier 2006 Genomics Vol.87 No.5
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><I>Alu</I> and L1 retroelements have been suggested to initiate the spread of CpG methylation. In this study, the spread of CpG methylation was estimated based on the distance between the CpG islands and the nearest retroelements. All human genes (23,116) were examined and the correlations between the length of the CpG islands and the distance and density of the confronting retroelements were examined using nonoverlapping 5-kb windows. There was a linear relationship between the length of the CpG islands and the density of the <I>Alu</I> elements and an inverse relationship between the CpG islands and the L1 elements located more distantly, suggesting a suppressive effect of the <I>Alu's</I> on the spread of L1 methylation. Methylation analysis of the transitional CpG sites between the CpG islands and the nearest retroelements upstream of 16 genes was then carried out using DNA preparations from 11 different human tissues. Methylation-variable transitional CpGs were observed for the selected genes and the different tissues.</P>