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Regional Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the Republic of Korea, 2007-2011
( Geun Yong Kwon ),( Hyung Min Lee ),( Jin Gwack ),( Sang Won Lee ),( Moran Ki ),( Seung Ki Youn ) 대한소화기학회 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.4
Background/Aims: In Korea, hepatitis C is included as an infectious disease in a sentinel surveillance system. Recently, a large variation in hepatitis C incidence between different regions in Korea has been noticed. The current study verified the nationwide distribution of hepatitis C infection for effective prevention and management. Methods: We counted the number of hepatitis C patients who visited a hospital per county using the National Health Insurance database from 2007 to 2011. The age-adjusted prevalence ratio was used, and the age adjustment method was used as an indirect standardization method. Disease mapping and spatial analysis were conducted using a geographic information system. Results: The annual prevalence of diagnosed hepatitis C was approximately 0.12% to 0.13% in Korea. The age-adjusted prevalence ratios in Busan, Jeonnam, and Gyeongnam were high (1.75, 1.4, and 1.3, respectively). The three regions in the southern coastal area of the Korean Peninsula were identified as a high-prevalence cluster (Moran`s index, 0.3636). Conclusions: The present study showed that hepatitis C infection has very large regional variation, and there are several high-risk areas. Preventive measures focusing on these areas should be applied to block the transmission of hepatitis C and reduce the disease burden. (Gut Liver 2014;8:428-432)
Moran Ki 한국역학회 2020 Epidemiology and Health Vol.42 No.-
In about 20 days since the diagnosis of the first case of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Korea on January 20, 2020, 28 cases have been confirmed. Fifteen patients (53.6%) of them were male and median age of was 42 years (range, 20-73). Of the confirmed cases, 16, 9, and 3 were index (57.2%), first-generation (32.1%), and second-generation (10.7%) cases, respectively. All first-generation and second-generation patients were family members or intimate acquaintances of the index cases with close contacts. Fifteen among 16 index patients had entered Korea from January 19 to 24, 2020 while 1 patient had entered Korea on January 31, 2020. The average incubation period was 3.9 days (median, 3.0), and the reproduction number was estimated as 0.48. Three of the confirmed patients were asymptomatic when they were diagnosed. Epidemiological indicators will be revised with the availability of additional data in the future. Sharing epidemiological information among researchers worldwide is essential for efficient preparation and response in tackling this new infectious disease.
Moran Xu,Changping Li,Rendi Kurniawan,Jielin Chen,Tae Jo Ko 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.10
The machinability of the hybrid machining method for electrical discharge assisted milling (EDAM) has been validated in previous research. The influence of three different dielectrics (kerosene, EDM oil, and deionized water) on the performance of the EDAM was investigated in this study. An analysis of the discharged signal, surface morphology, and elemental composition of the electrode under different machining parameters reveals the influence of different dielectrics. The results show that compared with deionized water, kerosene and EDM oil have a higher discharge frequency. After long-term discharge, debris and carbides will be generated during processing, which will affect the microhardness and discharge stability of the processed material. Among the result of EDAM, EDM oil produced the best surface integrity, with surface roughness values 34.93%, 87.92%, and 121.68% lower than those of kerosene, deionized water, and conventional milling (CM), respectively. The results show that EDAM reduces the microhardness after machining by reducing the plastic deformation of the surface.
Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Korean Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Big Data Analysis
( Moran Ki ),( Hwa Young Choi ),( Bo Hyun Kim ),( Joong-won Park ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1
Aims: The Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and/or its individual componentshave been linked to the development of various cancers. Recentstudies have suggested MetS as a risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). However, the association between MetS and HCC is incontroversial especially in an HBV- and HCV-endemic area. We evaluatedthe association between the MetS and HCC in Korea.Methods: The HCC incidences according to the MetS were analyzedin general population by using the Health Examination Cohort dataof National Health Insurance. We followed all 112,794 people whowere 40-79 years old and had health examination in 2002 or 2003.According to limited source justification, the criteria for MetS areas follows: BMI 25+, hypertension SBP 130+ or DBP 85+, fastingblood glucose (FBG) 100mg/dL+ and total cholesterol (TC) 240mg/dL+. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used.Results: Out of 112,794 people, 40,443(35.9%) had one,26,410(23.4%) had two, 19,874(17.6%) had three, and 1,604(1.4%)had four components of MetS. HCC incidence rates for 10 yearswere 1.27% for one, 1.38% for two, 0.59% for three, and 1.12%for four components groups of MetS. Univariate analysis on risk ofHCC showed significant results with hypertension (HR: 1.184), FBG(HR: 1.256) and TC (HR: 0.676). However, after adjusting for age,sex, alcohol drinking, and viral hepatitis (B and/or C), only TC (HR:0.717) showed a significant result. After excluding TC which showedprotective effect, adjusted HRs of BMI, FBG, and hypertension werenot significant (1.016, 1.046 and 1.038, respectively).Conclusions: MetS may not be a significant risk for HCC developmentin a Korean population-based study. A subsequent analysis of theHCC risk and MetS is currently under way in the second set includingdata of triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol.
Moran Xu,Rong Wei,Changping Li,Rendi Kurniawan,Jielin Chen,Tae Jo Ko 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.2
Previous research had validated the machinability of the new machining method of electrical discharge assisted milling (EDAM). However, the EDAM tool has shortcomings, such as its inability to compensate for the electrodes and small discharge area, which restricted further popularization and applications of the method. So, this research introduced a high frequency EDAM (HF-EDAM), based on a novel tool with flexible electrodes. Notably, the material removal mechanism of HF-EDAM under different machining parameters was deeply explored in this study. In particular, the discharge signal, electrode and workpiece surface topographies, cutting force, tool wear, and machined-surface integrity of HF-EDAM were analyzed to find the machining mechanism of HF-EDAM under different machining parameters. At the same time, a two-dimensional cutting force model of HF-EDAM was also established, and a series of experiments showed that the model had good prediction accuracy for cutting forces. Furthermore, the experiments also showed that the HF-EDAM greatly reduced the cutting force and tool wear, and improved the machined-surface integrity as compared to those under CM, respectively. In essence, the excellent machinability of HF-EDAM was verified by experiments and modeling. Hence, HF-EDAM is an effective method for high-quality and efficient machining of titanium alloys, which are difficult to machine.
2015 MERS outbreak in Korea: hospital-to-hospital transmission
Moran Ki 한국역학회 2015 Epidemiology and Health Vol.37 No.-
The distinct characteristic of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea is that it not only involves intra-hospital transmission, but it also involves hospital-to-hospital transmission. It has been the largest MERS outbreak outside the Middle East, with 186 confirmed cases and, among them, 36 fatal cases as of July 26, 2015. All confirmed cases are suspected to be hospital-acquired infections except one case of household transmission and two cases still undergoing examination. The Korean health care system has been the major factor shaping the unique characteristics of the outbreak. Taking this as an opportunity, the Korean government should carefully assess the fundamental problems of the vulnerability to hospital infection and make short- as well as long-term plans for countermeasures. In addition, it is hoped that this journal, Epidemiology and Health, becomes a place where various topics regarding MERS can be discussed and shared.