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Steven D. Branston,Emma C. Stanley,John M. Ward,Eli Keshavarz-Moore 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.3
Bacteriophages are naturally infectious particles that replicate extremely efficiently in their bacterial hosts. Consequently, a facility processing bioproducts from a bacterial strain would be typically expected to focus on avoiding bacteriophage contamination. However, bacteriophages themselves are now showing great promise as a whole new class of industrial agents, such as biologically based nano-materials, delivery vectors and antimicrobials. This therefore raises a new challenge for their large-scale manufacture, potentially in contracted facilities shared with the host organism. The key issue is that knowledge of individual bacteriophage behaviour in the face of physical and chemical challenges is frequently incomplete, complicating decision-making regarding their safe introduction to a facility. This study tackles this issue for the filamentous bacteriophage M13. It was found that experimentation to determine an effective decontamination agent was important:Two of the three tested were ineffective. Virkon was considered to be the disinfectant of choice. Bacteriophage M13 was confirmed to be highly desiccation resistant,exhibiting a half-life of up to 120 days. Conversely, it was completely inactivated by strongly acidic and alkaline conditions and by temperatures above 95oC. By understanding the response of a bacteriophage to these challenges, steps towards their sustainable manufacture can be achieved.
Welfare Effects of Introducing Antidumping Procedures in a Trade-Liberalizing Country
Moore, Michael O.,Suranovic, Steven M. 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 1994 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.9 No.2
We analyze the national welfare consequences of trade liberalization when accompanied by the introduction of a resource-using antidumping process. The final welfare effect of liberalization depends critically on parameters that define the anti-dumping process, especially the size of the anti-dumping duties, the probability that a petition will be granted and the industry-incurred cost of seeking protection. Using a numerical simulation we generate liberalization scenarios which result in national welfare losses. We use these results to suggest ways to better assure that the reform of trade procedures results in a welfare improvement.
Andre M. Samuel,Harold G. Moore,Avani S. Vaishnav,Steven McAnany,Todd Albert,Sravisht Iyer,Yoshihiro Katsuura,Catherine Himo Gang,Sheeraz A. Qureshi 대한척추신경외과학회 2019 Neurospine Vol.16 No.3
Objective: Cervical disc replacement (CDR) is an effective long-term treatment for both cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy. However, there may be unique differences in the early postoperative clinical improvement for patients with and without myelopathy. In addition, previous studies using CDR to treat cervical myelopathy were underpowered to determine risk factors for relatively postoperative medical complications. Methods: Two different cohorts were studied. A local cohort of patients undergoing CDR by a single surgeon was utilized to study the early postoperative course of clinical improvement. In addition, a national cohort of patients undergoing CDR in the 2015 and 2016 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was utilized to study differences in postoperative medical complications after CDR. Patients with a preoperative diagnosis of cervical myelopathy were identified in both cohorts, and perioperative outcomes and complications were compared to patients without myelopathy. Results: A total of 43 patients undergoing CDR were included in the institutional cohort, of those 16 patients (37% of cohort) had a preoperative diagnosis of cervical myelopathy. A total of 3,023 patients undergoing CDR were included in the national cohort, of those 411 (13% of cohort) had a preoperative diagnosis of cervical myelopathy. In the institutional cohort, the nonmyelopathy group had a lower initial Neck Disability Index (NDI) and saw a faster improvement in NDI by 2 weeks postoperative. However, at 24 weeks there was no significant difference between groups in terms of NDI. Interestingly, only the nonmyelopathy cohort had a significant improvement in modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score by 6 weeks (p<0.05). In the national cohort, myelopathy was associated with longer operative time and length of stay (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in perioperative complications (p>0.05) between myelopathy and nonmyelopathy patients. Conclusion: Significant improvements in NDI, visual analogue scale (VAS)-arm pain, and VAS-neck pain are seen in both myelopathy and nonmyelopathy populations undergoing CDR by 6 weeks postoperatively. However, nonmyelopathy populations improve faster by 2 weeks postoperatively. In the national cohort analysis, medical complications were similarly low in both myelopathy and nonmyelopathy groups.
Some recent extreme wind events in New Zealand
R. Turner,M. Revell,S. Reese,S. Moore,S. Reid 한국풍공학회 2012 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.15 No.2
Damaging winds, associated with a variety of weather phenomena, are frequently experienced in New Zealand. Observations and modelling of two recent extreme wind events; the Taranaki tornado outbreak of July 2007, and the Greymouth down-slope easterly wind storm of July 2008 are described in detail here. Post-event engineering damage surveys, rare for New Zealand, were done for these storms and the results are summarized here. Finally, the issue of sampling extreme wind events is raised and the need to include detailed numerical modelling analysis to understand wind gust climatologies at observing sites and extending these to wider regions is discussed.