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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Emma C. Stanley (검색결과 2 건)
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Chen, Chang-Hui,Ravenhill, Emma R.,Momotenko, Dmitry,Kim, Yang-Rae,Lai, Stanley C. S.,Unwin, Patrick R. American Chemical Society 2015 Langmuir Vol.31 No.43
<P>The electrochemical detection of a single nanoparticle (NP) at a support electrode can provide key information on surface chemistry and fundamental electron transfer (ET) properties at the nanoscale. This study employs scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) as a fluidic device to both deliver individual citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and study the interactions between them and a range of alkanethiol-modified Au electrodes with different terminal groups, namely, −COOH, −OH, and −CH<SUB>3</SUB>. Single NP collisions were detected through the AuNP-mediated ET reaction of Fe(CN)<SUB>6</SUB><SUP>4–/3–</SUP> in aqueous solution. The collision frequency, residence time, and current–time characteristics of AuNPs are greatly affected by the terminal groups of the alkanethiol. Methods to determine these parameters, including the effect of the instrument response function, and derive ET kinetics are outlined. To further understand the interactions of AuNPs with these surfaces, atomic force microscopy (AFM) force measurements were performed using citrate-modified Au-coated AFM tips and the same alkanethiol-modified Au substrates in aqueous solution at the same potential bias as for the AuNP collision experiments. Force curves on OH-terminated surfaces showed no repulsion and negligible adhesion force. In contrast, a clear repulsion (on approach) was seen for COOH-terminated surface and adhesion forces (on retract) were observed for both COOH- and CH<SUB>3</SUB>-terminated surfaces. These interactions help to explain the residence times and collision frequencies in AuNP collisions. More generally, as the interfacial properties probed by AFM appear to be amplified in NP collision experiments, and new features also become evident, it is suggested that such experiments provide a new means of probing surface chemistry at the nanoscale.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2015/langd5.2015.31.issue-43/acs.langmuir.5b03033/production/images/medium/la-2015-03033w_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la5b03033'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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Steven D. Branston,Emma C. Stanley,John M. Ward,Eli Keshavarz-Moore 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.3
Bacteriophages are naturally infectious particles that replicate extremely efficiently in their bacterial hosts. Consequently, a facility processing bioproducts from a bacterial strain would be typically expected to focus on avoiding bacteriophage contamination. However, bacteriophages themselves are now showing great promise as a whole new class of industrial agents, such as biologically based nano-materials, delivery vectors and antimicrobials. This therefore raises a new challenge for their large-scale manufacture, potentially in contracted facilities shared with the host organism. The key issue is that knowledge of individual bacteriophage behaviour in the face of physical and chemical challenges is frequently incomplete, complicating decision-making regarding their safe introduction to a facility. This study tackles this issue for the filamentous bacteriophage M13. It was found that experimentation to determine an effective decontamination agent was important:Two of the three tested were ineffective. Virkon was considered to be the disinfectant of choice. Bacteriophage M13 was confirmed to be highly desiccation resistant,exhibiting a half-life of up to 120 days. Conversely, it was completely inactivated by strongly acidic and alkaline conditions and by temperatures above 95oC. By understanding the response of a bacteriophage to these challenges, steps towards their sustainable manufacture can be achieved.
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