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        Evaluating Kinetics of Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocellulose by Fractal Kinetic Analysis

        Mingjing Yao,Zhilong Wang,Zhenqiang Wu,Hanshi Qi 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.6

        The effects of impacting factors, including cellulase loading, operation temperature, product glucose inhibition, and high solid pretreated biomass loading were examined systemically on the enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose (dilute acid pretreated corn stover) in the presence and absence of tri-block copolymer L64 (also referred to polymeric nonionic surfactant). The complex kinetics of enzymatic saccharification of cellulose were subjected to fractal kinetic analysis based on a fractal kinetic model, which is described with fractal kinetic parameters of the rate constant and fractal exponent. The results indicate that glucose inhibition including high lignocellulose loading is indexed by decreasing rate constant while lignin inhibition and high operation temperature is indexed by increasing fractal exponent. The effect of a nonionic surfactant on the enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose mainly contributed to the elimination of lignin inhibition by decreasing the corresponding fractal exponent. However, the effect of the nonionic surfactant on cellulase activity and stability was very limited.

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        Compressive Properties of Electron Beam Melted Ti–6Al–4V Porous Meshes with Different Struts Distributions

        Zhiwei Liu,Mingjing Qi,Xiaoyu Qin,Dawei Huang,Xiaoyong Zhang,Xiaojun Yan 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.7

        Structural collapse caused by uneven stress distribution is one of the main failure modes of Electron Beam Melted (EBM)Ti–6Al–4V porous meshes for medical bone implantation. In this paper, two types of porous meshes with different strutsdistributions are fabricated by EBM methods and experimentally studied through uniaxial compression tests. The first type(mesh 1) with simplified struts distribution consists of horizontal, vertical and diagonal struts, which are connected by onenode. The second type (mesh 2) has relatively complicated struts distribution with four structural nodes connected by vertical,horizontal and diagonal struts, and the inclined struts with an angle of 15° to the vertical or horizontal direction. Themechanical properties of solid Ti–6Al–4V alloy are also tested as reference for model-fitting analysis and the test resultsshow that the EBM specimen can achieve comparable tensile strength (1186.5 MPa) and elastic modulus (106.4 GPa) asthat of forging specimen. For the porous meshes, the deformation behavior of the struts along the load orientation is dominatedby buckling mechanism and the deformation behavior of the struts inclined to the load orientation is governed byboth buckling and bending mechanisms. The test results indicate that mesh 1 with relatively less inclined struts can achievebetter compressive resistance than mesh 2 when taking the factor of mesh density into consideration. Such results indicate asimple yet meaningful view that struts distributions of the porous meshes should be designed and optimized based on theirstress distribution conditions.

      • KCI등재

        Evolution Behavior of M23C6 Carbides Under Different Hot Deformation Conditions in Alloy 602 CA

        Xiaoyu Qin,Xiaojun Yan,Dawei Huang,Xiaoyong Zhang,Mingjing Qi,Stephen Yue 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.6

        Alloy 602 CA is a M23C6carbides strengthened Nickel-based superalloy. In this alloy, M23C6is different from that found inother superalloys because of its high volume fraction, wide size distribution and distinct precipitation locations. To investigateM23C6evolution behaviors during hot deformation in Alloy 602 CA, a series of tests are carried out in this study. Thetest temperature ranges from 900 to 1100 °C and strain rate ranges from 0.001 to 0.1 s−1, with a true strain of 0.7. It is foundthat hot deformation of the material decreases the distance between carbides which leads merging happening to changethe morphology of primary M23C6. Secondary carbides mainly come from the dissolution of large primary carbides andprecipitate along grain boundaries and twin boundaries which impede dynamic recrystallization (DRX) from happening. Volume fractions of M23C6decrease from 900 to 1100 °C. At 900 °C and 1100 °C, the precipitation equilibrium is reachedin the preheating period before hot deformation and deformation only change the size distribution of carbides. 1000 °C isa transition temperature where the volume fraction decreases as strain rate increases. The temperature rise initiated by adiabaticheating has a great influence on this precipitation behavior.

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