Culture and Corporate Social Responsibility : A Comparative Analysis of the U.S. and China’s Fortune Global 500 Company Websites

( Cui Meadows ) 한국PR학회 2017 AJPR Vol.1 No.1

This study revealed the differences of corporate social responsibility (CSR) presentation through a content analysis of 174 American and Chinese corporate websites. The findings showed that websites of the U.S. companies on the Fortune Global 500 list demonstrated more thorough CSR representation than their Chinese counterparts. Specifically, the U.S. websites focused on the majority of the CSR topics such as environment, diversity and equal opportunity, charitable giving, and volunteering. On the other hand, Chinese websites seemed to focus on a limited number of CSR themes. The findings also revealed cultural differences of the CSR communication between the two countries. Chinese company websites display more power distance, collectivism, long-term orientation than the U.S. company websites. On the other hand, the U.S. company websites displayed more uncertainty avoidance than their Chinese counterparts. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The Challenge of Using Multicultural Education in Predominately White Early Childhood Classrooms

Mikki Meadows,Joo Hi Lee 한국유아교육학회 2002 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Vol.8 No.2

This qualitative study examined white teachers‘ reactions to the challenge of using multicultural education within predominately white classrooms. Two research questions were addressed: 1) What are the personal constructs of teachers regarding their Whiteness 2) How do constructs of Whiteness influence multicultural education in a predominately white classroom? Sixteen professionals from the Midwest United States participated in a multicultural course. Data were collected from participant journals, transcripts of the course discussions, and observation periods. The Constant Comparative Model of analysis was used. As data were gathered, analysis occurred simultaneously. The interplay between Whiteness and Midwestern culture was the core concept of the study. Supplemental categories were also generated which addressed struggles faced by the participants when attempting to use multicultural education. When Whiteness and multicultural education were approached while framing instruction within Midwest ideology, participants were more willing to engage in personal introspection and an examination of educational resources.

Green marketing of apparel: consumers’ price sensitivity to environmental marketing claims

Celia Stall-Meadows,Anne Davey 한국마케팅과학회 2013 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.4 No.1

Green or environmentalmarketing claims have increased in recent years because of potentiallyhigher profits for companies. The aimof this study was to identify the environmentalmarketing claims forwhich consumers arewilling to pay higher prices. The specific claimsinvestigated in this study were: using organic fibers or recycled textile fibers; sustainablemanufacturing; companies donating to green organizations; and using fair trade and laborpractices. A quantitative survey of college students in the Midwestern US revealed that acompany’s environmental marketing claims – particularly with regard to manufacturingwith organic fibers and donating to green organizations – resulted in decreased consumerprice sensitivity. The theory of reasoned action served as the framework for the study. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for further research are presented.

Constructing Evidence Within the Qualitative Project

LYNN M. MEADOWS,JANICE M. MORSE 질적연구학회 2005 질적연구학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2005 No.-

Caveats in Using Trotter and Gleser’s (1958) Asian Equations for Stature Estimation

Yangseung Jeong(정양승),Lee Meadows Jantz 대한체질인류학회 2016 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.29 No.3

한국인 뼈가 출토되었을 때 그 사람의 생전 키를 추정하기 위해 Trotter와 Gleser (1958)의 아시아인 공식이 빈번히 사용된다. 하지만 이 공식을 적용하고 그 결과를 해석함에 있어서 어떤 점에 유의해야 하는지, 혹은 이 공식 자체가 가진 한계에 대한 논의는 많이 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 공식을 사용하는 연구자들이 쉽게 간과함으로써 결과의 정확성을 떨어뜨리거나 결과에 대한 오해를 불러올 수 있는 5가지 사안에 대해 주의를 환기하고자 하였다. Trotter와 Gleser는 표준오차 (standard error)에 2를 곱함으로써 95% 신뢰도의 예측범위 (prediction interval)를 구하고자 하였으나 실제 95% 예측범위는 이와 동일하지 않으므로 주의를 요한다. 또한 그들의 연구에 사용된 정강뼈의 계측 방법에 대한 논란이 있는 만큼 정강뼈가 포함된 공식을 사용할 때는 오류의 가능성을 염두에 두어야 한다. 일반적으로 사용되는 Trotter와 Gleser (1958)의 좌우측 평균치 공식(combined equations)은 실제 좌우측 뼈의 평균치를 이용하는 대신 좌측뼈 공식과 우측뼈 공식을 사용하여 개발되었으며 이로 인해 뼈 길이에 따른 일정 정도의 오류가 불가피하게 된다. Trotter와 Gleser (1958)의 공식은 선형회귀분석 방법을 기반으로 개발되었기 때문에 이 연구에 사용된 자료와 비교해 지나치게 크거나 작은 뼈를 이용하여 키를 추정하게 되면 예측하지 못한 오류가 추가로 발생하게 된다. 마지막으로 Trotter와 Gleser (1958)는 남성 공식만을 개발했는데 만약 이 남성 공식을 여성의 뼈에 적용하게 되면 실제 키보다 지나치게 크게 추정하게 되므로 이 공식을 여성 뼈에 적용해서는 안된다. 이 5가지 사안을 염두에 둔다면 Trotter와 Gleser (1958)의 공식을 사용하여 결과를 도출하고 해석함에 있어서 오류를 최소화할 수 있을 것이다. 특히 Trotter와 Gleser의 설명을 정확히 따르는 경우에도 불가피하게 오류가 발생할 수 있는 만큼 연구자들은 최종 결과와 함께 추가적인 오류의 가능성을 논함으로써 결과에 대한 불필요한 오해를 줄여나가야 할 것이다. Trotter and Gleser’s (1958) Asian equations have most frequently been used for stature estimation of Korean skeletal remains. However, limitations or caveats in using those equations have rarely been argued. This study reviews five issues frequently overlooked in applying the equations and interpreting the outcomes. First, Trotter and Gleser (1958) multiply the standard errors by 2 to obtain the 95% prediction interval (PI). However, there is discrepancy between their calculation and actual PIs, and thus correct method for PI calculation is recommended. Secondly, given the uncertainty about the tibia length measurement, there is a possibility that the tibia-related equations yield biased estimates. Thirdly, since a mathematical error was incorporated in the development process of the combined equations, caution should be taken. Fourthly, extrapolation may cause additional unexpected error in applying regression equations. Therefore, it is necessary to check if a target sample falls within the reference sample range prior to using the equations. Lastly, applying Trotter and Gleser’s (1958) equations to female samples should be avoided because they produce highly biased estimates. The issues discussed in this study will contribute to reducing potential errors associated with application of these equations, and eventually enhancing accuracy of the final stature estimates. If errors are anticipated but unavoidable, discussions about the potential errors should be made to minimize misunderstanding about the outcomes.

Nsk1 ensures accurate chromosome segregation by promoting association of kinetochores to spindle poles during anaphase B

Buttrick, Graham J.,Meadows, John C.,Lancaster, Theresa C.,Vanoosthuyse, Vincent,Shepperd, Lindsey A.,Hoe, Kwang-Lae,Kim, Dong-Uk,Park, Han-Oh,Hardwick, Kevin G.,Millar, Jonathan B. A. The American Society for Cell Biology 2011 Molecular biology of the cell Vol.22 No.23

<P>Type 1 phosphatase (PP1) antagonizes Aurora B kinase to stabilize kinetochore–microtubule attachments and to silence the spindle checkpoint. We screened for factors that exacerbate the growth defect of <I>Δdis2</I> cells, which lack one of two catalytic subunits of PP1 in fission yeast, and identified Nsk1, a novel protein required for accurate chromosome segregation. During interphase, Nsk1 resides in the nucleolus but spreads throughout the nucleoplasm as cells enter mitosis. Following dephosphorylation by Clp1 (Cdc14-like) phosphatase and at least one other phosphatase, Nsk1 localizes to the interface between kinetochores and the inner face of the spindle pole body during anaphase. In the absence of Nsk1, some kinetochores become detached from spindle poles during anaphase B. If this occurs late in anaphase B, then the sister chromatids of unclustered kinetochores segregate to the correct daughter cell. These unclustered kinetochores are efficiently captured, retrieved, bioriented, and segregated during the following mitosis, as long as Dis2 is present. However, if kinetochores are detached from a spindle pole early in anaphase B, then these sister chromatids become missegregated. These data suggest Nsk1 ensures accurate chromosome segregation by promoting the tethering of kinetochores to spindle poles during anaphase B.</P>

Adaptive Smith Predictor for Teleoperation of UAVs with Time-varying Internet Delay

Christopher Thomas,Sun Yi,Shava Meadows,Ryan Sherrill 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.6

Time delay in a networked control system can negatively impact the performance of the system. Dynamic networks with unknown and varying latency such as the Internet are studied. Also, experiments with teleoperation of drones and communication loops through the Internet are conducted. Smith Predictors are well known for their ability to handle time delay. Smith Predictor controllers perform well when modeled accurately and when the delay is known. The proposed method combines a delay estimation technique based on characteristic roots of delay differential equations to measure the delay with an Adaptive Smith Predictor. When the delay parameter is adjusted correctly, the negative effects caused by delay are significantly reduced. The proposed method performs satisfactory for networked systems with unknown delay and the results are validated through simulations and experimentation.

Alk2/ACVR1 and Alk3/BMPR1A Provide Essential Function for Bone Morphogenetic Protein–Induced Retinal Angiogenesis

Lee, Heon-Woo,Chong, Diana C.,Ola, Roxana,Dunworth, William P.,Meadows, Stryder,Ka, Jun,Kaartinen, Vesa M.,Qyang, Yibing,Cleaver, Ondine,Bautch, Victoria L.,Eichmann, Anne,Jin, Suk-Won American Heart Association 2017 Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Vol.37 No.4

<P>Conclusions-Our data identify BMP signaling mediated by coordination of ALK2/ACVR1, ALK3/BMPR1A, and BMPR2 as an essential proangiogenic cue for retinal vessels.</P>