A STUDY OF CURRENT CONCEPT OF PRE SERVICE TEACHERS ON SUSTAINABLE ELECTRICAL ENERGY IN PANGASINAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES

Arlyne C. Marasigan(마라시간),Virgilio U. Manzano(만자노),Tetsuo Isozaki(이소자키),Kim, Gun Do(김건도) 한국아시아학회 2020 아시아연구 Vol.23 No.1

인류를 위한 적합하고 믿을 수 있는 지속가능한 에너지개발 목표는 2015년 UN보고서에서도 주요이슈가 되고 있다. 그러나 여전히 많은 나라에서 물, 공기 오염을 포함, 환경문제를 야기하는 화석연료를 주에너지로 사용하고 있는 현실이다. 본 연구에서는 환경문제 해결에 접근하는 단계로서, 필리핀 Pangasinan 지방 공공교육자들의 지속가능한 에너지전력수급 인식수준과 유용성개념에 대해 연구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 필리핀 Pangasinan 지역 공공교육자 24명이 본 연구에 참가하였으며 3가지 연구영역 모듈로 구성되었다: (1) 전력생성방법 (2) 전력기술과 환경변화 (3) 지속 가능한 사회. 지속가능한 전력에 대한 예비교사들의 인식수준조사를 위해 연구역사 평가도구(Study History Sheet Assessment Instrument)를 활용하였다. 본 연구결과 필리핀 공공준교육자들의 전력에 대한 이해수준은 과학적인 특성과 기전, 사회중요성 정도에 초점 맞춰져 있는 것으로 나타 났으며, 전력과 환경문제에 대한 이해도 수준은 분명한 결과를 보여주지 못했다. 또한 과거 교사들이 사용한 학습법모듈(Electricity and You)에 대해서는 긍정적인 태도를 나타내었으나 지속가능한 전력수급에 대한 문제의식과 비판적 시각으로 어떻게 학습해 갈 것인가에 대한 이해도는 분명하게 나타나지 않았다, 따라서 공공교육자 교육전략에 있어 비판적 시각으로 지속가능한 에너지수급과 사용방법에 대한 유용성개념교육를 보완교육 차원에서 강화시키는 것이 중요할 것으로 제안되어지며 추후 국가간 비교연구가 진행된다면 의미가 클 것으로 사료된다. The warrant of affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all is one of the highlights set forth by the United Nations in a new global Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. However, still many countries across the globe heavily depend on fossil fuel as major source of energy which inadvertently causes certain environmental problems such as air and water pollutions. This study was a step taken towards addressing this environmental issue by studying current concept of pre service teachers on sustainable electrical energy in Pangasinan local government of the philippine using Sustainable Development materials. Twenty-four (24) science pre service teachers belonging Pangasinan local government of Philippines participated in this study. The module used in this study consisted of three parts, namely: (1) how electricity is generated; (2) progress in electrical technology and the environment; and (3) the sustainable society. To examine the pre service educator`s perceptions on sustainable electricity, Study History Sheet assessment instrument was employed. The result indicated that the pre service teacher understanding of electricity before and after the study was mainly focused on scientific aspect and its significance to society. However, no clear connections between electricity and environment were found in the study. In addition, the participants displayed positive impressions on the module (Electricity and You) they studied as well as the learning approaches used by their educators. Nonetheless, deeper understanding about the module including how to learn it critically was not clearly manifested. Hence, This study recommends that remedial teachings be implemented to address the misconceptions of pre service teachers in understanding the concept of sustainable electricity from critical perspective. Compression study will be recommended on the future research with many countries.

STUDY OF CURRENT CONCEPT OF PUBLIC EDUCATION LEARNER ON SUSTAINABLE ELECTRICITY ENERGY IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE

Arlyne C. Marasigan(마라시간),Virgilio U. Manzano(만자노),Tetsuo Isozaki(이소자키),Kim, Gun Do(김건도) 한국아시아학회 2019 아시아연구 Vol.22 No.3

필리핀 사회에서 지속가능한 에너지 개발 분야에 대한 교육의 주도적 역할은 전력수급에 대한 비판적이해 접근과 더불어 국민의 기본 교육과정에서 공공교육의 주요영역이 되고 있으며 전력에너지 수급방법에 대한 통합적 이해와 교육과정강화 차원에서 적절한 연구 접근은 중요한 부분이라 하겠다. 본 연구는 지속가능한 개발모듈(Sustainable Development Module)을 활용하여 필리핀 지방정부 공공교육 초등과정 학습수급자에 대한 에너지개념 평가와 유용성 이해수준에 대한 조사 분석 연구를 진행함으로 추후 전력에너지 수급 교육방향성에 대한 제고점을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 교육수급자 대상 3주간 집중관찰조사와 지속가능개발모듈(SDM)을 활용한 질적연구방법이 적용되었으며, 연구결과 전력에너지수급 교육 모듈에 대한 노출 증가는 교육수급자에게 있어 이전 지식을 바탕으로 사고수준과 행동패턴을 개선시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 전력에너지수급 가치에 대한 필리핀 지방정부 공공 교육학습자들의 이해와 행동패턴은 그들 경험과 대내외적 환경요인에 의해 영향을 받은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 필리핀 지방정부 공공교육기관에서 전력에너지 수급 상황에 대한 더 깊고 폭 넓은 이해를 바탕으로 공적교육정책을 강화하는데 유용한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이며 추후 에너지환경분야 광의적 연구에 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것이다. As a response to the initiative Decade of Education for Sustainable Development in the Philippines, critical understanding about electricity energy has become one of the learning demands expected within the bounds of public basic education under the current K to 12 Curriculum. Hence, relevant approach is required in order for the learners to fully grasp the abstract ideas associated with electricity energy. This study using Sustainable Development (SD) module set out to investigate how primary school learners in one public school in local government of the Philippines understand the concept of electricity (i.e., green electricity). In addition, students’ concept developments on electricity were further explored and analyzed using Study History Sheet (SHS). A qualitative case study methodology was employed where class observation and SD module implementation were conducted in a period of three weeks. Results showed that exposure of the learners to the module about electricity concepts apparently increased their acquisition of a clearer understanding on the various knowledge related to the formal concept of electricity. The understanding of the learners on the value of electricity energy to their life ostensibly comes from their experiences (i.e., inside and outside the school). The study suggested the development of a contextualized module and a flexible assessment template in order to capture much deeper and richer understanding of students about the electricity status in the country.

Developing a Curriculum Model for the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education in a Local Government of the Philippines

Arlyne C Marasigan,Virgilio U Manzano,Gina N Valdez,김건도(Gun Do Kim) 한국아시아학회 2013 아시아연구 Vol.16 No.3

필리핀 정부당국은 2009년 기록물 번호 74번을 근거로 모국어(mother-Tongue)학습을 통한 다중언어교육의 가치를 이슈화하였다. 이러한 연구기록물 발표 동기는 학습자들의 의식개발과 이해를 증진시키기 위해 시행 되였다. 본 연구 목적은 모태구두학습을 통한 다중언어교육의 모델을 개발하고 일상 생활에 접목하기 위해 수행되었으며, 다음과 같은 질문문항들을 통해 연구가 진행되었다. 1. 학교내, 교외에서 사용되는 주 언어가 무엇인가? 2. 교육자는 학습자들의 요구를 충족하기 위해 다양한 교육영역에서 어떤 언어를 선택하여 사용하는가? 3. 교육자는 모국어(mother-Tongue)학습 다중언어교육을 실시하기 위해 어떤 커리큘럼 모델을 활용하는가? 이러한 모델개발은 다양한 교육전공영역에서 교육효과를 강화하는데 도움이 될 것이며 교육자와 교육행정가들에게 좋은 영감과 정책입안에 도움이 될 것이다. 본 연구는 팡가시난(Pangasinan)지역Lucero 초등학생을 대상으로 혼합형 교육연구방법을 활용하여 2011-2012년 사이 연구가 설문과 관찰연구를 통해 실시 되었다. 물론 본 연구는 문서분석과 학급관찰차원에서 한계를 가질 수 있으며, 교사들은 학습자들의 개념이해를 돕기 위해 나선형(Spiral)과 구심형(cncnetric) 커리큘럼 모델을 사용하였다. 교사들은 상호협력적 레슨계획접근법을 활용하는 교수법을 개발하였다. 본 연구는 비교교육분야의 지역연구 영역으로서 본 연구 결과 대부분의 유치원생과 초등학교 저학년 학생들 경우 공식적인 수업시간과 수업 외 활동에서 Bolinao어와 필리피노 그리고 영어를 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. In 2009, the Department of Education of the Philippines issued Memorandum Order No. 74 stating the use of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MLE). The issuance of this memorandum aimed to promote the cognitive development of the learners. This study was conducted in order to develop a model for the institutionalization of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education. Specifically, this study attempted to answer the following questions: 1) what language is being used by the learners in-school and off-school settings-? 2) How do teachers select the language used in teaching the different subject areas to suit the need of the learners? 3) What curriculum model did the teachers use in teaching the Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education? The designed model is envisioned to guide teachers and administrators in promoting lesson study in various subject areas. This study made use of mixed method of educational research, and was conducted in Lucero Elementary School, Bolinao Pangasinan, Philippines for the school year 2011-2012. The researchers observed classes from Kindergarten to Grade 3. The study is limited to class observation and document analysis. The teachers made use of the spiral and concentric curriculum models to help the learners understand the concepts. Teachers developed their lesson using the cooperative lesson planning approach. It was found out in the study that most of the kindergartens and the early graders are using Bolinao and Filipino languages in their formal and informal activities. The teachers utilized the Bolinao, Filipino and English languages as media of instruction. This paper is an area study in the field of comparative education.

A Study on the Sustainable Education Development in Environmental Awareness of Philippine

Arlyne C. Marasigan(마라시간),Virgilio U. Manzano(만자노),Kim, Gun Do(김건도) 한국아시아학회 2018 아시아연구 Vol.21 No.3

지구온난화와 환경오염관련 유네스코(UNESCO)는 지난 10년간을 세계지속가능개발 교육기간으로 선포하고 지속개발가능성을 위한 교육적 공동협력을 진행하고 있다. Green Chemistry 개념을 활용 지속가능한 개발을 가능케 하는 교육시스템과 커리큘럼을 개발하는 것이 주된 이슈였으면 본 연구는 세계적 이슈가 되고 있는 녹색환경교육과 관련 제3세계 필리핀에서 녹색운동 교육 특성과 지속 가능한 환경인지교육개발을 위한 커리큘럼을 개발하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 본 연구 결과 녹색화학 커리큘럼 디자인은 과학적 검정자료와 연구결과물을 바탕으로 통합적 내용을 활용함으로서 더욱 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 학습자들에게 미래에도 지속가능한 삶을 영위 할 수 있는 기술을 습득할 수 있게 해 줄 것이기 때문이다. 과학적인 이론정립과 함께 실습을 통한 교육 SHS(Study History Sheet)와 행정 지침도 대단히 중요한 것으로 간주되었다. 결론적으로 개량화된 녹색환경교육용 요약 평가도구를 적용한 커뮤니케이션 모델개발 패턴이 본 연구의 주요 연구 결과물이라 하겠다. The UNESCO declared 2005-2015 as the Decade for Education of Sustainable Development. Educational Co-research for Sustainability (ECoS) work to develop curricula in Education for Sustainable Development using Green Chemistry concepts. The purpose of this study is to analyze the environmental perception of Filipino students and to develop a curriculum design that could promote philippine education for sustainable development. It was found out in this study that curriculum design in Green Chemistry must facilitate the science education with an integration of quality and the achievement of the 21st century skills. These would enable the students to acquire life skills to allow them to succeed in their future careers. The inclusion of practice, in addition to the theoretical concepts of science, is really significant in the administration of the SHS and modules. A model of communication using a modified One Page Evaluation Instrument is an output of this study.

EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF TWO-PHASE EJECTOR SYSTEM WITH VARYING MIXING CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA USING NATURAL REFRIGERANT $CO_2$

Nakagawa, Masafumi,Marasigan, Ariel R.,Matsukawa, Takanori The Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating 2010 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.18 No.4

The use of two-phase ejector in improving the performance of transcritical $CO_2$ refrigeration system needs further experimental verification particularly the effects of its geometrical design. In this study, experimental data were gathered for ejectors with different mixing cross-sectional areas at different operating temperature and pressure. The results have shown that a smaller mixing area yields higher efficiency due to its higher pressure recovery and entrainment ratio, but its advantages are limited to lower ejector inlet pressure $P_c$. A larger mixing area is required for higher cooling capacity which can be achieved at higher ejector inlet pressure or lower ejector inlet temperature but excessive increase in this area considerably decreases the efficiency of the system. In this study, the ejector with the largest mixing area was the most inefficient and reduced the COP up to 10% compared to most efficient type. It demonstrates the significant effect of ejector's geometrical features, particularly the mixing cross-sectional area and its related geometrical ratio, in the performance of $CO_2$ ejector system. The effect of motive nozzle inlet condition on pressure recovery profile has been more evident for ejector with smaller mixing area while the evaporator temperature has the least effect in the performance of the system. In the conditions used in this study, using ejector yielded a COP improvement of up to 35% compared to the conventional system.

EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF TWO-PHASE EJECTOR SYSTEM WITH VARYING MIXING CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA USING NATURAL REFRIGERANT CO2

MASAFUMI NAKAGAWA,ARIEL R. MARASIGAN,TAKANORI MATSUKAWA 대한설비공학회 2010 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.18 No.4

The use of two-phase ejector in improving the performance of transcritical CO2 refrigeration system needs further experimental verification particularly the effects of its geometrical design. In this study, experimental data were gathered for ejectors with different mixing cross-sectional areas at different operating temperature and pressure. The results have shown that a smaller mixing area yields higher efficiency due to its higher pressure recovery and entrainment ratio, but its advantages are limited to lower ejector inlet pressure Pc. A larger mixing area is required for higher cooling capacity which can be achieved at higher ejector inlet pressure or lower ejector inlet temperature but excessive increase in this area considerably decreases the efficiency of the system. In this study, the ejector with the largest mixing area was the most inefficient and reduced the COP up to 10% compared to most efficient type. It demonstrates the significant effect of ejector's geometrical features, particularly the mixing cross-sectional area and its related geometrical ratio, in the performance of CO2 ejector system. The effect of motive nozzle inlet condition on pressure recovery profile has been more evident for ejector with smaller mixing area while the evaporator temperature has the least effect in the performance of the system. In the conditions used in this study, using ejector yielded a COP improvement of up to 35% compared to the conventional system.

Identity and genetic structure of eggplant fruit and shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée (Lepidoptera:Crambidae) populations in the Philippines inferred from morphological traits and COI sequence data

Mark Gabriel S. Sagarbarria,John Carlo M. Marasigan,Lourdes D. Taylo,Desiree M. Hautea 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.3

Morphological and molecular analysis of 15 Philippine populations of eggplant fruit and shoot borer (EFSB), Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée were conducted to determine if these populations are constituted singly by L. orbonalis or by different species and to assess the level of variability among them. Morphometric analysis of five genital traits of 850 male adult EFSB from field populations and analysis of the COI gene sequence of 879 F1 EFSB larvae from 15 main eggplant-producing provinces identified all individuals as belonging to L. orbonalis. Principal Component Analysis of five morphometric genital characters revealed high similarity among the EFSB populations regardless of geographic location. Thirteen (13) sequence variants (haplotypes) were identified, with one haplotype predominant and widespread throughout the country. The remaining haplotypes occurred rarely and differed from the widespread haplotype by one mutation. Overall, the EFSB populations from Philippines exhibited low nucleotide and haplotype diversity, indicating low genetic diversity. Topologies from a maximum likelihood tree indicate all thirteen haplotypes cluster in a single clade with EFSB populations from India and other South-East Asian countries. Further analysis with the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) method classified the different haplotypes into a single GMYC entity. Combined with morphometric analysis, differences between haplotypes are not suggestive of any subspecies. Negative values of Tajima's D and Fu's Fs tests combined with the phylogenetic analysis and overall low genetic diversity of Philippine populations support the hypothesis that EFSB is not endemic but introduced to the Philippines.

Cytotoxic Effects of Bilberry Extract on MCF7-GFP-Tubulin Breast Cancer Cells

Vy Nguyen,Jessica Tang,Emin Oroudjev,Choong Jae Lee,Cecilia Marasigan,Leslie Wilson,George Ayoub 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.2

Bilberry (European blueberry) has been reported to have many biological effects, including anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative effects of bilberry extract in relation to its ability to induce apoptosis and affect microtubule assembly and organization in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. We observed that bilberry extract inhibited cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent fashion with a 50% inhibitory concentration of 0.3–0.4mg/mL, in concert with induction of apoptotic cell death. At these concentrations there was no selective inhibition of mitosis or any other cell cycle stage, nor was there any apparent effect on the microtubule or actin cytoskeletons. However, somewhat higher extract concentrations (0.5–0.9mg/mL) did cause an increase in the fraction of cells at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, together with destruction of microtubules and formation of punctate tubulin aggregates in the cells. Bilberry extract at 0.3–0.4mg/mL did not appreciably inhibit microtubule polymerization in vitro, but significant inhibition of polymerization (30%) did occur at higher extract concentrations (0.5–1mg/mL). We conclude that bilberry extract as ingested by humans, not just the purified anthocyanins it contains, inhibits proliferation of and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells at its lowest effective concentrations via a mechanism that does not involve action on microtubules or on mitosis. We further conclude that at somewhat higher concentrations the extract modifies microtubule organization in cells and causes accumulation of cells at mitosis by a direct action on microtubules.

Plasma-treated Abaca Fabric/Unsaturated Polyester Composite Fabricated by Vacuum-assisted Resin Transfer Molding

Marissa A. Paglicawan,김병선,Blessie A. Basilia,Carlo S. Emolaga,Delmar D. Marasigan,Paul Eric C. Maglalang 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.1 No.3

To improve the adhesion and wetting between the abaca fibers and matrix, the surface of abaca fabric was modified using plasma polymerization. Different plasma exposure times were conducted to determine the effect of plasma treatment on the properties of the composites. A combination of plasma and other surface modification processes was also investigated to determine whether double treatments could further enhance the properties of these composites. Combined treatments involve plasma polymerization of the fabric after pretreatment with one of the following surface-modification reagents: a) γ -methacrylopropyltrimethylsilane, b) triethoxyvinylsilane, and c) 2%w/w NaOH (aq).The abaca fabric/unsaturated polyester composites were fabricated using the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique.SEM results showed that 10 to 20 seconds plasma treatment gave the right amount of surface roughness for maximum fiber and matrix adhesion leading to improved mechanical properties of the composites. Longer plasma treatment time and double treatment however resulted in composites with lower mechanical properties. Although the composite with alkali and plasma-treated fabric showed the lowest mechanical properties it exhibited the lowest water uptake in both distilled water and brine solution.