Isolation, Characterization and in vitro Evaluation of Specific Bacteriophages Targeting Extensive Drug Resistance Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Septic Burn Wounds

Marashi Seyed Mahmoud Amin,Nikkhahi Farhad,Hamedi Dariush,Shahbazi Gholamhassan 대한감염학회 2022 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.54 No.1

Background Antibiotic resistant bacteria and various infections caused by them especially extensive drug resistance (XDR) strains and worrying statistics of mortality due to these strains and also the lack of a clear vision for development and production of new effective antibiotics have made the necessity of using alternative therapies more apparent. Materials and Methods In this study, specific phages affecting the Pseudomonas aeruginosa XDR strain were extracted from hospital wastewater and their laboratory characteristics along with lysis effect on 40 XDR strains of P. aeruginosa were investigated. Results The results indicated that three isolated phages (PaB1, PaBa2 and PaBa3) belonged to the Myoviridae and Pododoviridae families and were specific to Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. More than 98% of phages absorbed their host in less than 10 minutes (Adsorption time <10 min) and completed their lytic cycle after 40 minutes (latent time = 40 min). Burst size of PaBa1, PaBa2 and PaBa3 was 240, 250 and 220 pfu/cell, respectively. PaBa1 lysed 62.5% of the XDR strains with the highest efficiency. The three Phage cocktail was effective against 67.5% of the studied strains. Conclusion The results of this study indicate the significant potential of these phages for therapeutic use and prophylaxis of infections caused by this bacterium. Background Antibiotic resistant bacteria and various infections caused by them especially extensive drug resistance (XDR) strains and worrying statistics of mortality due to these strains and also the lack of a clear vision for development and production of new effective antibiotics have made the necessity of using alternative therapies more apparent. Materials and Methods In this study, specific phages affecting the Pseudomonas aeruginosa XDR strain were extracted from hospital wastewater and their laboratory characteristics along with lysis effect on 40 XDR strains of P. aeruginosa were investigated. Results The results indicated that three isolated phages (PaB1, PaBa2 and PaBa3) belonged to the Myoviridae and Pododoviridae families and were specific to Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. More than 98% of phages absorbed their host in less than 10 minutes (Adsorption time <10 min) and completed their lytic cycle after 40 minutes (latent time = 40 min). Burst size of PaBa1, PaBa2 and PaBa3 was 240, 250 and 220 pfu/cell, respectively. PaBa1 lysed 62.5% of the XDR strains with the highest efficiency. The three Phage cocktail was effective against 67.5% of the studied strains. Conclusion The results of this study indicate the significant potential of these phages for therapeutic use and prophylaxis of infections caused by this bacterium.

A Scientometric Analysis of 20 Years of Research on Breast Reconstruction Surgery: A Guide for Research Design and Journal Selection

Moghimi, Mehrdad,Fathi, Mehdi,Marashi, Ali,Kamani, Freshteh,Habibi, Gholamreza,Hirbod-Mobarakeh, Armin,Ghaemi, Marjan,Hosseinian-Sarajehlou, Mahdi Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2013 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.40 No.2

Background Breast reconstruction refers to the rebuilding of a woman's breast using autologous tissue or prosthetic material to form a natural-looking breast. It is increasingly offered to women undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer. However, there is no systematic analysis available for the expanding area of research on breast reconstruction. Methods A bibliometric method was used to obtain a view of the scientific production about breast reconstruction by data extracted from the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI). Specific parameters were retrieved from the ISI. Articles about breast reconstruction were analyzed to obtain a view of the topic's structure, history, and document relationships using HistCite software. Trends in the most influential publications and authors were analyzed. Results The number of articles was constantly increasing. Most highly cited articles described the methods of flap construction in the surgery. Other highly cited articles discussed the psychological or emotional aspects of breast reconstruction, skin sparing mastectomy, and breast reconstruction in the irradiated breast. Conclusions This was the first breast reconstruction scientometric analysis, representing the characteristics of papers and the trends of scientific production. A constant increase in the number of breast reconstruction papers and also the increasing number of citations shows that there is an increasing interest in this area of medical science. It seems that most of the research in this field is focused on the technical aspects of surgery.

Optimization of callus induction and shoot regeneration in leaf and stem of Pistacia vera L. and UCB-1 (P. atlantica × P. integerrima)

Nadalizadeh Ghannad Atefeh,Marashi Hassan,Seifi Alireza,Moshiri Fereshte 한국식물생명공학회 2023 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.17 No.5

This study aimed to investigate the callus induction and shoot regeneration to produce rootstock from stems and leaves explants of the Ohadi and UCB-1 pistachio cultivars. Plant growth regulators (PGRs), including combinations of BAP, Kin, IAA, NAA, and 2, 4-D, were added to Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut (DKW) media to induce callus induction and regeneration. Obtained calli were transferred to the DKW medium containing three different concentrations, 2 and 4 mg L−1 of BAP and 1 mg L−1 + 2 mg L−1 of BAP + NAA, to compare the frequency of shoot regeneration. The highest callus induction rate (96%) was observed in the DKW medium supplemented with 2 mg L−1 Kin + 0.5 mg L−1 NAA in the Ohadi stems. The highest callus induction frequency for leaves was obtained in the DKW medium supplemented with 2 mg L−1 BAP + 0.1 mg L−1 2, 4-D concentrations for both UCB-1 (73%) and Ohadi cultivar (71%). The highest shoot regeneration rate in Ohadi stems (41%) and leaves (20%) was observed in the medium supplemented with 2 mg L−1 NAA + 1 mg L−1 BAP. It resulted in significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in callus induction and shoot regeneration between stems and leaves; stems generated more calli and shoots than leaves, and Ohadi significantly (P ≤ 0.05) inducted calli and generated shoots more than UCB-1. Altogether, these regeneration protocols, achieved from stems and leaves of the Ohadi and UCB-1 cultivars, may be helpful in future pistachio genetic transformation.

Conformational Study of Human Serum Albumin in Pre-denaturation Temperatures by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Circular Dichroism and UV Spectroscopy

Rezaei-Tavirani, Mostafa,Moghaddamnia, Seyed Hassan,Ranjbar, Bijan,Amani, Mojtaba,Marashi, Sayed-Amir Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2006 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.39 No.5

Thermal conformational changes of human serum albumin (HSA) in phosphate buffer, 10 mM at pH = 7 are investigated using differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), circular dichroism (CD) and UV spectroscopic methods. The results indicate that temperature increment from $25^{\circ}C$ to $55^{\circ}C$ induces reversible conformational changes in the structure of HSA. Conformational change of HSA are shown to be a three-step process. Interestingly, melting temperature of the last domain is equal to the maximum value of fever in pathological conditions, i.e. $42^{\circ}C$. These conformational alterations are accompanied by a mild alteration of secondary structures. Study of HSA-SDS (sodium dodecyl sulphate) interaction at $45^{\circ}C$ and $35^{\circ}C$ reveals that SDS affects the HSA structure at least in three steps: the first two steps result in more stabilization and compactness of HSA structure, while the last one induces the unfolding of HSA. Since HSA has a more affinity for SDS at $45^{\circ}C$ compared to $35^{\circ}C$, It is suggested that the net negative charge of HSA is decreased in fever, which results in the decrease of HSA-associated cations and plasma osmolarity, and consequently, heat removal via the increase in urine volume.

Conformational Study of Human Serum Albumin in Pre-denaturation Temperatures by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Circular Dichroism and UV Spectroscopy

( Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani ),( Seyed Hassan Moghaddamnia ),( Bijan Ranjbar ),( Mojtaba Amani ),( Sayed Amir Marashi ) 생화학분자생물학회 2006 BMB Reports Vol.39 No.5

Candida non albicans with a High Amphotericin B Resistance Pattern Causing Candidemia among Cancer Patients

Kalantar, Enayatollah,Assadi, Mojan,Pormazaheri, Helen,Hatami, Shiva,Barari, Maryam Agha,Asgari, Esfandiar,Mahmoudi, Elaheh,Kabir, Kourosh,Marashi, Seyed Mahmoud Amin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.24

Background: Many scientists have reported Candida species to be of great concern because of the high frequency that they colonize and infect human hosts, particularly cancer patients. Moreover, in the last decades Candida species have developed resistance to many antifungal agents. Based on this, we aimed to identify and determine the prevalence of Candida spp from blood culture bottles among cancer patients and their antifungal resistance pattern. Materials and Methods: From the blood culture bottles isolation and identification of the Candida spp were performed by conventional microbiological techniques. The in vitro antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by CLSI guidelines. Genomic DNA was isolated and amplified. Each gene was separated by agar gel electrophoresis. Results: Identification of Candida spp was based on the presence of yeast cells in direct examination, culture and DNA extraction. Of the 68 blood samples collected during the study period (April 2013 to October 2013), five (7.35%) were positive for the presence of Candida spp, 2 (40%) of which were identified as Candida albicans and 3 (60%) were Candida non-albicans. Conclusions: High resistance to amphotricin B was observed among all the Candida non-albicans isolates. Regular investigations into antifungal resistance will help us to get an updated knowledge about their antibiotic resistance pattern which may help the physician in selecting the antibiotics for empirical therapy.