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Kabir, M.A.,Khan, M.M.K.,Rasul, M.G. The Korean Society of Rheology 2004 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.16 No.2
Flow in a channel with an obstruction at the entry can be reverse, stagnant or forward depending on the position of the obstruction. These flow phenomena have potential applications in the control of energy and various flows in process engineering. Parameters that affect this flow inside and around the test channel are the gap (g) between the obstruction geometry and the test channel, the Reynolds number (Re) and the length (L) of the test channel. The influence of these parameters on the flow behavior was investigated using a flat plate obstruction at the entry of the channel. A low concentration polyacrylamide solution (0.018% by weight) showing a powerlaw fluid behavior was used as the fluid in this investigation. The flow phenomena were investigated by the velocity measurement and the flow visualization and their results were compared with numerical simulation. These results of low concentration polyacrylamide solution are also compared with the results of water published elsewhere (Kabir et al., 2003). The maximum reverse flow inside the test channel observed was 20% - 30% of the outside test channel velocity at a g/w (gap to width) ratio of 1 for Reynolds numbers of 1000 to 3500. The influence of the test channel length (L) and the Reynolds number (Re) on the velocity ratio ($V_i$/$V_o$: inside velocity/outside velocity in the test channel) are also presented and discussed here.
( Sazzadul Kabir ),( Ashrafuzzamn Gulandaz ),( Nasim Reza ),( Mohammod Ali ),( Shaha Nur Kabir ),( Sun-ok Chung ) 한국농업기계학회 2023 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.28 No.1
Excessive use of pesticide increase production costs and negatively impact on the environment. Increasing spraying effectiveness is one of the major goals of precision variable rate technologies. The technical performance of the nozzle significantly impacts sprayer performance and quality. Analysis of the effects of operating pressure and boom height on spray dispersal and uniformity was the goal of this research. The test bench consisted of four nozzles (NN D-35) and a single-cylinder motor with a four-stroke capacity of 0.72 kW. This self-propelled sprayer was tasted on the ground with 2 km/h speed. Experiments were conducted both in lab and field condition with conventional spray nozzles and water as the test liquid. Tested liquid outflow pressure ranged from 280 to 520 kPa. Depending on the spraying target surface, 35, 45, and 55 cm of working spray boom height were adjusted. The nozzle spacing was 30 cm and the spray angle of the nozzles was 110o. Resultant sprayer nozzle widths with boom heights of 35, 45, and 55 cm caused overlaps of 22.38%, 23.43%, and 24.15% under the lab condition and 24.11%, 26.32%, and 29.37% under field condition. Under the laboratory condition average droplet density levels of 155.38, 159.20, and 168.31 (spots/cm2) were achieved at boom heights of 35, 45, and 55 cm with a speed of 2 km/h, resulting in the spray coverage levels of 23.21%, 26.38%, and 28.35%, respectively. At boom heights of 35, 45, and 55 cm at a speed of 2 km/h, average droplet densities of 138.62, 151.22, and 171.91 (spots/cm2) were obtained under the field yielding spray coverage levels of 24.11%, 26.38%, and 29.37%, correspondingly. Under the both conditions, the 55 cm boom overlapped less than 30%, and the average droplet density and spray coverage in unit area were better than the other two boom heights. It would also be economical and environmentally friendly to use these spraying tools.
Kabir, E.,Kim, K.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2010 Atmospheric environment Vol.44 No.29
The concentrations of seven odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including styrene (S), toluene (T), xylene (X), methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), isobutyl alcohol (i-BuAl), methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), and butyl acetate (BuAc) were measured continuously at hourly intervals from an on-line odor monitoring station in Ansan city, Korea (August 2005 to December 2007). Their concentration data (ppb) exhibited a narrow range of mean values despite large variabilities: 1.33 +/- 8.81, 16.1 +/- 96.6, 3.32 +/- 11.5, 7.45 +/- 10.3, 20.4 +/- 2.38, 1.31 +/- 1.16, and 2.43 +/- 3.02, respectively. However, unlike aromatics, the distribution of other VOCs was characterized by infrequent occurrences, e.g., as large as 97.5% of i-BuAl data below detection limit. Comparison of temporal patterns indicates that aromatic VOCs are the highest in summer, while others tend to peak during fall (or summer). If the relative compositions of these VOCs were compared in terms of odor intensity, their contribution in the study area is unlikely significant as the malodor components. Evaluation of the data suggests that the distribution of the target VOCs should be affected more sensitively by local traffic activities rather than industrial processes in the surrounding area. Nonetheless, the potent roles of these volatile components should not be underestimated with respect to human health.
A study of diamond wire rock cutting process analysis by FEM
Kabir, Mohammed Ruhul,Sagong, Myung,Ahn, Sung-Kwon Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Associatio 2015 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.17 No.6
In this paper diamond wire cutting method has been proposed to cut the rock in the tunnel face. Diamond wire saw method could cut the rock from tunnel face with very minor vibration and noise. In this study rock cutting process has been simulated with FEM method by using LS-DYNA explicit non-linear finite element code. Normal load act as an prime factor when cutting the rock surface. For observing the effect of normal load on bead, several experiments has been conducted by varying normal loads on the bead. From each experiment, cutting rate has been calculated to compare the cutting rate with different load conditions. By increasing the normal load on bead, cutting rate increases drastically.
A Review of Some Representative Techniques for Controlling the Indoor Volatile Organic Compounds
Kabir, Ehsanul,Kim, Ki-Hyun Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2012 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.6 No.3
Poor indoor air quality is now worldwide concern due to its adverse impacts on our health and environment. Moreover, these impacts carry a significant burden to the economy. Various technical approaches (e.g., biological, activated carbon fiber (ACF), photocatlytic oxidation (PCO), etc.) have gained popularity in controlling indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This is because removing indoor VOC sources or increasing ventilation rates is often not feasible or economical. This review provides an overview of the various air purification technologies used widely to improve indoor air quality. Although most of these technologies are very useful to remove indoor VOCs, there is no single fully satisfactory method due to their diversity and presence at the low concentration. To achieve technical innovations and the development of specific testing protocols, one should possess a better knowledge on the mechanisms of substrate uptake at VOC concentrations.
Sensor Comparison for Grass Growth Estimation
Kabir, Md. Shaha Nur,Chung, Sun-Ok,Kim, Yong-Joo,Lee, Geung-Joo,Yu, Seung-Hwa,Lee, Kyeong-Hwan,Okayasu, Takashi,Inoue, Eiji FACULTY OF AGRIC PUBLICATIONS-KYUSHU UNIV 2016 Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu Univ Vol. No.
<P>Precision agriculture has been implemented in various cultivation operations for various crops. Recently, autonomous mower tractor with variable rate fertilization has been tried. Variable rate fertilization requires quantification of grass growth level. Objective of this study was to compare the performance of potential sensors under different growth levels and sensor operation conditions. A CCD camera, an ultrasonic module, and an optical reflectance sensor (i.e., Crop Circle) were tested at fields with different grass growth levels. Effects of sensor mounting height and angle were investigated. Effects of vehicle (i.e., mower tractor) vibration and traveling were also investigated: under static, vibration and no traveling, and vibration with traveling conditions. Results showed that sensor mounting height had a little effect on the sensor performance, and grass growth level was successfully quantified. Camera angle of 90 degrees showed the best performance with less noise. The ultrasonic sensor could work with less deviation under static condition, whereas, CCD camera proved the applicability under all operating conditions. Operation condition of the optical reflectance sensor showed a little effect on the grass growth detection results. This study would provide information useful for automated grass growth mapping and variable fertilization recommendation.</P>
Economics of Small Scale Dairy Farming in Bangladesh under the Government Support Programme
Kabir, M.H.,Talukder, R.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.3
In this study the financial performance of small scale dairy farms participating in the government subsidy programme and the impact of this government intervention on the number of animals owned, production and consumption of milk and labour employment in the farm households have been examined. After receiving the subsidy, dairy farmers expanded their herd size. The major changes occurred in the ownership of calves, heifers and cows in all categories of farms. Significant increases in production and consumption of milk as well as in labour employment were observed. The rates of increase for all the parameters studied were much higher in farms adopting cross breeding compared to those in only local-breed farms. The analysis showed that dairying was a profitable business. However, profitability was greater with cross-bred than with local-bred animals.
Kabir, M. H.,Abd El-Aty, A. M.,Rahman, M. M.,Kim, S. W.,Lee, H. S.,Chung, H. S.,Do, J. A.,Jeong, J. H.,Chang, B. J.,Chang, M. I. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Environmental science and pollution research inter Vol.24 No.28
<P>The dissipation kinetics, pre-harvest residue limits, and hazard quotient (HQ) assessments of the pesticides flubendiamide and fluopicolide were conducted for Korean melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa) cultivated at two different sites. A single extraction and cleanup procedure was carried out using acetone (partitioned with dichloromethane) and amino solid-phase extraction cartridges, respectively. Residue analysis was performed by HPLC with ultraviolet detection. Both pesticides showed excellent linearity with correlation coefficients of 0.9999 and 0.9996 for flubendiamide and fluopicolide, respectively. The accuracy (expressed as recovery %) at three spiking levels was 92.0-103.6 and 82.8-105.3%, and the precision (expressed as relative standard deviation) was 1.7-3.4 and 2.7-5.3% for flubendiamide and fluopicolide, respectively. The initial residues of flubendiamide/fluopicolide were 0.326/0.376 and 0.206/0.298 mg/kg at sites 1 and 2, respectively. These amounts were substantially lower than the maximum residue limits (MRLs=1 and 0.5 mg/kg for flubendiamide and fluopicolide, respectively) established by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The half-lives of flubendiamide were 5.8 and 6.5 days, and those of fluopicolide were 6.7 and 9.1 days at sites 1 and 2, respectively. The shorter half-lives were attributed to seasonal variations (higher temperatures) and enzymatic and metabolic profiling. The risk assessment HQs of flubendiamide were 0.217/0.249 on day 0, which decreased to 0.102/0.168 on day 5, and to 0.065/0.88 on day 10; the HQ values for fluopicolide were 0.029/0.042, 0.022/0.025, and 0.010/0.019 on day 0, day 5, and day 10, for sites 1/2, respectively. From this data, we concluded that the fruits could be consumed safely.</P>