FEEDING SYSTEM OF LARGE RUMINANTS IN RURAL BANGLADESH

Rahman, M.M.,Islam, M.R.,Rahman, M.M.,Zaman, M.A.,Malek, M.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1992 Animal Bioscience Vol.5 No.2

In order to explore feeding practices of large ruminants and methods followed in the rural areas, an exploratory survey was made during the period from January 1988 to January 1989 in eight different agro-ecological areas of Bangladesh in relation to the existing seasons and farmers' categories. The study shows what feeding practices varied (p<0.01) from area to area and season to season but not with the farmers' category. Considering the overall picture of feeding practices existing in the country, it can be observed that bigger proportion of farmers practiced stall feeding and tethering ($38.4{\pm}35.1$) followed by stall fed ($34.3{\pm}35.2$) and grazing or tethering ($17.3{\pm}26.7$). The figure with wider deviations indicates that farmers in the rural areas did not follow a smooth feeding practice, the system is rather a complex, heterogenous and a mere consequence of existing land use system. The results of feeding methods of by-product concentrates indicate that it also varied (p<0.01) from area to area but however, not with seasons and farmers' category. It is observed that bigger proportion of farmers fed concentrates to their animals mixed with water ($74.1{\pm}30.3$) followed by mixed with roughage and water ($10.3{\pm}13.3$) or fed alone ($5.6{\pm}14.2$). The method like feeding practice is also complex and heterogenous in the rural areas of Bangladesh. Hence, it is needed to develop a strategic feeding system and method identifying the problems associated with those.

FAR INFRARED GALAXIES IN AKARI'S EYE

Malek, K.,Pollo, A.,Takeuchi, T.T.,Giovannoli, E.,Buat, V.,Burgarella, D.,Malkan, M. The Korean Astronomical Society 2012 天文學論叢 Vol.27 No.4

We present the results of Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) fitting of far-infrared galaxies detected in the AKARI Deep Field-South (ADF-S) Survey and discuss their physical properties. Additionally, we perform a comparison between photometric redshifts estimated using only optical and both optical and infrared data. We conclude that our sample consists mostly of nearby galaxies rich in dust and young stars. We observe an improvement in the estimation of photometric redshifts when the IR data are included, comparing to a standard approach based mainly on the optical to UV photometry.

A novel selective H2S sensor using dodecylamine and ethylenediamine functionalized graphene oxide

M. Malek Alaie,M. Jahangiri,A.M. Rashidi,A. Haghighi Asl,N. Izadi 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.29 No.-

Dodecylamine (DDA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) functionalized graphene oxide (GO) nanosensorswere synthesized by amidation methods and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The resultsshowed that compared to pristine GO-based sensor, the DDA-GO and EDA-GO chemiresistors have asignificant response to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) down to 50 ppm at room temperature. Furthermore,operating temperature effects, H2S concentration and GO suspension concentration on sensor responseare also investigated. Functionalized graphene oxide chemiresistors offer advantages such asremarkable potential for mass production due to their ease of manufacturing, significant selectivityand performance.

Assessment of N-16 activity concentration in Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission TRIGA Research Reactor

M. Ajijul Hoq,M.A. Malek Soner,M.A. Salam,Salma Khanom,S. M. Fahad 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.1

An assessment for determining N-16 activity concentrations during the operation condition ofBangladesh Atomic Energy Commission TRIGA Research Reactor was performed employing severalgoverning equations. The radionuclide N-16 is a high energy (6.13 MeV) gamma emitter which is predominatelycreated by the fast neutron interaction with O-16 present in the reactor core water. Duringreactor operation at different power level, the concentration of N-16 at the reactor bay region may increasecausing radiation risk to the reactor operating personnel or the general public. Concerning thesafety of the research reactor, the present study deals with the estimation of N-16 activity concentrationsin the regions of reactor core, reactor tank, and reactor bay at different reactor power levels under naturalconvection cooling mode. The estimated N-16 activity concentration values with 500 kW reactor powerat the reactor core region was 7:40 105 Bq=cm3 and at the bay region was 3:39 10 5 Bq=cm3. At3 MW reactor power with active forced convection cooling mode, the N-16 activity concentration in thedecay tank exit water was also determined, and the value was 4:14 10 1 Bq=cm3.

Salt Free Reactive Dyeing of Cationized Cotton

Montazer, M.,Malek, R.M.A.,Rahimi, A. The Korean Fiber Society 2007 Fibers and polymers Vol.8 No.6

In this study 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was used as a cationic agent to cationize cotton fabric by a pad-batch process. The cationized cotton samples were dyed with different reactive dyes containing various reactive groups. The dyeability of the cationized cotton samples with reactive dyes without salt was significantly improved due to an increase in the ionic attraction between the dye and cationized cotton. The results showed that the wash and dry rubbing fastness of the cationized cotton dyed with different reactive dyes are similar to those of the untreated cotton. However, the light fastness of some of the cationized fabric samples was improved.

Characterization of individual insoluble particles in ice core

H. Hwang,M.A. Malek,H.-J. Eom,C.-U. Ro,J.-H. Kang,S.D. Hur,H. Geng,S. Hou 대한지질학회 2015 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

에베레스트 고산빙하에 침착된 미세먼지에 대한 특성 연구

황희진,정해진,엄효진,M.A. Malek,허순도,노철언 한국대기환경학회 2011 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

Investigation of aged Asian dust particles by the combined use of quantitative ED-EPMA and ATR-FTIR imaging

Song, Y.-C.,Eom, H.-J.,Jung, H.-J.,Malek, M. A.,Kim, H. K.,Geng, H.,Ro, C.-U. Copernicus GmbH 2013 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.13 No.6

<P>Abstract. In our previous works, it was demonstrated that the combined use of quantitative energy-dispersive electron probe X-ray microanalysis (ED-EPMA), which is also known as low-Z particle EPMA, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) imaging has great potential for a detailed characterization of individual aerosol particles. In this study, extensively chemically modified (aged) individual Asian dust particles collected during an Asian dust storm event on 11 November 2002 in Korea were characterized by the combined use of low-Z particle EPMA and ATR-FTIR imaging. Overall, 109 individual particles were classified into four particle types based on their morphology, elemental concentrations, and molecular species and/or functional groups of individual particles available from the two analytical techniques: Ca-containing (38%), NaNO3-containing (30%), silicate (22%), and miscellaneous particles (10%). Among the 41 Ca-containing particles, 10, 8, and 14 particles contained nitrate, sulfate, and both, respectively, whereas only two particles contained unreacted CaCO3. Airborne amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) particles were observed in this Asian dust sample for the first time, where their IR peaks for the insufficient symmetric environment of CO32− ions of ACC were clearly differentiated from those of crystalline CaCO3. This paper also reports the first inland field observation of CaCl2 particles probably converted from CaCO3 through the reaction with HCl(g). HCl(g) was likely released from the reaction of sea salt with NOx/HNO3, as all 33 particles of marine origin contained NaNO3 (no genuine sea salt particle was encountered). Some silicate particles with minor amounts of calcium were observed to be mixed with nitrate, sulfate, and water. Among 24 silicate particles, 10 particles are mixed with water, the presence of which could facilitate atmospheric heterogeneous reactions of silicate particles including swelling minerals, such as montmorillonite and vermiculite, and nonswelling ones, such as feldspar and quartz. This paper provides detailed information on the physicochemical characteristics of these aged individual Asia dust particles through the combined use of the two single-particle analytical techniques, and using this analytical methodology it is clearly shown that internal mixing states of the aged particles are highly complicated. </P>