Dose-Dense Rituximab-CHOP versus Standard Rituximab-CHOP in Newly Diagnosed Chinese Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Randomized, Multicenter, Open-Label Phase 3 Trial

Xueying Li,He Huang,Bing Xu,Hongqiang Guo,Yingcheng Lin,Sheng Ye,Jiqun Yi,Wenyu Li,Xiangyuan Wu,Wei Wang,Hongyu Zhang,Derong Xie,Jiewen Peng,Yabing Cao,Xingxiang Pu,Chengcheng Guo,Huangming Hong,Zhao 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.3

Purpose Rituximab with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone administered every 3 weeks (R-CHOP-21) is the standard care for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). It is unknown whether the dose-dense R-CHOP (R-CHOP-14) could improve the outcome of the disease in Asian population. Materials and Methods Newly diagnosed DLBCL patients were centrally, randomly assigned (1:1) to receive R-CHOP- 14 or R-CHOP-21. R-CHOP-14 was administered every 2 weeks, and R-CHOP-21 was administered every 3 weeks. Primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary end points included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), response rate and toxicities. Results Seven hundred and two patients were randomly assigned to receive R-CHOP-14 (n=349) or R-CHOP-21 (n=353). With a median follow-up of 45.6 months, the two groups did not differ significantly in 3-year DFS (79.6% for R-CHOP-14 vs. 83.2% for R-CHOP-21, p=0.311), 3-year OS (77.5% for R-CHOP-14 vs. 77.6% for R-CHOP-21, p=0.903), or 3-year PFS (63.2% for R-CHOP-14 vs. 66.1% for R-CHOP-21, p=0.447). Patients with an International Prognostic Index (IPI) score ! 2 had a poorer prognosis compared to those with an IPI score < 2. Grade 3/4 hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities were manageable and similar between R-CHOP-14 and R-CHOP-21. Conclusion R-CHOP-14 did not improve the outcome of DLBCL compared to R-CHOP-21 in Asian population. With manageable and similar toxicities, both of the two regimens were suitable for Asian DLBCL patients. For high-risk patients with IPI ! 2, new combination regimens based on R-CHOP deserve further investigation to improve efficacy.

Encoding Selection for a Class of Fitness Functions based on Locus Interdependency

Hongqiang Mo,Zhong Li,박진배,주영훈,Qiliang Du 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2015 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.13 No.5

The feasible solutions are usually represented with a binary encoding when a genetic algorithm is applied to a continuous optimization problem. However, it has been remarked that a binary encoding was not always the best choice, and it was suggested to use a base-m encoding for a class of fitness functions linearly combined of sine functions whose frequencies were exponential to a positive integer m. In this paper, this suggestion is explained based on locus interdependency. It is shown that, for these fitness functions, the Euclidean distances from a considerable part of the highly fit strings to the objective strings are negative powers of m. Thus, the Hamming distances from the highly fit strings to the objective strings when the feasible solutions of these fitness functions are represented with a basem encoding are much smaller than those when the fitness functions are expressed with an encoding of another cardinality. And as a result, locus interdependency of the former is much lower than that of the latter, which indicates that the fitness functions are likely to be much easier when expressed with the former encoding. The suggestion is then tested on a number of fitness functions randomly generated, in which encodings with different bases are compared according to locus interdependency and optimization performance. The results of the test substantiate the suggestion.

On the Supply of Superior Order-1 Building Blocks for a Class of Periodical Fitness Functions

Mo, Hongqiang,Li, Zhong,Park, JinBae,Joo, YoungHoon Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2009 International journal of computational intelligenc Vol.2 No.1

An Distributed Method for Calculating Entropy of Large-scale Sequential Data

Zhen Zhang,Hongqiang Li,Rize Jin 한국정보통신학회 2021 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Vol.12 No.1

Various IoT devices constantly generate data in terms of time, which may form a large-scale of sequential data. Entropy calculation of a big data input will lead to unacceptable time, even not able to obtain the output. In this paper, we propose a distributed method for accelerating the entropy calculation process. Utilize a high performance host sever to deploy a distributed computing platform by server virtualization technique. Run independent R environment for the entropy calculation in multiple computing nodes and adopt Java multi-thread technique in one control node. From the experiment results and the analysis, we can conclude that the proposed distributed scheme is efficient and feasible for dealing with large-scale sequential data.

High Efficiency Onboard Charger Based on Two-Stage Circuit

Xue Fei,Ma Xin,Li Hongqiang,Zhang Di,Xu Hengshan,Zhou Lei,Wang Chao 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.4

On-board charger (OBC) is key part of electric vehicles. Limited to space and weight, design objectives of OBC are high power-density and high effi ciency. Two-stage circuit is commonly used for 3.3 kW OBC, interleaved power factor correction (ILPFC) is utilized for power factor correction and DC bus voltage regulation, LLC resonant converter is utilized for voltage and power regulations. In this paper, the relationships between the internal parameters and effi ciency of ILPFC are studied by discrete iterative method, and the internal parameters are optimized to improve ILPFC`s effi ciency. Meanwhile, the relationships between the resonant parameters and effi ciency of LLC converter are also studied by fundamental harmonic approximation method to optimize the effi ciency in wide charging voltage. A 3.3 kW OBC prototype is developed to verify the eff ectiveness and correctness of the optimal method, the power factor and total harmonic distortion at full-load state are about 99.99% and 2.98% with the charging voltage ranging from 230 to 430 V, respectively

Improved Bioethanol Production from Corn Stover by Alkali Pretreatment with a Novel Pilot-scale Continuous Microwave Irradiation Reactor

Huadong Peng,Hao Luo,Shengying Jin,Hongqiang Li,Jianxun Ding 한국생물공학회 2014 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.19 No.3

A novel continuous microwave irradiation(MWI) pilot-scale reactor was designed specifically forbiomass pretreatment. To test the efficiency of this reactor,MWI-assisted alkali pretreatment of corn straw (CS) wasinvestigated using a central composite design for theresponse surface methodology. With a processing capacityof 0.28 kg CS (dry matter, DM)/h, the optimal conditionswere as follows: 4.50 kW, 30 min, and 3.50% NaOH (w/v). The glucose and ethanol production from the pretreated CSwere 63.22 and 31.29 g/100 g DM, respectively. Thesevalues were 4.42 and 3.79 times higher, respectively, thanthose from untreated CS. Structural changes in theuntreated/pretreated CS were identified by analyzing itschemical composition using X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, the solid residuerecovery ratio was demonstrated to be an indicator of thebiomass bioconversion potential.

Causal relationship between smoking status, smoking frequency and bladder cancer: a Mendelian randomization study

Pang Lei,Ding Zijun,Chai Hongqiang,Li Fei,Wu Ming,Shuang Weibing 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.2

Background Smoking is a well-established risk factor for bladder cancer. However, it remained unclear that whether smoke status and smoke frequency increase bladder cancer. Objective We aim to explore the causal relationship between smoking status, smoking frequency and the risk of bladder cancer by Mendelian randomization. Methods Large sample size of the genome-wide association(GWAS) database of smoking status, smoking frequency and bladder cancer were obtained. Smoking status included never, previous and current whereas smoking frequency included cigarettes smoked per day, number of cigarettes currently smoked daily and pack years of smoking. Six sets of instrumental variables and 78 related single nucleotide polymorphic(SNP) loci were identified (P < 5 × 10–8. Linkage disequilibrium R2 < 0.001). The causal relationship between smoking status and bladder tumor was studied by inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median and MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analysis were also performed. Results There is no causal effect from smoke status on bladder cancer risk while significantly positive relationship between smoking frequency on bladder cancer risk were found. IVW results showed that cigarettes smoked per day, number of cigarettes currently smoked daily and pack years of smoking increase bladder cancer (OR 1.001, 95% CI 1.000–1.002, P = 0.047; OR 1.003, 95% CI 1.000–1.005, P = 0.028; OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.001–1.006, P = 0.003). Sensitivity analysis showed that genetic pleiotropy did not bias the results. Conclusion The results of two sample Mendelian randomization analysis show that there is a positive causal relationship between smoking frequency and the risk of bladder cancer.

Mixed Culture of Probiotics on a Solid-state Medium: An Efficient Method to Produce an Affordable Probiotic Feed Additive

Jie Zhong,Fan Zhang,Yongjia Peng,Zhixin Ji,Hongqiang Li,Shuncai Li,Xiangzhai Zhang,Qiumei Shi,Jin Zhang 한국생물공학회 2017 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.22 No.6

The overuse and abuse of antibiotics in animal husbandry is an ongoing problem. While probiotics could be an alternative, their effectiveness, stability and production cost are key factors that need to be addressed first. This study used a mixed culture of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis on a simple and inexpensive solid-state medium generated by pouring a liquid MRS medium, which was designed to favor the dense growth of lactobacilli, onto wheat bran at a ratio of 1:2 by weight. Using this method, we achieved a very high number of live bacteria (NLB), at 3.93 × 1014 CFU/g, without the need for expensive anaerobic equipment. The mixed culture thus achieved striking results that were up to 10,000 times better than the pure culture and did not require special anaerobic equipment. A real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that the shares of the four strains in the mixed culture probiotics (MCPs) were 2, 17, 46, and 35%, respectively, which indicates that the fermentation product contained an uneven distribution of the four probiotic target bacteria. The MCPs possessed good storage stability at room temperature, and the NLB was greater than 106 CFU/g after 30 days at 25°C, which made it easier to transport and store. They also demonstrated good stability in artificial digestion fluids, with an NLB of over 1012 CFU/g after sequential treatments, which enabled them to maintain effectiveness in the animal gastrointestinal tract. Finally, the MCPs were fed to the mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in order to test their effectiveness, and the growth rates of both significantly improved with the MCPs feeding. This study thus demonstrated that culturing MCPs on a solid-state medium is an efficient method to affordably produce probiotic feed additives that can improve the performance of very physiologically different animals, such as the mealworm and raccoon dog, which indicates their potential for very wide applicability.