Current status of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure among mothers and their babies of Korea-CHECK cohort study

Choi, Sooran,Kim, Hai-joong,Kim, Sunmi,Choi, Gyuyeon,Kim, Sungjoo,Park, Jeongim,Shim, Soon-sup,Lee, Inae,Kim, Sungkyoon,Moon, Hyo-Bang,Choi, Kyungho,Lee, Jeong Jae,Kim, Su Young Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.618 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Despite the global ban, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been a persistent and significant environmental health issue worldwide. Prenatal exposure to these persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has been identified as a major route of exposure among developing fetuses and newborn infants. Among Children's Health and Environmental Health of Korea (CHECK) cohort population, pregnant females (<I>n</I> =148) and their matching newborn infants (<I>n</I> =117) recruited from four cities of Korea in 2011 were investigated. The blood serum and cord blood serum were sampled at delivery, and measured for 19 OCPs and 19 PCBs. In addition, a questionnaire regarding demographic characteristics, and dietary habits were conducted. The most frequently detected POPs in both maternal blood and cord blood were <I>p,p</I>′-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (DDE) (99% detection in maternal, and 98% in cord blood serum) and PCB153 (95% in maternal, 74% in cord blood serum). The levels of dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethanes (DDTs) in both maternal (average 82.5ng/g lw) and cord blood serum (average 77.5ng/g lw) were comparable to or greater than those reported in Japan about a decade ago. Approximately two thirds of the pregnant women and newborn infants showed the <I>p,p</I>′-DDE concentrations exceeding the biological equivalent (BE) corresponding to 10<SUP>−6</SUP> excess cancer risk. In addition, less chlorinated PCBs were detected higher in both maternal and cord serum. Less chlorinated PCBs also showed greater transplacental ratio. Dairy consumption among the subjects was positively associated, and tea consumption was negatively associated with serum levels of several POPs. Our results show that the exposure to legacy POPs, especially DDTs, among pregnant women and newborn infants is still prevailing, thus warrants measures for exposure mitigation among these vulnerable populations.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> OCPs and PCBs were measured in serum of Korean mothers and their matching newborns. </LI> <LI> Levels of most OCPs in maternal and cord serum are correlated. </LI> <LI> Less chlorinated PCBs are detected higher in cord serum than maternal serum. </LI> <LI> DDTs are of potential health concern, with 67% of subjects potentially at risk. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Acute toxicity of four alkylphenols (3-tert-butyl-, 2-isopropyl-, 3-propropyl-, and 4-isopropyl-phenol) and their binary mixtures to Microtox, with comparisons to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Pimephales promelas

Kyungho Choi,Leonard l. Sweet,Brian E. Olseski,Peter G. Meier 한국환경보건학회 2003 한국환경보건학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2003 No.-

Uptake efficiencies of PCB 153 in fathead minnows through food chain of sediment-midge-fish

Kyungho Choi,Peter G. Meier 한국환경보건학회 2003 한국환경보건학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2003 No.-

Failure of a Rotation Control Gamma 3 Lag Screw Used to Treat a Trochanteric Fracture

( Kyungho Choi ),( Yongtae Kim ),( Shicheng Zhou ),( Jihyo Hwang ) 대한고관절학회 2018 Hip and Pelvis Vol.30 No.2

Gamma 3 rotation control lag screws (U-blade) are particularly useful when treating rotational and unstable fractures of the proximal femur. A 93-year-old woman who underwent closed reduction of a trochanteric fracture and internal fixation with a Gamma 3 nail rotation control lag screw. The patient presented with metal failure and U-blade bending following a fall occurring 4 weeks after surgery. Here, we present a case report summarizing removal of the failed lag screw.

Characterization and regulated naproxen release of hydroxypropyl cyclosophoraose-pullulan microspheres

Choi, Jae Min,Lee, Benel,Jeong, Daham,Park, Kyeong Hui,Choi, Eun-Ji,Jeon, Yong-Joon,Dindulkar, Someshwar D.,Cho, Eunae,Do, Sun Hee,Lee, Kyungho,Lee, Im-Soon,Park, Seyeon,Jun, Bong-Hyun,Yu, Jae-Hyuk,Ju THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING 2017 JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY -S Vol.48 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hydroxypropyl cyclosophoraose-pullulan (HPCys-Pul) microspheres were designed as a novel hybrid system of biocompatible pullulan matrice and pendant hydroxypropyl cyclosophoraoses with drug complexing ability. The HPCys-Pul microspheres were prepared by emulsion crosslinking method, and characterized using thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and solid state NMR spectroscopy. By virtue of hydroxypropyl cyclosophoraoses, the developed microspheres can encapsulate 4.2-fold more naproxen than pullulan microspheres. Korsmeyer–Peppas model was introduced for describing release kinetics. <I>In vivo</I> naproxen release analysis was carried out in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. From those results HPCys-Pul microsphere will be a promising platform for controlled drug delivery.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hybrid microspheres of biocompatible polysaccharide pullulan (Pul) and hydroxypropyl cyclosophoraoses (HPCys) were prepared. </LI> <LI> The HPCys-Pul microspheres showed both effective encapsulation and controlled release of naproxen (NPX). </LI> <LI> Those microspheres were completely characterized by TGA, XRD, FE-SEM, FT-IR, and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. </LI> <LI> Hybrid HPCys-Pul microspheres resulted in a pH-regulated release system as well as enhanced entrapment efficiency for NPX. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Exposure to environmental chemicals among Korean adults-updates from the second Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2012–2014)

Choi, Wookhee,Kim, Suejin,Baek, Yong-Wook,Choi, Kyungho,Lee, Keejae,Kim, Sungkyoon,Yu, Seung Do,Choi, Kyunghee Elsevier 2017 International journal of hygiene and environmental Vol.220 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>National biomonitoring program can offer solid scientific evidence on exposure profiles of environmental chemicals at a national level, and provide a snapshot of changing exposure level over time. Therefore, several countries have maintained such programs for developing environmental health policies. The Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) was designed to understand the level of human exposure to environmental chemicals by time and location, and to identify possible sources of such exposure. The 2nd stage of KoNEHS, which was conducted between 2012 and 2014, examined a total of 6478 adult subjects over 19 years of age, and measured 21 environmental chemicals of major policy concern. Compared to the findings from the first stage monitoring (2009–2011), slightly higher levels of blood lead were observed, while those of mercury remained similar. Blood metal concentrations, however, were higher than those reported from national biomonitoring programs of United States, Germany and Canada. The urinary concentrations of phthalates metabolites were lower, but those of t,t-muconic acid and BPA were higher than those reported in the first stage survey. The urinary cotinine level decreased perhaps reflecting general declining patterns of first- and second-hand smoking. The results of the second stage survey were made available for public use since April 2016.</P> <P>Some policy efforts appear to be at least in part effective on mitigating chemical exposure among people, e.g., urinary phthalate metabolites and cotinine, while further confirmations are warranted. In-depth assessments will be conducted to identify vulnerable groups and important exposure pathways.</P>

Endocrine disruption potentials of several pharmaceuticals in H295R cell and a freshwater fish Oryzias latipes

Choi Kyungho(최경호) 한국환경독성학회 2010 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2010 No.11

유럽의회조사처의 사전적 입법영향평가 방법론에 관한 소고

최경호(Choi, Kyungho) 한국공법학회 2020 공법연구 Vol.48 No.4

유럽의회조사처는 입법영향평가를 수행하는 기관 중 비교적 최근에 만들어진 조직이라고 할 수 있으나 여러 입법평가 기관의 장점과 단점을 충분히 분석하여 만들어진 기구로 그들의 접근은 입법평가 연구에 중요한 시사점을 제공하고 있다. 입법영향평가는 입법의 영향을 사전적 또는 사후적으로 평가 및 예측, 분석하는 것을 의미한다. 한국의 경우 규제영향분석, 성별영향분석 등에서 입법이 미치는 영향에 관한 분석이 법제화 되어 있으나, 일반적인 형태의 입법영향평가는 법제화되어 있지 않다. 유럽의회조사처의 영향평가는 다소 포괄적인 개념으로 영향평가에서는 장래 EU의 입법적 또는 비(非)입법적 행위가 정당화될지, 그리고 원하는 정책 목표를 달성하기 위해서 그러한 행위를 어떻게 최선의 방식으로 디자인해야 할지를 평가하기 위한 증거를 수집한다. 영향평가는 다루어야 할 문제를 인지 서술하고 목표를 설정하며, 정책 옵션을 구성하고, 이러한 옵션의 영향을 평가하며, 기대되는 결과를 어떻게 모니터할지 설명하여야 한다. 모니터링의 설정은 최근 입법영향평가의 중요한 트렌드로, 법안 준비단계에서부터 설계를 검토하는 촘촘한 접근이 중요하다. 유럽의회조사처가 발간하는 입법영향분석 보고서는 입법목적 달성을 위한 다양한 접근방식을 검토하고 있으며 개발 옵션에 대한 정량적 경제 비용 영향, 사회경제영향, 기본권영향으로 구분하여 영향평가를 하고 있다. 개별적 법률에 있어 영향분석을 위한 접근방식의 범주를 어떻게 하고 있고, 위의 3가지 평가에 구체적으로 담고 있는 사항의 검토를 통해 사전영향평가의 바람직한 비교 모델로 활용가능할 수 있다. 유럽연합의 입법영향평가는 경제적 분석뿐만 아니라 사회 및 환경의 관점도 중시하는 평가를 실시하고 있으며, 경제적 평가는 정량화시킨 결과를 도출하는 경우가 많다. 다만 모든 평가가 잠정적일 수 있는 한계를 가지고 있을 수 있으므로, 투명성확보 및 다수의 이해관계자 참여 등 확실한 데이터를 기반으로 하여 복수로 점검하는 것이 중요하다. 이러한 문제의식을 가지고 사전적 영향평가의 질적 수준을 높여가고 있는 유럽의회조사처의 사전적 영향평가제도는 참고모델로 활용이 가능하다. 한국에서도 더 좋은 입법(Better Legislation)을 위한 하나의 중요한 지원방식으로 입법영향평가에 대한 필요성 커지고 있고, 관련 입법시도도 있었다. 유럽의회조사처의 사전적입법평가 방법론은 우리의 입법평가 논의를 보다 구체화시키고, 법률적 근거는 없으나 현재 수행되고 있는 다양한 입법영향평가의 비교평가 모델로서 활용이 가능하다는 점에 그 시사점이 있다고 하겠다. The European Parliamentary Research Service(“EPRS”) is a relatively recent organization of legislative impact assessments. However, their approach has important implications for legislative evaluation research. Legislative Impact Assessment refers to predicting, analyzing, and evaluating the impact of legislation either ex-ante or ex-post. The legislative impact assessment may be carried out at the stage of legislation or review of legislation. In the case of the ex-ante legislative evaluation, there were many voices of criticism even in the National Assembly due to the infringement of legislative powers of members. Nevertheless, proper impact assessment can be an important tool in the process of making better laws. In this regard, opinions on the need for ex-ante impact assessments and their methodologies are likely to expand. The purpose of this study is to provide a comparative model for the future direction for establishing the qualitative improvement of the ex-ante impact assessment system by researching the investigation, analysis and operational status of the EPRS methodology. The impact assessment of the European Parliamentary Research Service is a rather comprehensive concept, where impact assessment will justify future legislative or non-legislative actions of the EU and how to design them in the best possible way to achieve the desired policy objectives. Impact assessments should identify and describe the issues to be addressed, set goals, configure policy options, assess the impact of these options, and explain how to monitor the expected outcomes. Setting up monitoring is an important trend in recent legislative impact assessments, and it is important to have a tight approach from the legislative preparation stage. It can be used as a good comparative model of ex-ante impact assessment. The EU"s impact assessments focus not only on economic analysis but also on social and environmental perspectives, and economic evaluation often yields quantified results. However, as all evaluations may have potential limitations, it is important to check them on the basis of clear data such as securing transparency and participation of multiple stakeholders. The EPRS"s impact assessment system, which raises the qualitative level of the impact assessment with this awareness, can be used as a reference model. In order to maintain the accuracy of the impact assessment, it must begin with a thorough assessment of the existing system. It is also important to listen to the various voices of stakeholders and perform in-depth analysis of minority cases. The purpose of this study is to provide a comparative model for the future direction for establishing the qualitative improvement of the ex-ante impact assessment system by researching the investigation, analysis and operational status of the EPRS methodology.

화학물질의 갑상선 독성영향

최경호(Kyungho Choi),김수진(Sujin Kim),강하병(Ha-Byeong Kang),정다운(Dawoon Jung) 환경독성보건학회 2016 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2016 No.6

코로나19와 환경보건 - 당면한 과제와 전망

최경호(Kyungho Choi) 서울대학교 보건환경연구소 2020 보건학논집 Vol.57 No.2