The Longitudinal Trend of Cardiac Surgery in Korea from 2003 to 2013

Lee, Kyeong Soo,Kim, Chang Suk,Park, Jong Heon,Hwang, Tae Yoon,Kim, Sang Won,Sim, Sung Bo,Lee, Kun Sei The Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular 2016 The Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Vol.49 No.sup

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes of the utilization of operational and surgical medical care inside and outside a metropolitan area over 10 years, analyzing the residential areas of patients and the locations of medical facilities for major cardiovascular surgery. Methods: Data analysis was conducted by classifying the addresses of patients and the locations of medical care facilities of metropolitan cities and provinces, using data from the National Health Insurance Corporation from January 2003 to December 2013. Results: There is serious concentration of major heart surgery to medical facilities in Seoul; this problem has not improved over time. There were differences in percentages of surgical procedures performed in the metropolitan areas according to major diseases. In the case of Busan and Daegu provinces, at least 50% of the patients underwent surgery in medical facilities in the city, but there are other regions where the percentage is less than 50%. In the case of provinces, the percentage of surgical procedures performed in medical facilities in Seoul or nearby metropolitan cities is very high. Conclusion: Policies to strengthen the regional capabilities of heart surgery and to secure human resources are required to mitigate the concentration of patients in the capital area. Many regional multi-centers must be designated to minimize unnecessary competition among regional university hospitals and activate a win-win partnership model for medical services.

조선후기 천문학자 이덕성의 생애와 천문활동

안영숙,민병희,서윤경,이기원,AHN, YOUNG SOOK,MIHN, BYEONG-HEE,SEO, YOON KYEONG,LEE, KI-WON 한국천문학회 2017 天文學論叢 Vol.32 No.2

The life and astronomical activity of Lee Deok-Seong (李德星, 1720-1794) was studied using various historical sources, including the astronomical almanac, Seungjeongwon-Ilgi (Daily records of Royal Secretariat of Joseon dynasty), and the Gwansang-Gam's logbooks during Joseon dynasty (A.D. 1392-1910). We present the results of the study including the following main findings. First, from the investigation of Lee's family tree, we find that a number of his relatives were also astronomers, notably Samryeok-Gwan (三曆官, the post of calendrical calculation). Second, we find that he took part in the compilation of an annual astronomical almanac over a period of at least 16 years. His major achievements in the astronomy of the Joseon dynasty were to establish a new method of calendar-making calculation and to bring astronomical materials to the Joseon court through a visit to China. The Joseon dynasty enforced the Shixianli (時憲曆, a Chinese calendar made by Adam Shall) in 1654 without fully understanding the calendar. So an astronomer and an envoy were dispatched to China in order to master the intricacies of the calendar and to learn as much of Western science as was available in that time and place. Lee Deok-Seong worked at the Gwansang-Gam (觀象監, Royal Astronomical Bureau) during the reigns of King Yeongjo (英祖) and Jeongjo (正祖). As best as we can ascertain in relation with the calculations in the Shixian calendar, Lee visited China four times. During his trips and interactions, he learned a new method for calendar-making calculations, and introduced many Western-Chinese astronomical books to Joseon academia. Lee greatly improved the accuracy of calendrical calculations, even while simplifying the calculation process. With these achievements, he finally was promoted to the title of Sungrok-Daebu (崇祿大夫), the third highest grade of royal official. In conclusion, history demonstrates that Lee Deok-Seong was one of the most outstanding astronomers in the late-Joseon dynasty.

Inter‐domain handover scheme using an intermediate mobile access gateway for seamless service in vehicular networks

Lee, Kang‐,Won,Seo, Won‐,Kyeong,Cho, You‐,Ze,Kim, Jong‐,Woo,Park, Jin‐,Soo,Moon, Byoung‐,Sub John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2010 International Journal of Communication Systems Vol.23 No.9

<P><B>Abstract</B></P>10.1002/dac.1076.abs<P>Current IP‐level mobility management protocols are unable to satisfy the stringent handover latency requirements for supporting real‐time multimedia services between different domains in a high‐speed vehicular environment. This paper proposes an inter‐domain handover scheme for Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) with a new network entity, called intermediate‐mobile access gateway (iMAG). The iMAG is located between the home and the foreign domains and is connected to both domains. The proposed scheme is a proactive handover approach that performs the inter‐domain L3 handover in advance before the inter‐domain L2 handover while the Mobile Node (MN) is still connected to the iMAG in the home domain. Therefore, the proposed scheme enables the inter‐domain handover latency to reduce as low as the intra‐domain handover latency. Numerical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is able to support seamless service continuity in inter‐domain handovers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

Genetic Analyses of the Chimeric <i>CYP11B1</i> / <i>CYP11B2</i> Gene in a Korean Family with Glucocorticoid-Remediable Aldosteronism

Lee, Ihn Suk,Kim, Seul Young,Jang, Hye Won,Kim, Min Kyeong,Lee, Ju Hee,Lee, Yun Hyeong,Jo, Young Suk The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.9

<P>Glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism (GRA) is an autosomal-dominant inheritable form of hyperaldosteronism with early onset hypertension. GRA is caused by unequal crossing-over of the steroid 11β-hydroxylase (<I>CYP11B1</I>) and aldosterone synthase (<I>CYP11B2</I>) genes. As a result of chimeric gene duplication, aldosterone is ectopically synthesized in the adrenal zona fasciculata under the control of adrenocorticotropin. Here, we describe three cases of GRA in a Korean family. The proband-a 21-yr-old female-was incidentally found to have high blood pressure (170/108 mmHg). Her 46-yr-old father had been treated twice for cerebral hemorrhage at the ages of 29 and 39 yr. Her 15-yr-old brother had a 2-yr history of hypertension; however, he was never treated. Their laboratory test results showed normokalemia, hyporeninemia, hyperaldosteronism, and a high plasma aldosterone concentration-to-plasma renin activity ratio. Normal saline loading failed to suppress aldosterone secretion. However, dexamethasone administration effectively suppressed their plasma aldosterone concentrations. Following genetic analyses with PCR and direct sequencing to document the chimeric gene and crossover site, respectively, we identified <I>CYP11B1</I>/<I>CYP11B2</I> and determined the breakpoint of unequal crossover to be located between intron 2 of <I>CYP11B1</I> and exon 3 of <I>CYP11B2</I>.</P>

Innate immune responses to <i>Mycobacterium ulcerans</i> via toll-like receptors and dectin-1 in human keratinocytes

Lee, Hye-Mi,Shin, Dong-Min,Choi, Dae-Kyoung,Lee, Zee-Won,Kim, Ki-Hye,Yuk, Jae-Min,Kim, Chang Deok,Lee, Jeung-Hoon,Jo, Eun-Kyeong Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Cellular microbiology Vol.11 No.4

<P>Summary</P><P><I>Mycobacterium ulcerans</I> (MU), an environmental pathogen, causes Buruli ulcer, a severe skin disease. We hypothesized that epidermal keratinocytes might not be a simple barrier, but play a role during MU infection through pattern-recognition receptors expressed in keratinocytes. We found that keratinocyte Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 and Dectin-1 actively participate in the innate immune response to MU, which includes the internalization of bacteria, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the expression of chemokines and LL-37. Human keratinocytes constitutively expressed TLRs 2 and 4 and induced Dectin-1 in response to MU. Exposing keratinocytes to MU resulted in rapid ROS production, which in turn contributed to the mRNA and protein expression of LL-37. In addition, TLR2, Dectin-1 and, to an extent, TLR4 are essential for the MU-mediated expression of CXCL8, CCL2 and LL-37 in keratinocytes. Furthermore, confocal analysis showed that the Dectin-1 is necessary for keratinocytes to internalize bacilli. Importantly, blockade of ROS and LL-37 significantly increased the intracellular MU growth in keratinocytes, suggesting an important role of these mediators for cutaneous innate immune responses. Our results demonstrate that TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 actively sense, internalize and respond in an innate way to MU in human epidermal keratinocytes.</P>

Chitosan: a novel platform in proton-driven DNA strand rearrangement actuation

Lee, Dami,Singha, Kaushik,Jang, Mi-Kyeong,Nah, Jae-Woon,Park, In-Kyu,Kim, Won Jong Royal Society of Chemistry 2009 Molecular bioSystems Vol.5 No.4

<P>Nanometre-scaled DNA machine based on molecular recognition properties of DNA has now become a powerful tool in nanodevices, miniaturized structure, and nanofabrication. The common principle behind designing a DNA nanomachine is DNA strand exchange or rearrangement, which is solely controlled by the stabilization through associative and dissociative forces arising from base pair interaction of DNA molecules. Thus, highly effective DNA reaction actuator will make DNA nanomachine more flexible, controllable, and powerful device. Here, we report the novel polymer-mediated platform in proton-driven DNA strand rearrangement actuation. This cationic low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (LMWSC) exhibited pH-dependent complexation with oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). It formed complex with ODN only at low pH and accelerated the DNA strand exchange (or rearrangement) reaction between dsDNA and its complementary ssDNA at pH 5.0. However, no complexation was observed between LMWSC and ODN at neutral pH. We assume that at physiological pH, LMWSC is not protonated enough for formation of complex with ODN. Therefore, it can not diminish the electrostatic repulsion among the negatively charged DNA strands of the three-stranded intermediate formed during the strand exchange reaction. In contrast, LMWSC becomes positively charged at acidic pH, and it stabilizes the three-stranded intermediate by spreading out the accumulated counter-ions and increasing the entropy of the system. This fascinating observation prompted us to believe that this intelligent proton-driven DNA reaction actuator has a potential for the precise control of DNA nanomachine and would be applied for operating and controlling nanoscaled machine.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (LMWSC), a pH-responsive cationic polymer, controlled the on–off of the DNA strand exchange reaction, which is a common principle behind DNA nanomachines. LMWSC operates the DNA strand exchange reaction by stabilizing the reaction intermediate only at low pH but not at neutral pH. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b818982j'> </P>

Formation of Metal Complex in a Poly(hydroxamic acid) Resin Bead

Lee, Taek-Seung,Jeon, Dong-Won,Kim, Jai-Kyeong,Hong, Sung-Il The Korean Fiber Society 2001 Fibers and polymers Vol.2 No.1

Poly(hydroxamic acid) resin beads were prepared and complexed with various metal ions. We used IR spectroscopy to investigate the structure of metal complex. It proved that the products formed by introduction of metal ions gave stable and colored complex. It was found that the resin bead as synthesized would be a good column packing material for continuous extraction. Energy dispersive spectroscopy was use to study the distribution of metal ions in the resin matrix. It could be tentatively concluded that adsorption and diffusion of metal ions in the chelating resins mainly depended on the loading of the resin matrix which indicated interacting sites with metal ions.

Pulmonary Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis as an Initial Presentation of Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Lee, Seung Hyun,Kim, Jae Hyung,Park, Sejin,Won, Chang Youn,Lee, Joo-Hyun,Yi, Seong Yoon,Park, Hye Kyeong,Chang, Sun Hee,Jung, Hoon,Lee, Sung-Soon,Koo, Hyeon-Kyoung The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2016 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.79 No.4

Systemic vasculitis involving the lung is a rare manifestation of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and secondary vasculitis is considered to have poor prognosis. A 44-year-old man presented with fever and dyspnea of 1 month duration. A chest radiograph revealed bilateral multiple wedge shaped consolidations. In addition, the results of a percutaneous needle biopsy for non-resolving pneumonia were compatible with pulmonary vasculitis. Bone marrow biopsy was performed due to the persistence of unexplained anemia and the patient was diagnosed with MDS. We reported a case of secondary vasculitis presenting as non-resolving pneumonia, later diagnosed as paraneoplastic syndrome of undiagnosed MDS. The cytopenia and vasculitis improved after a short course of glucocorticoid treatment, and there was no recurrence despite the progression of underlying MDS.

Long-Term Results of Stent Insertion in Patients with Early and Late Hepatic Venous Outflow Obstruction after LDLT

( Kyeong Sik Kim ),( Ji Soo Lee ),( Gyu Sung Choi ),( Choon Hyuck David Kwon ),( Jae-won Cho ),( Suk-koo Lee ),( Jong Man Kim ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the longterm outcomes of stent placement for a HVOO in adult LDLT recipients. Methods: From January 2000 to December 2009,622 adult patients underwent LDLT at our hospital. 17(2.7%, 17/622) patients were diagnosed. Patients divided into two patients groups based on the time of diagnosis. Early group consisted of 10 patients in whom hepatic vein stenosis diagnosed at less than 90 days. The other consisted of 7 patients in whom hepatic vein stenosis diagnosed at more than 90 days. Results: Stent insertion was successful in 8 of 10(80%) patients in the early group and 6 of 7(85.7%) in the late group. The median follow-up period was 83.3 months (range, 2.2-193.8 months). In early group the comprehensive 1-, 3,-and 5-year primary patency rates were 76%, 46% and 46%, respectively. In late group the overall 1-, 3,-and 5-year primary patency rates were 40%, 20% and 20%, respectively. In this study the effectiveness of stent insertion was lower and patency maintenance was also early 40% late 20% compared to other studies. The reason for the lower efficacy and patency seems to be that the ratio of kinking in venography findings was higher than other studies. After the stent insertion in early group, 100% of the patients who failed to maintain tri phasic and became monophasic showed kinking(5/5). On the contrary, kinking was observed in one of the four(25%) of the late group. Conclusions: In the presence of kinking of the HV, it may be difficult to maintain the patency of the stent,and since the mechanism of early and late is different and the result of late is not good, it is necessary to establish an accurate indication to increase the patency rate.

Common and rare variants in the exons and regulatory regions of osteoporosis-related genes improve osteoporotic fracture risk prediction.

Lee, Seung Hun,Kang, Moo Il,Ahn, Seong Hee,Lim, Kyeong-Hye,Lee, Gun Eui,Shin, Eun-Soon,Lee, Jong-Eun,Kim, Beom-Jun,Cho, Eun-Hee,Kim, Sang-Wook,Kim, Tae-Ho,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Yoon, Kun-Ho,Lee, Won Chul,Kim, Issued for the Endocrine Society by the Williams W 2014 The Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism Vol.99 No.11

<P>Osteoporotic fracture risk is highly heritable, but genome-wide association studies have explained only a small proportion of the heritability to date. Genetic data may improve prediction of fracture risk in osteopenic subjects and assist early intervention and management.</P>