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Svenningsen, Per,Andersen, Kenneth,Thuesen, Anne D,Shin, Hee-Sup,Vanhoutte, Paul M,Skøtt, Ole,Jensen, Boye L,Hill, Caryl,Hansen, Pernille B L Springer-Verlag 2014 Pfl ugers Arch Vol.466 No.12
<P>Voltage-gated calcium channels are involved in the vascular excitation-contraction mechanism and regulation of arterial blood pressure. It was hypothesized that T-type channels promote formation of nitric oxide from the endothelium. The present experiments determine the involvement of T-type channels in depolarization-dependent dilatation of mesenteric arteries and blood pressure regulation in Cav3.1 knock-out mice. Nitric oxide-dependent vasodilatation following depolarization-mediated vasoconstriction was reduced significantly in mesenteric arteries from Cav3.1(-/-) compared to wild type mice. Four days of systemic infusion of a nitric oxide (NO)-synthase-inhibitor to conscious wild type elicited a significant increase in mean arterial blood pressure that was absent in Cav3.1(-/-) mice. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence labeling showed co-localization of Cav3.1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in arteries from wild type mice. Nitric oxide release measured as DAF fluorescence and cGMP levels were significantly lower in depolarized Cav3.1(-/-) compared to wild type arteries. In summary, the absence of T-type Cav3.1 channels attenuates NO-dependent dilatation in mesenteric arteries in vitro, as well as the hypertension after L-NAME infusion in vivo. Furthermore, Cav3.1 channels cluster with eNOS and promote formation of nitric oxide by the endothelium. The present findings suggest that this mechanism is important for the systemic impact of NO on peripheral resistance.</P>
Fudi Wang,Yuejiang Shi,Wei Zhang,Jia Fu,Yingying Li,Bao Nian Wan,이상곤,Manfred Bitter,Kenneth Hill 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.4
A new high-resolution tangential imaging X-ray crystal spectrometer (TXCS) is described for implementation on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) to provide spatially and temporally resolved data on the toroidal plasma rotation velocity and on the ion and the electron temperature. These data are derived from observations of the satellite spectra of heliumlike argon (Ar XVII). The TXCS will provide data for all experimental conditions, which include ohmically heated discharges as well as plasmas with radio-frequency (RF) waves and neutral-beam heating. The latest experimental results show that lower hybrid waves (LHW) induce a co-current change in a toroidal rotation of up to 45 km/s in the <i>L</i>-mode plasma core region. A modification of the toroidal rotation develops on the extended plasma region and a long time scale (≥1 s). The experimental setup and the initial experimental results are presented.