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Coefficient charts for active earth pressures under combined loadings
Zheng, De-Feng,Nian, Ting-Kai,Liu, Bo,Yin, Ping,Song, Lei Techno-Press 2015 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.8 No.3
Rankine's theory of earth pressure cannot be directly employed to c-${\phi}$ soils backfill with a sloping ground subjected to complex loadings. In this paper, an analytical solution for active earth pressures on retaining structures of cohesive backfill with an inclined surface subjected to surcharge, pore water pressure and seismic loadings, are derived on the basis of the lower-bound theorem of limit analysis combined with Rankine's earth pressure theory and the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion. The generalized active earth pressure coefficients (dimensionless total active thrusts) are presented for use in comprehensive design charts which eliminate the need for tedious and cumbersome graphical diagram process. Charts are developed for rigid earth retaining structures under complex environmental loadings such as the surcharge, pore water pressure and seismic inertia force. An example is presented to illustrate the practical application for the proposed coefficient charts.
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현대중국어 이음절 형용사 AABB식과 ABAB식 중첩의 비교 및 교육 방안 -신HSK 6급 단어 분석 위주-
구경숙 ( Kyoung Suk Ku ),( Lei Ting ),장진개 ( Jin Kai Zhang ) 한국중국언어학회 2015 중국언어연구 Vol.0 No.57
一般而言,現代漢語雙音節的主要重疊形式是ABAB式,而雙音節形容詞則主要重疊爲ABAB形式。但是,有些雙音節形容詞卽可以重疊爲ABAB形式,又可以重疊爲ABAB形式;有些能重疊爲AABB形式,却不能重疊爲ABAB形式。這樣就給漢語學習者正確掌握形容詞重疊形式造成了흔大的困擾。因此,本文在總結衆多前人硏究和査閱各種文獻資料的基礎上,從語法意義和語法功能兩個方面考察了雙音節形容詞的ABAB和AABB重疊形式,倂歸納出了雙音節形容詞可重疊爲ABAB或AABB形式條件。령外,本文還整理出了HSK6級詞彙大綱中可重疊爲ABAB或AABB形式的雙音節形容詞詞彙,倂針對其提出了幾點敎學方面的建議。
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Lyan-Ywan Lu,Ging-Long Lin,Kai-Ting Lei,Shih-Wei Yeh,Kuang-Yen Liu 국제구조공학회 2023 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.31 No.6
In this study, the accuracy of a real-time hybrid test (RTHT) employed for a performance test of a tuned mass damper (TMD) on an offshore wind turbine (OWT) with a complicated jacket-type supporting structure is quantified and evaluated by comparing the RTHT results with the experimental data obtained from a shaking table test (STT), in which a 1/25- scale model for a typical 5-MW OWT controlled by a TMD was tested. In the RTHT, the jacket-type OWT structure was modelled using both multiple-DOF (MDOF) and single-DOF (SDOF) numerical models. When compared with the STT test data, the test results of the RTHT show that while the SDOF model, which requires less control computational time, is able to well predict the peak responses of the nacelle and TMD only, the MDOF model is able to effectively predict both the peak and over-all time-history responses at multiple critical locations of an OWT structure. This also indicates that, depending on the type of structural responses considered, an RTHT with either an SDOF or a MDOF model may be a promising alternative to the STT to assess the effectiveness of a TMD for seismic mitigation in an OWT context.
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Li-jun Liang,Chen-xi Hu,Yi-xuan Wen,Xiao-wei Geng,Ting Chen,Guo-qing Gu,Lei Wang,You-you Xia,Yong Liu,Jia-yan Fei,Jie Dong,Feng-hua Zhao,Yiliyar Ahongjiang,Kai-yuan Hui,Xiao-dong Jiang 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.2
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the potential systemic antitumor effects of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) and apatinib (a novel vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor) via reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for lung carcinoma. Materials and Methods Lewis lung cancer cells were injected into C57BL/6 mice in the left hindlimb (primary tumor; irradiated) and in the right flank (secondary tumor; nonirradiated). When both tumors grew to the touchable size, mice were randomly divided into eight treatment groups. These groups received normal saline or three distinct doses of apatinib (50 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg) daily for 7 days, in combination with a single dose of 15 Gy radiotherapy or not to the primary tumor. The further tumor growth/regression of mice were followed and observed. Results For the single 15 Gy modality, tumor growth delay could only be observed at the primary tumor. When combining SABR and apatinib 200 mg/kg, significant retardation of both primary and secondary tumor growth could be observed, indicated an abscopal effect was induced. Mechanism analysis suggested that programmed death-ligand 1 expression increased with SABR was counteract by additional apatinib therapy. Furthermore, when apatinib was combined with SABR, the composition of immune cells could be changed. More importantly, this two-pronged approach evoked tumor antigen–specific immune responses and the mice were resistant to another tumor rechallenge, finally, long-term survival was improved. Conclusion Our results suggested that the tumor microenvironment could be managed with apatinib, which was effective in eliciting an abscopal effect induced by SABR.
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