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( Edoardo Torres-guerrero ),( Elisa Crystal Sanchez-moreno ),( Carlos Enrique Atoche-dieguez ),( Erika Margarita Carrillo-casas ),( Roberto Arenas ),( Juan Xicohtencatl-cortes ),( Rigoberto Hernandez- 대한피부과학회 2018 Annals of Dermatology Vol.30 No.5
Background: The causative agents of leprosy are the well-known Mycobacterium leprae and the newly discovered Mycobacterium lepromatosis. This agent was found in 2008, and it was found to be the cause of diffuse lepromatous leprosy in two Mexican patients. Objective: The objective of this work was to determine if M. leprae and M. lepromatosis were present in formalin-fixed and paraffin- embedded skin samples from cases from different regions in Mexico. Methods: A total of 41 skin samples were obtained from 11 states of Mexico. All patients’ samples were diagnosed by clinical and histopathological analyses. Total DNA was isolated using a Qiagen-DNeasy blood and tissue kit and molecular identification was achieved by two semi-nested polymerase chain reactions. Results: The 41 patient included 33 samples from men and 8 samples from women; 29 samples were polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive to Mycobacterium and 12 samples were PCR-negative. From those 29 samples, 13 were PCR-positive to M. leprae, 8 to M. lepromatosis and 8 were positive to both species. The histopathological diagnosis included; Nodular lepromatous leprosy (NLL); Diffuse lepromatous leprosy (DLL); and Borderline leprosy (BL). The 29 PCR-positive samples were classified as follow: 14 NLL, 4 DLL, and 11 BL. In the 12 samples negative to Mycobacterium, 7 showed the NLL, 2 DLL and 3 BL. Conclusion: These findings add evidence to the M. leprae and M. lepromatous distribution, clinical forms and participation of dual infections in Mexico. (Ann Dermatol 30(5) 562∼565, 2018)
Robust GPI Control of a New Parallel Rehabilitation Robot of Lower Extremities
Héctor Azcaray,Andrés Blanco,Carlos García,Manuel Adam,Juan Reyes,Gerardo Guerrero,César Guzmán 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.5
In this paper, we propose a new robot for lower limbs rehabilitation by using a parallel structure. The goal of this robot is not only to produce smooth and precise motions for ankle, knee, and hip, but also to support trajectory tracking. Its parallel configuration was based on the four-bar mechanism in order to have a more stable and robust structure. For the kinematic analysis, the length of one bar was considered variable. For the dynamic analysis, the Euler-Lagrange method was used to define the equations of motion. For the robot control, the robust generalized proportional integral (GPI) controller was proposed to guarantee safe rehabilitation movements. This parallel robot not only showed good results, but also showed various movement possibilities for lower limbs rehabilitation.
Soybean meal substitution by dehulled lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) with enzymes in broiler diets
Fredy Mera-Zuniga,Arturo Pro-Martinez,Juan F Zamora-Natera,Eliseo Sosa-Montes,Juan D Guerrero-Rodriguez,Sergio I Mendoza-Pedroza,Juan M Cuca-Garcia,Rosa M Lopez-Romero,David Chan-Diaz,Carlos M Becerri 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.4
Objective: Evaluate the effects of i) dehulling of lupine seed on chemical composition and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and ii) soybean meal substitution by dehulled lupine seed in broiler diets with enzymes on productive performance, size of digestive organs and welfare-related variables. Methods: Experiment 1, chemical composition and AME were determined in whole and dehulled lupine seed. Experiment 2, two hundred eighty-eight one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were used. The experimental diets were maize-soybean meal (MS), MS with enzymes (MSE) and maize-dehulled lupine seed with enzymes (MLE). Diets were assigned to the experimental units under a completely randomized design (eight replicates per diet). The body weight (BW) gain, feed intake, feed conversion, digestive organ weights, gait score, latency to lie down and valgus/varus angulation were evaluated. Results: The dehulling process increased protein (25.0% to 31.1%), AME (5.9 to 8.8 MJ/kg) and amino acid contents. The BW gain of broilers fed the MLE diet was similar (p>0.05) to that of those fed the MS diet, but lower than that of those fed the MSE diet. Feed intake of broilers fed the MLE diet was higher (p<0.05) than that of those fed the MS diet and similar (p>0.05) to those fed the MSE diet. Feed conversion of broilers fed the MLE diet was 8.0% and 8.7% higher (p<0.05) than that of those fed the MS and MSE diets, respectively. Broilers fed the MLE diet had the highest (p<0.05) relative proventriculus and gizzard weights, but had poor welfare-related variables. Conclusion: It is possible to substitute soybean meal by dehulled lupine seed with enzymes in broiler diets, obtaining similar BW gains in broilers fed the MLE and MS diets; however, a higher feed intake is required. Additionally, the MLE diet reduced welfare-related variables.