Distribution of dense breasts using screening mammography in Korean women: a retrospective observational study

Jong Myon Bae,Sang Yop Shin,Eun Hee Kim,Yoon Nam Kim,Chung Mo Nam 대한해부학회 2014 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.47 No.1

OBJECTIVES: This retrospective observational study evaluated the distribution of dense breasts by age group among healthy Korean women. METHODS: Participants were women aged 30 years and older who voluntarily underwent screening mammography between January 2007 and December 2011. Women who received the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System for mammographic density of 3 or 4 were defined as having dense breasts. The proportion of women with dense breasts (PDB, %) was calculated by dividing the number of participants with dense breasts by the total number of participants. RESULTS: Among the 231,058 women who participated, 78.15% were classified as having dense breasts. PDB was highest in the youngest age group (PDB=94.87%) and lowest in the oldest age group. The greatest difference in PDB between adjacent age groups was observed in the group aged 60-64 years. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the proportion of dense breasts by age group increased in all age groups, except in those aged 35-39 years. These findings suggest an association between the age distribution of dense breasts and trends in breast cancer incidence. Further studies are needed to estimate the change in breast cancer incidence rate by age and the accumulation of fatty breast tissue in Korean women.

Rates of Change to a Positive Result in Subsequent Screening Mammography in Korean Women: A Retrospective Observational Study

Jong-Myon Bae,Sang Yop Shin,Eun Hee Kim,Yoon-Nam Kim,남정모 대한예방의학회 2015 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.48 No.1

Objectives: This retrospective cohort study aimed at calculating some parameters of changes in the findings of the subsequent screening mammography (SSM) in female Korean volunteers. Methods: The study included screenees aged 30 to 79 years who underwent SSM voluntarily after testing negative in the baseline screenings performed between January 2007 and December 2011. A change to a positive result was defined as category 4 or 5 by usingthe American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. The proportion of results that had changed to positive(CP, %) was calculated by dividing the number of cases with results that were positive in the SSM by the total number of study participants. The rate of results that had changed to positive (CR, cases per 100 000 screenee-months) was calculated by dividing the number of cases with results that were positive in the SSM by the total number of months of the follow-up period. Results: The overall CP and CR in all age groups (n=77 908) were 2.26% and 93.94 cases per 100 000 screenee-months, respectively. The median CP interval in the subjects who had positive SSM results was 30 to 36 months, while that in the age group of 30 to 39 years was shorter. Conclusions: Different screening intervals should be considered among women aged between 30 and 59 years. In addition, a strategy for a screening program should be developed for the age group of 30 to 39 years, in particular.

A fast and energy-efficient Hamming decoder for software-defined radio using graphics processing units

Kim, Jaeyoung,Kang, Myeongsu,Islam, Md Shohidul,Kim, Cheol-Hong,Kim, Jong-Myon Springer-Verlag 2015 The Journal of supercomputing Vol.71 No.7

분할 기법을 이용한 저전력 명령어 캐쉬 설계

김종면(Jong Myon Kim),정재욱(Jae Wook Jung),김철홍(Cheol Hong Kim) 한국정보과학회 2007 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.13 No.5

최근의 내장형 프로세서를 설계하는데 있어서는 성능 못지 않게 에너지 효율성이 중요하게 고려되어야 한다. 내장형 프로세서에서 소모되는 에너지의 상당 부분은 캐쉬 메모리에서 소모되는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 특히 1차 명령어 캐쉬는 거의 매 사이클마다 접근이 이루어지므로 상당히 많은 양의 동적에너지를 소모하게 된다. 그러므로, 내장형 프로세서를 설계하는데 있어서 1차 명령어 캐쉬의 에너지 효율성을 높이는 기법은 프로세서의 총 에너지 소모를 줄여주는 결과로 이어질 것으로 기대된다. 본 논문에서는 내장형 프로세서에 적합한 저전력 1차 명령어 캐쉬를 설계하는 기법을 제안하고자 한다. 제안하는 기법은 명령어 캐쉬를 여러 개의 작은 서브 캐쉬들로 분할하는 기법을 통해 명령어 접근 시 활성화되는 캐쉬의 크기를 줄임으로써 1차 명령어 캐쉬에서 소모되는 동적 에너지를 감소시켜 준다. 또한, 하나의 서브캐쉬 크기를 페이지 크기와 동일하게 함으로써 캐쉬 내에서 태그가 차지하는 칩 공간을 없애고, 태그 비교에 소모되는 에너지도 없애는 효과를 얻는다. 제안하는 1차 명령어 캐쉬는 물리적인 접근 시간 감소를 통해 캐쉬 분할로 인한 성능 저하를 최대한 줄이고, 에너지 감소 효과는 최대로 얻고자 한다. 모의 실험결과, 제안하는 구조는 기존의 1차 명령어 캐쉬 구조와 비교하여 명령어 접근에 소모되는 동적 에너지를 평균 37% ~ 60% 감소시키는 결과를 보인다. Energy consumption in the instruction cacheaccounts for a significant portion of the total processor energy consumption. Therefore, reducing energy consumption in the instruction cache is important in designing embedded processors. This paper proposes a method for reducing dynamic energy consumption in the instruction cache by partitioning it to smaller (less energy-consuming) sub-caches. When a request comes into the proposed cache, only one sub-cache is accessed by utilizing the locality of applications. By contrast, the other sub-caches are not accessed, leading todynamic energy reduction. In addition, the proposed cache reduces dynamic energy consumption by eliminating the energy consumed in tag matching. We evaluated the energy efficiency by running cycle accurate simulator, SimpleScalar, with power parameters obtained from CACTI. Simulation results show that the proposed cache reduces dynamic energy consumption by 37%~60% compared to the traditional direct-mapped instruction cache.

Rates of Change to a Positive Result in Subsequent Screening Mammography in Korean Women: A Retrospective Observational Study

Bae, Jong-Myon,Shin, Sang Yop,Kim, Eun Hee,Kim, Yoon-Nam,Nam, Chung Mo The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2015 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.48 No.1

Objectives: This retrospective cohort study aimed at calculating some parameters of changes in the findings of the subsequent screening mammography (SSM) in female Korean volunteers. Methods: The study included screenees aged 30 to 79 years who underwent SSM voluntarily after testing negative in the baseline screenings performed between January 2007 and December 2011. A change to a positive result was defined as category 4 or 5 by using the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. The proportion of results that had changed to positive (CP, %) was calculated by dividing the number of cases with results that were positive in the SSM by the total number of study participants. The rate of results that had changed to positive (CR, cases per 100 000 screenee-months) was calculated by dividing the number of cases with results that were positive in the SSM by the total number of months of the follow-up period. Results: The overall CP and CR in all age groups (n=77 908) were 2.26% and 93.94 cases per 100 000 screenee-months, respectively. The median CP interval in the subjects who had positive SSM results was 30 to 36 months, while that in the age group of 30 to 39 years was shorter. Conclusions: Different screening intervals should be considered among women aged between 30 and 59 years. In addition, a strategy for a screening program should be developed for the age group of 30 to 39 years, in particular.

Plasma로 활성화된 질소 원자를 사용한 사파이어 기판 표면의 저온 질화처리의 XPS 연구

이지면(Ji-Myon Lee),백종식(Jong-Sik Paek),김경국(Kyonng-Kook Kim),김동준(Dong-Joon Kim),김효근(Hyo-Gun Kim),박성주(Seong-Ju Park) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1998 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.7 No.4

원격 플라즈마 화학기상증착법(Remote Plasma Enhanced-Ultrahigh Vacuum Chemical Vapor Deposition)에 의해 활성화된 질소 원자를 사용하여 사파이어 기판의 표면을 저온에서 질화처리한 후 표면의 화학적 조성을 조사하였다. 질화처리에 의해 주로 표면에 형성된 물질은 AlN임을 X-선 광전자 분광방법(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy: XPS)을 사용하여 확인하였다. 또한 플라즈마의 RF 출력, 반응 온도 및 시간에 따라서 기판의 Al과 반응한 질소의 상대적인 양과, 표면 형태를 XPS와 AFM(atomic force microscopy)을 사용하여 조사하였다. 플라즈마에 의해서 활성화되어 기판과 반응한 질소의 양은 RF 출력에 따라 증가하지만 Al과 반응하여 AlN을 형성시킨 질소는 RF 출력에 따라 증가한 후 일정하게 됨을 관찰하였다. 그러나 질화 처리 온도와 시간의 증가에 따른 AlN의 상대적인 양은 비교적 무관함을 관찰하였다. 또한 Ar 스퍼터링을 통한 XPS의 depth profile을 관찰한 결과 질화층은 깊이에 따라 3개의 다른 층으로 이루어져 있음을 확인하였다. The chemical aspects of nitridated surface of sapphire(0001) have been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Nitridated layer was formed by remote plasma enhanced-ultrahigh vacuum deposition at a low temperature range. It was confirmed that this nitridated surface was mainly consists of AlN layer. The relative amounts of nitrogen reacted with Al on the sapphire surface and their surface morphology were investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a function of radio-frequency power, reaction temperature, and reaction time. The amounts of atomic nitrogen activated by plasma which was subsequently incorporated into sapphire were increased with RF power. But the amounts of nitrogen reacted with Al in sapphire was initially increased and then remained constant. However, the relative amounts of AlN were nearly constant with irrespective of nitridation temperature and time. Furthermore, a depth profile of nitridated layer with XPS showed that the nitridated surface consisted of three layers with different stoichiometry.

배관 누출 감지 기술 연구

김재영(Jaeyoung Kim),김종엽(Jongyeop Kim),김종면(Jong-Myon Kim) 한국통신학회 2022 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.6

기계학습 알고리즘을 이용한 압력용기 부식 검출 방법 개발

김재영(Jaeyoung Kim),정인규(Inkyu Jeong),김영태(Young Tae Kim),조기형(Ki Hyung Cho),김종면(Jong-Myon Kim) 한국가스학회 2017 한국가스학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

압력용기 결함 검출을 위한 진단장치 개발

김유현(Yuhyun Kim),정인규(Inkyu Jeong),김재영(Jaeyoung Kim),김종면(Jong-Myon Kim) 한국가스학회 2017 한국가스학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

Zinc doped H₂Ti₁₂O₂₅ Anode and Activated Carbon Cathode for Hybrid Supercapacitor with superior performance

Choi, Hyeong-Jong,Lee, Seung-Hwan,Kim, Jin Hyeon,Kim, Hong-Ki,Kim, Jong-Myon Pergamon Press 2017 Electrochimica Acta Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hybrid supercapacitors were fabricated with both pristine and H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>12-x</SUB>Zn<SUB>x</SUB>O<SUB>25-x</SUB> (x=0.15, 0.3, 0.45, 0.6) anode electrodes. The structural properties and morphology of particles after zinc doping were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Rietveld refinement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron micron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performances of the hybrid supercapacitors were measured. The results show that the H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>11.7</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>24.7</SUB> not only enhanced discharge specific capacitances of 70.7 Fg<SUP>−1</SUP> at 0.5 Ag<SUP>−1,</SUP> but also capacitance retention of 92% after 1000 cycles. In addition, H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>11.7</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>24.7</SUB> has lower polarization and charge transfer resistance (R<SUB>ct</SUB>) of 0.142Ω. The power densities and energy densities of H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>11.7</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>24.7</SUB> were 42.4-8.1 Wh kg<SUP>−1</SUP> and 182-5676.2Wkg<SUP>−1</SUP> at 0.1 and 3 Ag<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively. Consequentially, Zn doping improved structure stability and electrochemical performance of H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>12</SUB>O<SUB>25</SUB>. Therefore, hybrid supercapacitors were fabricated using a H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>11.7</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>24.7</SUB> anode can be regarded as energy storage devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hybrid supercapacitors were fabricated with H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>12-x</SUB>Zn<SUB>x</SUB>O<SUB>25-x</SUB> (x=0∼0.6) anode. </LI> <LI> Capacitance retention of H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>11.7</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>24.7</SUB> was 92% after 1000 cycles. </LI> <LI> Power densities of H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>11.7</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>24.7</SUB> were 42.4-8.1 Wh kg<SUP>-1</SUP> from 0.1 to 3 Ag<SUP>-1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Energy densities of H<SUB>2</SUB>Ti<SUB>11.7</SUB>Zn<SUB>0.3</SUB>O<SUB>24.7</SUB> were 182-5676.2W kg<SUP>-1</SUP> from 0.1 to 3 Ag<SUP>-1</SUP>. </LI> </UL> </P>