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Extraordinary Off-Stoichiometric Bismuth Telluride for Enhanced n-Type Thermoelectric Power Factor
Park, Kunsu,Ahn, Kyunghan,Cha, Joonil,Lee, Sanghwa,Chae, Sue In,Cho, Sung-Pyo,Ryee, Siheon,Im, Jino,Lee, Jaeki,Park, Su-Dong,Han, Myung Joon,Chung, In,Hyeon, Taeghwan American Chemical Society 2016 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.138 No.43
<P>Thermoelectrics directly converts waste heat into electricity and is considered a promising means of sustainable energy generation. While most of the recent advances in the enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) resulted from a decrease in lattice thermal conductivity by nanostructuring, there have been very few attempts to enhance electrical transport properties, i.e., the power factor. Here we use nanochemistry to stabilize bulk bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) that violates phase equilibrium, namely, phase-pure n-type K0.06Bi2Te3.18. Incorporated potassium and tellurium in Bi2Te3 far exceed their solubility limit, inducing simultaneous increase in the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient along with decrease in the thermal conductivity. Consequently, a high power factor of similar to 43 mu W cm(-1) K-2 and a high ZT > 1.1 at 323 K are achieved. Our current synthetic method can be used to produce a new family of materials with novel physical and chemical characteristics for various applications.</P>
Park, Kwangwoo,Bak, Jino,Park, Sungho,Choi, Wonhoon,Park, Suk Won Institute of Physics in association with the Ameri 2016 Physics in medicine & biology Vol.61 No.3
<P>A semiempirical method based on the averaging effect of the sensitive volumes of different air-filled ionization chambers (ICs) was employed to approximate the correction factors for beam quality produced from the difference in the sizes of the reference field and small fields.</P> <P>We measured the output factors using several cylindrical ICs and calculated the correction factors using a mathematical method similar to deconvolution; in the method, we modeled the variable and inhomogeneous energy fluence function within the chamber cavity. The parameters of the modeled function and the correction factors were determined by solving a developed system of equations as well as on the basis of the measurement data and the geometry of the chambers. Further, Monte Carlo (MC) computations were performed using the Monaco<SUP>®</SUP> treatment planning system to validate the proposed method.</P> <P>The determined correction factors (<img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$k_{{{Q}_{\text{msr}}},Q}^{{{f}_{\text{smf}}},\,{{f}_{\text{ref}}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9155/61/3/1293/pmbaa0e14ieqn001.gif'/>) were comparable to the values derived from the MC computations performed using Monaco<SUP>®</SUP>. For example, for a 6 MV photon beam and a field size of 1 × 1 cm<SUP>2</SUP>, <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$k_{{{Q}_{\text{msr}}},Q}^{{{f}_{\text{smf}}},\,{{f}_{\text{ref}}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9155/61/3/1293/pmbaa0e14ieqn002.gif'/> was calculated to be <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$1.125$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9155/61/3/1293/pmbaa0e14ieqn003.gif'/> for a PTW 31010 chamber and <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$1.022$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9155/61/3/1293/pmbaa0e14ieqn004.gif'/> for a PTW 31016 chamber. On the other hand, the <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$k_{{{Q}_{\text{msr}}},Q}^{{{f}_{\text{smf}}},\,{{f}_{\text{ref}}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9155/61/3/1293/pmbaa0e14ieqn005.gif'/> values determined from the MC computations were 1.121 and 1.031, respectively; the difference between the proposed method and the MC computation is less than 2%. In addition, we determined the <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$k_{{{Q}_{\text{msr}}},Q}^{{{f}_{\text{smf}}},\,{{f}_{\text{ref}}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9155/61/3/1293/pmbaa0e14ieqn006.gif'/> values for PTW 30013, PTW 31010, PTW 31016, IBA FC23-C, and IBA CC13 chambers as well.</P> <P>We devised a method for determining <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$k_{{{Q}_{\text{msr}}},Q}^{{{f}_{\text{smf}}},\,{{f}_{\text{ref}}}}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9155/61/3/1293/pmbaa0e14ieqn007.gif'/> from both the measurement of the output factors and model-based mathematical computation. The proposed method can be useful in case the MC simulation would not be applicable for the clinical settings.</P>
Jino Baek,Jin Hyang Jung,Wan Wook Kim,Seung Ook Hwang,Jeeyeon Lee,Jin Gu Kang,Yee Soo Chae,Soo Jung Lee,Ji Yun Jeong,Ji Young Park,Jeong Woo Lee,Jung Dug Yang,Hye Jung Kim,Hoyong Park 한국유방암학회 2015 Journal of Breast Disease Vol.3 No.1
Most local recurrences following mastectomy with flap reconstruction develop in the superficial skin and subcutaneous fat layer or at the mastectomy site. However, there is a possibility of local recurrence in the reconstructed tissue with lymphangiogenesis into the reconstructed flap if the flap was harvested from a distant organ. We herein report a case of a patient with invasive carcinoma that exhibited extensive lymphovascular invasion and tumor emboli at the initial diagnosis and repeatedly recurred not only in the original breast skin and tissue, but also in the reconstructed flap.
Jino Park,Jeong-Hyun Lee,Jongsun Hong 대한지질학회 2021 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
Early synrift half-grabens, named here the Chilpo and Sinheung subbasins, are discovered based on the detailed geologic mapping in the north-central area of the Miocene Pohang Basin, which was previously regarded as basin center filled up with deep marine sedimentary successions. In this area, an unconformity between the basin-fill sedimentary successions and the basement rocks of Eocene rhyolitic and pre-Eocene sedimentary rocks are recognized on the basis of differential deformation. Pre-Miocene tectonic events possibly related to the movement of the NNE-striking Yangsan strike-slip fault system, the major basin margin fault in the west of the Pohang Basin, would have been responsible for the deformation in the basement rocks. The subbasins are bounded by NEE-striking normal faults and NNW-striking strike-slip faults. The sediment infills of the subbasins are represented by a deepening and fining-upward sequence consisting of alluvial coarse-grained conglomerate (FA1), fine-grained conglomerate and sandstone from transitional alluvial to nearshore marine conditions (FA2), and hemipelagic mudstone (FA3) in ascending order. Stratal wedging pattern of the associated deposits denotes that the younger strata are sequentially and consistently onlapped on the older strata in the hanging-wall or transfer fault zone, whereas the foot-wall basements are directly onlapped by the hemipelagic mudstones. These patterns are recognized from the both subbasins, and are interpreted as a result of combined effects including a “domino”-style block faulting that controlled continued subsidence and erosion of source area, and a continued rise of relative sea level. In contrast to the western margin of the Pohang Basin where large fan deltas developed along the basin-bounding faults, the Chilpo and Sinheung subbasins represent small alluvial fan systems developed during the initial stage of the basin opening. The development of these early synrift half-grabens in the north-central area of the Pohang Basin supports a contention that all of the Miocene basins in the SE Korea formed under the NW-trending extensional stress regime. This finding may be the last piece of the puzzle necessary to reveal the evolutionary history of the Pohang Basin that has been previously overlooked.
Urban Forest Monitoring in Korea since 1991: Case Study on Daegu Metropolitan City
Kwon, Jino,Cho, HyunJe,Choi, MyoungSnb,Park, Chan-Ryul,Sung, Joo-Han,Cho, Jae-Hyoung,Kim, Sunhee,Park, Jonggyun,Oh, Jeong-Hak Korean Society of Forest Science 2006 한국산림과학회지 Vol.95 No.5
To have better urban forests in future we are focusing on two major issues like other countries. How we could have more urban forest-quantitative approach-against the expanding of urbanization, and how we could produce better urban forest-qualitative approach-to give a chance in contact with better nature for urban people. Prime surveys on urban forests have been carried out in 6 major cities since 1991, and the city of Daegu which is located on the east southern area of Korea have been case studied for qualitative approaches during last 3 years. Major species of the remnant forests were Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida, Pinus thunbergii and Robinia pseudoacacia. Approximately 20% of the surveyed forests were lost their structure as forests caused by illegal farming, facilities and as the bare ground by excessive visitors. Generally speaking the condition of forests for biotope was very poor in overall. From two years data of monitoring of birds, we found that wooded parkways and woodland squares had more species than street tree areas. Nests were found mainly on the branch of Zelkova serrata, Pinus densiflora and Quercus myrsinaefolia. The size of urban forests mainly determined the species richness of birds. According to the oxygen output and carbon input by photosynthesis measurement, the capability was in order of Platanus occidentalis, Zelkova serrata and Ginko biloba. Air conditioning effects of trees through transpiration measurement was found and the quality of forests also related to the reducing of urban heat-island.