Recurrence of Breast Cancer with Tumor Lymphangiogenesis Involving the Reconstructed Transversus Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flap

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Most local recurrences following mastectomy with flap reconstruction develop in the superficial skin and subcutaneous fat layer or at the mastectomy site. However, there is a possibility of local recurrence in the reconstructed tissue with lymphangiogenesis into the reconstructed flap if the flap was harvested from a distant organ. We herein report a case of a patient with invasive carcinoma that exhibited extensive lymphovascular invasion and tumor emboli at the initial diagnosis and repeatedly recurred not only in the original breast skin and tissue, but also in the reconstructed flap.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Mohammed ZM, "The relationship between lymphovascular invasion and angiogenesis, hormone receptors, cell proliferation and survival in patients with primary operable invasive ductal breast cancer" 13 : 31-, 2013

2 Young Ju Song, "The Role of Lymphovascular Invasion as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Lymph Node-Positive Operable Invasive Breast Cancer" 한국유방암학회 14 (14): 198-203, 2011

3 Foster RD, "Skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction: a prospective cohort study for the treatment of advanced stages of breast carcinoma" 9 : 462-466, 2002

4 Schoppmann SF, "Prognostic value of lymphangiogenesis and lymphovascular invasion in invasive breast cancer" 240 : 306-312, 2004

5 Dinshaw KA, "Profile of prognostic factors in 1022 Indian women with early-stage breast cancer treated with breast-conserving therapy" 63 : 1132-1141, 2005

6 Ran S, "Lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer" 17 : 229-251, 2010

7 Kroll SS, "Local recurrence risk after skin-sparing and conventional mastectomy:a 6-year follow-up" 104 : 421-425, 1999

8 Yoo H, "Local recurrence of breast cancer in reconstructed breasts using TRAM flap after skin-sparing mastectomy: clinical and imaging features" 24 : 2220-2226, 2014

9 Gieni M, "Local breast cancer recurrence after mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction for invasive cancer: a meta-analysis" 21 : 230-236, 2012

10 Clough KB, "Improving breast cancer surgery: a classification and quadrant per quadrant atlas for oncoplastic surgery" 17 : 1375-1391, 2010

11 Medina-Franco H, "Factors associated with local recurrence after skinsparing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction for invasive breast cancer" 235 : 814-819, 2002

12 Wilting J, "Development of lymphatic vessels: tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic invasion" 12 : 3043-3053, 2005

13 Wilting J, "Development of lymphatic vessels: tumour lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic invasion" 12 : 3043-3053, 2005

14 Mahooti S, "Breast carcinomatous tumoral emboli can result from encircling lymphovasculogenesis rather than lymphovascular invasion" 1 : 131-147, 2010

15 Langstein HN, "Breast cancer recurrence after immediate reconstruction:patterns and significance" 111 : 712-720, 2003