Tunable paclitaxel release carrier using diselenide-disulfide balance as regulator

Jingwen Xu,Xiangji Yan,Yue Zhang,Kangsheng Tu,Wen Shen,Zhaoqing Tian,Guoliang Li,Wei Zhao,Mingzhen Zhang 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.109 No.-

There are many reasons that lead to the failure of cancer chemotherapy, such as uncontrolled drugrelease, low drug utilization, and severe side effects. To overcome these obstacles, two kinds of thermaland redox-responsive copolymers with multiple diselenide/disulfide linkages, polyethylene glycol -altdiselenodipropionate/disulfhydryldipropionate-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (abbreviated as PEG-alt-DSeDP-b-PNIPAM and PEG-alt-DSDP-b-PNIPAM) were fabricated by alternative esterification and followingatom transfer radical polymerization. Afterward, these prepared copolymers were mixed in line withthe mass ratio of 8:0, 5:3, 3:5, 0:8 (denoted as S1, S2, S3, and S4, respectively), and self-assembled withpaclitaxel (PTX) to obtain PTX-loaded S1, S2, S3, and S4 nanomicellar assemblies, aiming to realize PTXtunable release using diselenide-disulfide balance as regulator. The chemical structures of these twocopolymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography, indicating eight diselenide/disulfidelinkages and eight PEG units were contained in these copolymers. Moreover, the thermal-responsiveproperty was detected by UV–vis spectroscopy, meanwhile, the redox responsiveness was observed byTEM in the presence of 10 mM glutathione. We found that 76.90% of PTX was released from S1 nanomicelleswithin 23 h. In contrast, this percentage decreased to 64.53% for S4 nanomicelles even the incubationtime prolonged, indicating explosive and slow release behaviors of S1 and S4 nanomicelles,respectively. In addition, gradually decreased fluorescence intensity around the cellular nucleus wasoccurred from S1 to S4 orderly, which was consistent with cellular uptake and in vivo anti-tumor experiments. Taken together, this work not only provides a strategy for tunable PTX release, but also improveseffectiveness of PTX in cancer treatment.

Comparison of fracture toughness evaluating methods in 3Y-TZP ceramics reinforced with Al2O3 particles

Jingwen Xu 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2012 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.13 No.6

3Y-TZP/Al2O3 composites containing 0 to 30 vol% alumina were fabricated by sintering at 1550 ο C for 2 h. The fracture toughness was measured using a range of techniques. The fracture toughness measured using the single edge V-notched beam (SEVNB) method, the controlled surface flaw and indentation strength in bending methods decreased with increasing Al2O3 content. This can be explained by the increased critical transformation stress, decreased volume fraction of transformable tZrO2 and increased residual tensile stress. In contrast, the value obtained by the indentation fracture (IF) method showed an increasing tendency. Accordingly, the IF method is unsuitable for evaluating the fracture toughness of 3Y-TZP/Al2O3 composites. The SEVNB method is considered one of the most reliable methods for determining the fracture toughness of ceramic materials.

Energy management for households considering uncertainty in solar irradiance with various probability distribution

Jingwen Liu,Wei Wang,Yumin Zhang,Xingming Xu 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.5

The electricity load scheduling problem in a household with roof-top photovoltaic (PV) system can efficiently reduce customers’ payments. Compared with previous works in which common flat rate (CFR) has been used, this paper study the case where the time-of-use pricing (TOUP) is adopt. Two conditional equations are constructed for different gains of customers. This is caused by different power direction between the household and the main grid. The two conditional gains equations for the customer are transformed into linear equations by introducing auxiliary variables and linear expression techniques. As a result, established mathematical model to maximize gains for customer is transformed into a mixed integer linear programing (MILP) problem. Thus the resulting MILP model can be easily solved by existing powerful commercial solver. The adjustable and rating power consumption property of appliances are both considered. There are two different mathematic models for them respectively. The impact of reduction of the maximum exchange power between the household and the main grid on gains of the customer, gains of the main grid, load demand during off-peak time and energy exported to the main grid is also studied. The validity and feasibility of the proposed model is illustrated by the case studies.

Mechanical properties and machinability of AlN-hBN ceramics prepared by spark plasma sintering

公益社団法人 日本セラミックス協会 2009 JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN - Vol.117 No.1369

Antiviral genes in the Asian swamp eel Monopterus albus: comparison of tissue expression and inducible expression of six interferon regulatory factors

Qiaoqing Xu,Jin Wan,Tingshuang Pan,Jingwen Zhou,Kete Ai,Daiqin Yang 한국유전학회 2015 Genes & Genomics Vol.37 No.5

Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) play a vital role in the innate and adaptive immune system. The Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus) is one of the most economically important freshwater fishes in China. Immunological data on the species are scare. In the present study, the expression pattern of six types of interferon regulatory factor (IRF) was studied in the Asian swamp eel. Six IRFs except IRF4 were shown to be constitutively expressed in all tissues examined. Their transcription was significantly higher in lymphoid tissues, such as intestine, skin and spleen. Furthermore, IRF1 and IRF5 was also respectively expressed at a high level in the heart and brain. However, the transcript level of IRF4 was low even undetected in most tissues. After polyinosinic- polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) treatment, the transcript levels of IRF1 and IRF4 increased, while those of IRF5 and IRF7 decreased at some time points. However, IRF2 and IRF10 did not respond to the poly I:C challenge. In addition, infection with bacterial pathogen Aermonas hydrophila and an acanthocephalan could upregulate the IRFs’ expression. The results suggested that IRFs are related to the immune response to viral, bacterial and parasitic infection in Asian swamp eel, which will help to clarify the biological function of IRFs in the immune system.

Proline Enhances Torulopsis glabrata Growth during Hyperosmotic Stress

Sha Xu,Jingwen Zhou,Liming Liu,Jian Chen 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.2

This study investigated that the importing of compatible solute proline could enhance the growth of the yeast Torulopsis glabrata under hyperosmotic stress. Osmolarity progressively increased from 860 to 2,603mOsmol/kg by accumulation of sodium pyruvate in the culture broth, leading to a significant decrease in cell growth. When 1.0 g/L of proline as a compatible solute was added to the culture medium, it was imported and enhanced cell growth by 59.0% at 2,603 mOsmol/kg. By addition of proline during pyruvate production, the concentration,productivity, and yield of pyruvate increased 22.1, 38.4, and 14.3%, respectively. These results suggested that T. glabrata can import proline as an osmoprotectant against high osmotic stress, thus enhance pyruvate productivity. The improvement of yeast growth and viability under hyperosmotic stress by the addition of proline provided an alternative approach to enhance the organic acids production by yeast.

Synthesis and Functionalization of Copper-Doped Indium Phosphate Quantum Dots with Ratiometric Fluorescence

Bin Xu,Jingwen Xue,Jun Huang,Haojun Jin,Peng Shen,Qingjiang Sun 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.15 No.01

The doped quantum dots (QDs) that feature dual emission in one nanocrystal and long fluorescence lifetime have gained great interest in biosensing and bioimaging applications. In this work, we report the synthesis and functionalization of copper ion-doped indium phosphate (Cu:InP) QDs that exhibit simultaneous green InP emission and red Cu2+ emission. The oil-soluble QDs were synthesized by adsorbing Cu2+ onto InP core, followed by growing zinc selenide (ZnSe) shell via the successive ion layer adsorption reaction. During the synthesis, fluorescence ratiometry (and resultant multiple fluorescence colors) can be generated by changing either the dopant amount or the shell-growth time, but they act in a different manner: increasing the Cu2+ amount results in quenched InP emission and oppositely improved Cu2+ emission; the increase of shell-growth time leads to continuously improved Cu2+ emission relative to constant InP emission. Further, functionalization of the oil-soluble Cu:InP QDs with dihydrolipoic acid-polyethylene glycol (DHLA-PEG) via ligand exchange produces the water-soluble and biocompatible dual-emission QDs. The PEGylated Cu:InP QDs present desirable charge neutrality and excellent thermal stability and photostability, thereby holding high potential in a diversity of biomedical applications.

Dark Structures in Sunspot Light Bridges

Zhang, Jingwen,Tian, Hui,Solanki, Sami K.,Wang, Haimin,Peter, Hardi,Ahn, Kwangsu,Xu, Yan,Zhu, Yingjie,Cao, Wenda,He, Jiansen,Wang, Linghua American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Vol.865 No.1

Design of an Optical System for a Space Target Detection Camera

Liu Zhang,Jiakun Zhang,Jingwen Lei,Yutong Xu,Xue-Ying Lv 한국광학회 2022 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.6 No.4

In this paper, the details and design process of an optical system for space target detection cameras are introduced. The whole system is divided into three structures. The first structure is a short-focus vis-ible light system for rough detection in a large field of view. The field of view is 2°, the effective focallength is 1,125 mm, and the F-number is 3.83. The second structure is a telephoto visible light systemfor precise detection in a small field of view. The field of view is 1°, the effective focal length is 2,300mm, and the F-number is 7.67. The third structure is an infrared light detection system. The field ofview is 2°, the effective focal length is 390 mm, and the F-number is 1.3. The visible long-focus narrowfield of view and visible short-focus wide field of view are switched through a turning mirror. Design results show that the modulation transfer functions of the three structures of the system are close to the diffraction limit. It can further be seen that the short-focus wide-field-of-view distortion is controlledwithin 0.1%, the long-focus narrow-field-of-view distortion within 0.5%, and the infrared subsystem distortion within 0.2%. The imaging effect is good and the purpose of the design is achieved.

The Morphological Evaluation of the Cervical Muscle in Patients With Basilar Invagination: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Study

Junyu Lin,Panjie Xu,Jianying Zheng,Zhang Zefan,Jingwen Tan,Hang Xiao,Siyan Yu,Qingan Zhu,Wei Ji 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.3

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of functional muscle and muscle size in patients with basilar invagination (BI) and explore the effects of atlantoaxial dislocation. Methods: Eighty BI patients (BI group) and 80 age- and sex-matched asymptomatic people (control group) were included. Axial T2 magnetic resonance imaging image was used to measure the cross-sectional area (CSA) and functional CSA (FCSA). The sternocleidomastoid (SCM), longus capitis and longus colli (LCap & LC), trapezius (Trap), splenius capitis (SpCap), splenius cervicis (SpC), semispinalis capitis (SSCap), semispinalis cervicis (SSC), multifidus (MS), levator scapulae (LS) and posterior deep layer muscles (PDLM) were evaluated. Correlations between age, atlantodental interval (ADI), Chamberlain distance and muscles were observed. Results: BI group (39.4 ± 18.4 years; 33 males/47 females) exhibited significantly lower FCSA/CSA ratios than the control group in all extensor and flexor muscles, and presented smaller CSAs on the right and left Trap, SSC, LS, SCM, and left LCap & LC. FCSA/CSA ratios were significantly lower in BI patients with dislocation on the right Trap, SpCap, SpC, SSCap, MS, LS, LCap & LC, and PDLM, and the left SSCap, MS, and LCap & LC than in patients without deformity. Additionally, functional muscles of all parameters decreased with age in BI patients. Excluding children, the Trap, SpC, MS, and LS muscle sizes of BI patients tended to increase with age. ADI and Chamberlain distance tended to correlate negatively with FCSA/CSA ratio. Conclusion: The BI patients, especially those with atlantoaxial dislocation, had less functional muscles compared with the control group. Moreover, their functional muscles decreased with age more obviously.