선진유가사상에서 확장기제로서 우정의 역할 ― 『논어』와 『맹자』를 중심으로

이정인 ( Lee¸ Jeongin ),김도일 ( Kim¸ Doil ) 한국중국학회 2021 중국학보 Vol.97 No.-

본고에서는 『논어』, 『맹자』를 중심으로 유가적 우정을 규정하고, 유가적 우정이 親親의 배타성을 극복하는 확장기제로 기능할 가능성을 검토한다. 혈연에 대한 특별한 사랑을 의미하는 親親은 유가 윤리에서 모든 관계의 기초가 되는 중심적 위치에 있으나 혈연이 가지는 폐쇄적 측면에 따라 더 넓은 범위로의 확장성을 담보하기 어렵다. 친밀함에 기반하는 혈연 혹은 일반적 우정과 달리, 유가적 우정은 유가적 가치에 대한 공동의 지향과 이를 바탕으로 성립한 신뢰를 주요기반으로 하는 도덕적 동료와 같은 관계로 ‘도덕적 역량을 기준으로 한 선별적 형성’, 상대의 잘못된 윤리적 수행을 직접적으로 지적하는 ‘責善’, ‘도덕적 수행에 대한 신뢰’의 세 가지 특징적 요소를 가진다. 이 중 책선은 혈연 내에서 제한되는 반면 우정에서는 주요한 역할로 제시되는 역할의 구분이 나타나고, 이를 통해 혈연 내 관계와 우정의 보완적 작용이 공적 윤리에 대한 유가의 윤리적 기반의 부재 문제를 보충할 가능성을 확인할 수 있다. 유가적 우정은 혈연 내외, 대상과의 관계와 무관하게 부적절한 윤리적 수행에 대하여 평가자의 역할을 수행함에 따라, 유가적 우정은 혈연 내 관계에서 형성한 윤리적 기반을 혈연 외 범위로 적절하게 확장할 수 있도록 보완적으로 작용하는 하나의 확장기제로서 기능할 수 있다. This paper examines the Confucian concept of friendship in early Confucian text, and its possibility as an internal mechanism that overcomes the principle of differential care. There is a coexistence of the exceptional concern for family and the ethical concern for the universal object in the thought, but this aspect has received little attention. Confucian friendship is one of the social relationships between family and universal objects; however, it has not previously been focused on, especially by Korean scholars, and how Confucian friendship should be understood has not been agreed upon. Accordingly, this article defines Confucian friendship by the three characteristics: selective formation, a specific form of advice, and xin 信 (trustworthiness). The advice on Confucian friendship, which is called zeshan 責善 displays the difference between the basis of familial relationships and the basis of Confucian friendship. Confucian friendship has an independent status that is not subordinate to blood ties. The exclusive representation of a familial virtue can be criticized through the Confucian value system, and Confucian friendship provides feedback on both inside and outside the blood tie; therefore, it can operate as an intermediate step in explaining the expansion into ren 仁.

The effect of addition oxidants and degradation characteristics of perfluorooctane sulfonate by electron beam

Tae-Hun Kim(김태훈),Hyun Young Kim(김현영),Jeongin Kim(김정인),Kang Lee(이강),Seungho Yu(유승호),Yeowool Choi(최여울),Sang Don Kim(김상돈) 환경독성보건학회 2017 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2017 No.5

Comparative analysis of model performance for predicting the customer of cafeteria using unstructured data

Kim Seungsik,Gu Nami,Moon Jeongin,Kim Keunwook,Hwang Yeongeun,Lee Kyeongjun 한국통계학회 2023 Communications for statistical applications and me Vol.30 No.5

This study aimed to predict the number of meals served in a group cafeteria using machine learning methodology. Features of the menu were created through the Word2Vec methodology and clustering, and a stacking ensemble model was constructed using Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and CatBoost as sub-models. Re-sults showed that CatBoost had the best performance with the ensemble model showing an 8% improvement in performance. The study also found that the date variable had the greatest influence on the number of diners in a cafeteria, followed by menu characteristics and other variables. The implications of the study include the potential for machine learning methodology to improve predictive performance and reduce food waste, as well as the removal of subjective elements in menu classification. Limitations of the research include limited data cases and a weak model structure when new menus or foreign words are not included in the learning data. Future studies should aim to address these limitations.

Dual-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna with Switchable Orthogonal Linear Polarizations

Jeongin Kim,Youngje Sung 한국전자파학회JEES 2018 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.18 No.4

This study presents a dual-band polarization-reconfigurable antenna that comprises a large square patch with a pair of corner-cut edges and two small square patches with a shorting via. Two PIN diodes are located between the large square patch and two small square patches. Depending on the bias state applied to the two PIN diodes, each small patch may be disconnected or connected to the large square patch. As a result, the proposed antenna can provide polarization reconfigurability between two orthogonal linear polarizations. Further, the proposed antenna operates at 2.51 GHz and 2.71 GHz. From the measured results, the proposed antenna shows a 10 dB bandwidth of 2.39% (2.49-2.55 GHz) and 2.58% (2.68-2.75 GHz). In this work, the frequency ratio can be easily controlled by changing the size of the small patch.

A Method for Extracting Topics in News Twitter

Jeongin Kim,Byeongkyu Ko,Huijin Jeong,Pankoo Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.7 No.2

Single crystalline hollow metal–organic frameworks: a metal–organic polyhedron single crystal as a sacrificial template

Kim, Hyehyun,Oh, Minhak,Kim, Dongwook,Park, Jeongin,Seong, Junmo,Kwak, Sang Kyu,Lah, Myoung Soo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Chemical communications Vol.51 No.17

<P>Single crystalline hollow metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with cavity dimensions on the order of several micrometers and hundreds of micrometers were prepared using a metal–organic polyhedron single crystal as a sacrificial hard template. The hollow nature of the MOF crystal was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy of the crystal sliced using a focused ion beam.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Single crystalline hollow MOFs with cavity dimensions on the order of several micrometers and hundreds of micrometers were prepared using a metal–organic polyhedron single crystal as a sacrificial hard template. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cc10051d'> </P>

Improvement of Chemical Stability of BaCe0.9Y0.1O3/BaCe0.6Zr0.3Y0.1O3 Bi-Layer Electrolyte.

Kim, Jeongin,Park, Inyu,Lee, Hunhyeong,Shin, Dongwook American Scientific Publishers 2015 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.15 No.1

<P>Doped-BaCeO3 has high protonic conductivity at intermediate temperature, but poor chemical stability. In contrast, doped-BaZrO3 is rather stable, but has poor protonic conductivity. In this study, the BCY-BCZY bi-layer system was investigated in the hope of the synergetic improvement of high conductivity and good chemical stability. Nano-sized the BCY and modified-BCZY powders were prepared by the citric-nitrate route and bi-layer electrolyte made of BCY covered with a thin film BCY-BCZY deposited by the electrostatic slurry spray deposition. The improvement of chemical stability, measured in CO2 atmosphere, is turned out to be resulted from the substitution of Zr4+ cation. Overall, the BCY-BCZY bi-layer electrolyte shows promising improvement in chemical stability against produced water on the cathode side during the cell operation.</P>

<기획논문 - 독립운동과 대한민국 헌법정신> 초기 독립운동과 민주공화주의의 태동

김정인 ( Kim Jeongin ) 덕성여자대학교 인문과학연구소 2017 인문과학연구 Vol.24 No.-

조선말기ㆍ대한제국기에서 민주와 공화, 민주공화는 주로 정체의 형태로 주목받던 개념들이었다. 국망을 눈앞에 둔 현실에서 이것들이 서서히 주의이자 신념으로 자리 잡아갔다. 나라를 잃고는 임시정부를 수립하고자 했던 독립운동가들과 나라 잃은 인민은 민주공화주의에 입각한 독립국가의 건설을 꿈꿨다. 그러한 노력의 소중한 성과가 바로 대한민국임시정부의 수립과 민주공화제의 탄생이었다. 본고에서는 조선말기와 대한제국기에 걸쳐 민주와 공화, 민주공화의 개념이 확산되면서 공화정을 향한 꿈을 키우던 과정과 국망 이후 전개된 임시정부 수립 운동이 신국가 건설의 이념적 기치로 민주공화주의를 채택하는 양상을 살피고 있다. 나아가 이러한 초기 독립운동의 산물인 대한민국 임시정부와 민주공화제의 탄생의 의미를 짚어보고 있다. In the ending days of Joseon and also during the Daehan Empire period, concepts like democracy, republic and democratic republicanism were all perceived as concepts referring to political states. Witnessing the fall of the entire country now as a reality more than imminent, in the minds of the Korean people all these concepts slowly evolved from ideology to conviction. Liberation fighters who were struggling to found a provisional government, and not to mention all Korean people who just lost their homeland, dreamt of establishing an independent country based upon democratic republicanism. The result of such sincere and devoted efforts was no other than the foundation of the Korean Provisional Government, and the birth of a Korean Democratic Republican state. Examined in this article is how concepts like democracy, republic and democratic republicanism spreaded throughout the Korean peninsula in the transitional period between the Joseon dynasty and the Daehan Empire, as well as how the dream for a Republican country grew, and how the efforts to found the Korean Provisional Government employed Democratic Republicanism as its ideological flag. Also contemplated upon here is the meaning of the Korean Provisional Government and the Democratic Republicanism, which were all accomplished by the efforts of the Korean people displayed in the early phase of the Korean Liberation movement.

3.1운동 사례를 통해 본 역사 교과서의 시각과 구성에서의 변화 가능성 모색

김정인 ( Kim Jeongin ) 수선사학회 2021 史林 Vol.- No.78

This article proposes to try new compositions as well as alternative viewpoints in history education. Such proposition is based on the author’s own personal experiences in engaging not only historical studies but various educational activities. And in making this very point, the issue of how the March 1^st Movement has been depicted and described in History textbooks seems to be particularly useful. The history of certain events have always been depicted in History textbooks through description of certain elements: background, how it unfolded, and what kind of influence or legacy it left. This is a chronological approach to the event in question, based on a perspective or framework considering causes and result to be very important. The March 1^st Movement is a definitive example of such approach, and as it bear the honor of being a monumental cornerstone in the Korean people’s national efforts for liberation in the 20^th century’s early half, the event itself was most of the time written with a Nationalistic tone. The Movement’s distinctive image and nature of the narrative in the textbooks’ description of the event has remained relatively the same since the government’s First Education plan. Unfortunately, due to repeated description of the March 1^st Movement in this fashion, it is becoming increasingly difficult to break free from such mold, and as a result a rather fixed version of the Movement has been established, while recent academic accomplishments on the event have been constantly ignored. Moreover, certain factual errors concerning how the Movement actually unfolded remain virtually uncorrected, while an ever-growing Nationalist viewpoint emphasizing the Movement’s meaning in world history refuses to embrace new facts and interpretations produced by the community of historians. As a result, discrepancies between the image of the March 1^st Movement in History textbooks, and details of the movement uncovered by historical researches, just continue to build. We should endeavor to escape such Nationalistic point of view, as well as the aforementioned ‘causal’ framework, and indulge ourselves in democratic viewpoints accompanied by thematic approaches, as such effort will lead us to analyze and interpret the March 1^st Movement from fresh new angles. In that case, a number of new ways to teach this historical event to the students, based on new factual details and proper interpretations, will surface in the future.

정치적 무기로서의 역사, 역사전쟁의 다섯 국면

김정인(Kim Jeongin) 백산학회 2020 白山學報 Vol.0 No.117

1987년 6월 항쟁 이후 민주화가 진전되는 가운데 본격화된 역사전쟁의 배경과 전개과정, 그리고 결과가 자리한 곳에는 언제나 정치투쟁이 자리하고 있었다. 지난 30여 년간의 역사전쟁은 정치적 주류 자리를 둘러싼 보수와 진보세력 간의 치열한 정치투쟁 권력투쟁의 궤적과 함께했다. 그러므로 역사전쟁을 들여다본다는 것은 곧 민주화 이후 30여년 만에 이뤄진 보수에서 진보로의 주류 교체의 과정에서 역사, 즉 역사-정치담론이 수행한 정치적 역할을 살피는 것이기도 하다. 또한 정쟁의 소용돌이 속에서 발발한 역사전쟁에서 ‘진보의 전사’로 싸웠던 역사학이라는 학문이 ‘지금 여기’에서 성찰해야 할 것은 무엇인지 짚어보는 작업의 일환이기도 하다. 본고에서는 그동안 역사전쟁에 대한 축적된 연구 성과들을 기반으로 1987년 민주화 전후부터 오늘날까지 치열한 정쟁 속에 보수에서 진보로의 정치적 주류의 교체가 이뤄지는 과정과 역사전쟁이 얽혀 있음에 주목해 그 전개 과정을 다섯 국면으로 나누어 재해석하고자 한다. Since the struggle for Democracy of June 1987, while Democratic conventions have been established in the Korean society one by one, a totally different battle was being waged again and again over how to interpret historical events and trends, and those battles were always accompanied by political clashes. For the last three decades, all these ‘wars over history,’ or “History wars” as we came to label them, coincided with aggressive political conflicts between the conservatives and the progressives which continued to fight over a mainstream status and power in the Korean society. In that regard, review of all these “History wars” would prove most informative as they would certainly reveal what kind of role “History,” or ‘political History discourses’ to be exact, played in such political conflicts and not to mention an eventual turnover that came after over thirty years. Such review would also encourage us to contemplate on the issue of, as a field of academism, what should be done by Historiography, which virtually fought at the frontline of such conflict representing the progressive side of the battle, in the future. Examined in this article, based on studies of the so-called “History wars” that have been unfolding so far, are how political conflicts -which began with the Democratization process in 1987 and still continuing today-tended to intertwine with the mainstream power switch from conservatives to progressives, and spawned all those History wars. In such examination, the nature of such conflicts will be reinterpreted over five distinctive phases.