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FUZZY TORQUE CONTROL STRATEGY FOR PARALLEL HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES
PU J.-H.,YIN C.-L.,ZHANG J.-W. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2005 International journal of automotive technology Vol.6 No.5
This paper presents a novel design of a fuzzy control strategy (FCS) based on torque distribution for parallel hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). An empirical load-regulating vehicle operation strategy is developed on the basis of analysis of the components efficiency map data and the overall energy conversion efficiency. The aim of the strategy is to optimize the fuel economy and balance the battery state-of-charge (SOC), while satisfying the vehicle performance and drivability requirements. In order to accomplish this strategy, a fuzzy inference engine with a rule-base extracted from the empirical strategy is designed, which works as the kernel of a fuzzy torque distribution controller to determine the optimal distribution of the driver torque request between the engine and the motor. Simulation results reveal that compared with the conventional strategy which uses precise threshold parameters the proposed FCS improves fuel economy as well as maintains better battery SOC within its operation range.
FUZZY TORQUE CONTROL STRATEGY FOR PARALLEL HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES
J.-H. PU,C.-L. YIN,J.-W. ZHANG 한국자동차공학회 2005 International journal of automotive technology Vol.6 No.5
This paper presents a novel design of a fuzzy control strategy (FCS) based on torque distribution for parallel hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). An empirical load-regulating vehicle operation strategy is developed on the basis of analysis of the components efficiency map data and the overall energy conversion efficiency. The aim of the strategy is to optimize the fuel economy and balance the battery state-of-charge (SOC), while satisfying the vehicle performance and drivability requirements. In order to accomplish this strategy, a fuzzy inference engine with a rule-base extracted from the empirical strategy is designed, which works as the kernel of a fuzzy torque distribution controller to determine the optimal distribution of the driver torque request between the engine and the motor. Simulation results reveal that compared with the conventional strategy which uses precise threshold parameters the proposed FCS improves fuel economy as well as maintains better battery SOC within its operation range.
J.B. Liu,S C Cao,J Liu,J. Pu,L. Chen,H F Zhang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.12
Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary energy and lipase supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum profiles, intestinal morphology, small intestinal digestive enzyme activities, biochemical index of intestinal development and noxious gas emission in weaning pigs. Methods: A total of 240 weaning pigs ([Yorkshire×Landrace]×Duroc) with an average body weight (BW) of 7.3±0.12 kg were used in this 28-d experiment. Weaning pigs were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels of energy (net energy = 2,470 kcal/kg for low energy diet and 2,545 kcal/kg for basal diet) and 2 levels of lipase (0 and 1.5 U/g of lipase) according to BW and sex. There were 6 replications (pens) per treatment and 10 pigs per pen (5 barrows and 5 gilts). Results: Weaning pigs fed the low energy diet had lower (p<0.05) gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) throughout the experiment, apparent digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, ether extract, and gross energy during d 0 to 14, average daily gain during d 15 to 28, lipase activity in duodenum and ileum and protein/DNA in jejunum (p<0.05), respectively. Lipase supplementation had no effect on growth performance but affected apparent nutrient digestibility (p<0.05) on d 14 and enhanced lipase activity in the duodenum and ileum and protease activity in duodenum and jejunum of pigs (p<0.05) fed the low energy diet. Lipase reduced serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG), NH3 production (p<0.05) from the feces. Conclusion: The low energy diet decreased G:F throughout the experiment and nutrient digestibility during d 0 to 14 as well as lipase activity in duodenum and ileum. Lipase supplementation increased nutrient digestibility during d 0 to 14 and exerted beneficial effects on lipase activity in duodenum and ileum as well as protease activity in duodenum and jejunum, while reduced serum LDL-C, TG and fecal NH3.
Liu, J.,Zhang, D.,Pu, X.,Dong, D.,Cai, P.,Seo, H.J. North-Holland 2014 Materials letters Vol.130 No.-
Magnetically separable Zn<SUB>1-x</SUB>Cd<SUB>x</SUB>S/γ-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> (x=0-1) photocatalysts were synthesized by a one-step combustion method. The structures, morphologies, absorbance, optical and photocatalytic properties of the samples were studied by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and photoluminescence. The experimental results show that the formation of hexagonal Zn<SUB>1-x</SUB>Cd<SUB>x</SUB>S and γ-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and the combination of them were one-pot achieved. The Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> content has a significant influence on the absorbance of visible light and fluorescence properties. The magnetic properties of samples ensure the magnetic separation by using a magnet. CdS/γ-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> shows the best photocatalytic performance compared with other samples, ascribed to its small energy band gap and matching energy band structure between CdS and γ-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>. Moreover, no obvious deterioration was observed in the stability tests.
Novel tailoring algorithm for abrupt motion artifact removal in photoplethysmogram signals
Limeng Pu,Pedro J. Chacon,Hsiao-Chun Wu,최진우 대한의용생체공학회 2017 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.7 No.4
Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals are widelyused for wearable electronic devices nowadays. The PPGsignal is extremely sensitive to the motion artifacts (MAs)caused by the subject’s movement. The detection andremoval of such MAs remains a difficult problem. Due tothe complicated MA signal waveforms, none of the existingtechniques can lead to satisfactory results. In this paper,a new framework to identify and tailor the abrupt MAs inPPG is proposed, which consists of feature extraction,change-point detection, and MA removal. In order toachieve the optimal performance, a data-dependent framesizedetermination mechanism is employed. Experimentsfor the heart-beat-rate-measurement application have beenconducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposedmethod, by a correct detection rate of MAs at 98% and theaverage heart-beat-rate tracking accuracy above 97%. Onthe other hand, this new framework maintains the originalsignal temporal structure unlike the spectrum-basedapproach, and it can be further applied for the calculationof blood oxygen level (SpO2).
Saturation impulses for dynamically loaded structures with finite-deflections
Zhao, Ya-Pu,Yu, T.X.,Fang, J. Techno-Press 1995 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.3 No.6
The concept of "Saturation Impulse" for rigid, perfectly plastic structures with finite-deflections subjected to dynamic loading was put forward by Zhao, Yu and Fang (1994a). This paper extends the concept of Saturation Impulse to the analysis of structures such as simply supported circular plates, simply supported and fully clamped square plates, and cylindrical shells subjected to rectangular pressure pulses in the medium load range. Both upper and lower bounds of nondimensional saturation impulses are presented.
Impact of a compound drop on a dry surface
R. H. Chen,M. J. Kuo,S. L. Chiu,J. Y. Pu,T. H. Lin 대한기계학회 2007 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.21 No.11
The impact of a water-in-oil compound drop on a dry quartz surface was studied. The impact outcomes depended on a core-to-overall mass ratio and a Weber number. For a Weber number less than 570 and a core-to-overall mass ratio ranging from 0.07 to 0.7, five collision patterns were observed: complete deposition, shell deposition with core partial rebound, shell splash with core-shell deposition, shell splash with core partial rebound, and shell splash with core-shell partial rebound. Past research has indicated that the splash phenomenon depends strongly on liquid properties such as surface tension and viscosity in addition to the properties of the solid surface and the surrounding gas. The liquid properties in a compound drop were made non-uniform by the presence of additional interfaces in the interior of the liquid drop.