A modelling approach to study the fouling of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor for industrial wastewater treatment

Charfi, Amine,Thongmak, Narumol,Benyahia, Boumediene,Aslam, Muhammad,Harmand, Jé,rô,me,Amar, Nihel Ben,Lesage, Geoffroy,Sridang, Porntip,Kim, Jeonghwan,Heran, Marc Elsevier 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.245 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>An Anaerobic Membrane BioReactors (AnMBR) model is presented in this paper based on the combination of a simple fouling model and the Anaerobic Model 2b (AM2b) to describe biological and membrane dynamic responses in an AnMBR. In order to enhance the model calibration and validation, Trans-Membrane Pressure (TMP), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), COD, Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA) and methane production were measured. The model shows a satisfactory description of the experimental data with R<SUP>2</SUP> ≈0.9 for TMP data and R<SUP>2</SUP> ≈0.99 for biological parameters. This new model is also proposed as a numerical tool to predict the deposit mass composition of suspended solid and Soluble Microbial Products (SMP) on the membrane surface. The effect of SMP deposit on the TMP jump phenomenon is highlighted. This new approach offers interesting perspectives for fouling prediction and the on-line control of an AnMBR process.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A model has been proposed to simulate fouling in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor. </LI> <LI> The proposed model is able to simulate the major foulants concentrations in the AnMBR. </LI> <LI> A numerical tool has been developed to determine the deposit cake composition. </LI> <LI> The Transmembrane pressure jump is due to a decrease in cake porosity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

The kinematic evolution of the Macquarie Plate: A case study for the fragmentation of oceanic lithosphere

Choi, Hakkyum,Kim, Seung-Sep,Dyment, Jé,rô,me,Granot, Roi,Park, Sung-Hyun,Hong, Jong Kuk Elsevier 2017 Earth and planetary science letters Vol.478 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The tectonic evolution of the Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR), and in particular of its easternmost edge, has not been constrained by high-resolution shipboard data and therefore the kinematic details of its behavior are uncertain. Using new shipboard magnetic data obtained by R/VIB <I>Araon</I> and M/V <I>L'Astrolabe</I> along the easternmost SEIR and available archived magnetic data, we estimated the finite rotation parameters of the Macquarie–Antarctic and Australian–Antarctic motions for eight anomalies (1o, 2, 2Ay, 2Ao, 3y, 3o, 3Ay, and 3Ao). These new finite rotations indicate that the Macquarie Plate since its creation ∼6.24 million years ago behaved as an independent and rigid plate, confirming previous estimates. The change in the Australian–Antarctic spreading direction from N–S to NW–SE appears to coincide with the formation of the Macquarie Plate at ∼6.24 Ma. Analysis of the estimated plate motions indicates that the initiation and growth stages of the Macquarie Plate resemble the kinematic evolution of other microplates and continental breakup, whereby a rapid acceleration in angular velocity took place after its initial formation, followed by a slow decay, suggesting that a decrease in the resistive strength force might have played a significant role in the kinematic evolution of the microplate. The motions of the Macquarie Plate during its growth stages may have been further enhanced by the increased subducting rates along the Hjort Trench, while the Macquarie Plate has exhibited constant growth by seafloor spreading.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> New finite rotations of Australian–Macquarie–Antarctic Plates over the last ∼7 Myr. </LI> <LI> Macquarie Plate initiation/growth stages resemble kinematic evolution of microplates and continental breakup. </LI> <LI> Oceanic lithosphere fragmentation might serve to accommodate plate reorganization. </LI> </UL> </P>

Variations in benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the Tagus mud belt during the last 5700 years: Implications for Tagus River discharge

Dessandier, Pierre-Antoine,Bonnin, Jé,rô,me,Malaizé,, Bruno,Lambert, Clé,ment,Tjallingii, Rik,Warden, Lisa,Sinninghe Damsté,, Jaap S.,Kim, Jung-Hyun Elsevier 2018 Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology Vol.496 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We analyzed a 10-m sediment core retrieved at 82 m water depth off the coast of the Tagus River (Western Iberian Margin, Portugal) to investigate a linkage between variations in benthic foraminiferal assemblages and Tagus River discharge over the last 5700 years. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages were studied at high resolution in combination with the stable carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of fossil shells of <I>Nonion scaphum</I>, bulk and molecular organic matter properties (TOC, TN, C/N ratio, δ<SUP>13</SUP>C<SUB>TOC</SUB>, δ<SUP>15</SUP>N<SUB>bulk</SUB>, and BIT index), magnetic susceptibility, and XRF analyses. Three periods of environmental changes were identified: 1) high Tagus River discharge in 5750–2200 calendar year before present (cal yr BP), 2) lower discharge characterized by intense upwelling conditions (2250–1250 cal yr BP), and 3) both intense upwelling and Tagus River discharge (1250 cal yr BP-present). The data reveal alternating intense upwelling periods, as shown by the dominance of <I>Cassidulina carinata</I>, <I>Valvulineria bradyana</I>, or <I>Bulimina marginata</I>, whereas periods of increased river discharge are indicated by increase of <I>N. scaphum</I>, <I>Ammonia beccarii</I>, and <I>Planorbulina mediterranensis</I>. The Tagus River discharge was the strongest during the first period, transporting riverine material further offshore and preventing the establishment of a mud belt on the mid-shelf (around 100 m depth). During the second period, a decrease in Tagus River discharge favored the formation of the Tagus mud belt and strongly influenced the benthic environment by creating an organic matter stock. During the third period, intense upwelling and increased Tagus River discharge were recorded by benthic foraminiferal distribution, with an increase of terrestrial elements present in the mud belt. Furthermore, our results showed that variations in benthic foraminiferal assemblages corresponded to the well-known climatic periods in the study area, such as the Roman Period, the Dark Ages, the Medieval Warm Period, and the Little Ice Age. Our study strongly suggests that benthic foraminiferal assemblages can be used as a bio-indicator to trace the influence of past river discharge.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Benthic foraminifera allow the reconstruction of past Tagus River discharges. </LI> <LI> Three different periods of environmental changes have been identified. </LI> <LI> Major change is due to the Tagus mud belt onset at around 2000 yr BP. </LI> <LI> Upwelling active periods are linked with positive phases of NAO. </LI> <LI> Tagus River discharges are associated with negative phases of NAO. </LI> </UL> </P>

Revisiting the redistancing problem using the Hopf–Lax formula

Lee, Byungjoon,Darbon, Jé,rô,me,Osher, Stanley,Kang, Myungjoo Elsevier 2017 Journal of computational physics Vol.330 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This article presents a fast new numerical method for redistancing objective functions based on the Hopf–Lax formula . The algorithm suggested here is a special case of the previous work in and an extension that applies the Hopf–Lax formula for computing the signed distance to the front. We propose the split Bregman approach to solve the minimization problem as a solution of the eikonal equation obtained from Hopf–Lax formula. Our redistancing procedure is expected to be generalized and widely applied to many fields such as computational fluid dynamics, the minimal surface problem, and elsewhere.</P>

Biogranules applied in environmental engineering

Milferstedt, Kim,Hamelin, Jé,rô,me,Park, Chul,Jung, Jinyoung,Hwang, Yuhoon,Cho, Si-Kyung,Jung, Kyung-Won,Kim, Dong-Hoon Elsevier 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY - Vol.42 No.45

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The efficiency of wastewater treatment with renewable energy generation has been greatly improved with the development of biogranules. In this review article, various types of biogranules (methanogenic, hydrogenic, aerobic, anaerobic ammonium oxidation, and oxygenic photogranules) applied in environmental engineering are introduced along with their history, theories on how they are formed, physico-chemical and morphological characteristics, and the effects on enhanced performance. Although each individual granule has its own characteristics, there might be something in common that the formation is related with high production of extracellular polymeric substances, and they all have high hydrophobicity, settling velocity, and density. To our knowledge, this is the first review article dealing with various types of biogranules. The information given herein will provide a chance for a deep understanding on biogranules in both fundamental research and engineering point of views.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CH<SUB>4</SUB>- and H<SUB>2</SUB>-producing, aerobic, anammox, and oxygenic photogranules are introduced. </LI> <LI> History, formation theory, and characteristics of each granule was explained. </LI> <LI> Compared to flocculated sludge, granule system showed much higher performance. </LI> <LI> The future research area for individual granule was addressed. </LI> </UL> </P>

Triphenylamine 3,6-carbazole derivative as hole-transporting material for mixed cation perovskite solar cells

Nakar, Rana,Cho, An-Na,Berton, Nicolas,Faure-Vincent, Jé,rô,me,Tran Van, Franç,ois,Park, Nam-Gyu,Schmaltz, Bruno Springer-Verlag 2018 Chemické zvesti Vol.72 No.7

Subcritical Crack Growth Resistance of Low Temperature Degradation-Free Zirconia/Alumina Composites for Medical Applications

Kim, Dae Joon,Park, Il Seok,Lee, Kwon Yong,Chevalier, Jé,rô,me,El Attaoui, Hassan,Han, Jung Suk Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2005 Key Engineering Materials Vol.284 No.-

Equilibrium of an elastically confined liquid drop

Kwon, Hyuk-Min,Kim, Ho-Young,Puë,ll, Jé,rô,me,Mahadevan, L. American Institute of Physics 2008 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS - Vol.103 No.9

An asymmetric SMC–kleisin bridge in prokaryotic condensin

Bü,rmann, Frank,Shin, Ho-Chul,Basquin, Jé,rô,me,Soh, Young-Min,Gimé,nez-Oya, Victor,Kim, Yeon-Gil,Oh, Byung-Ha,Gruber, Stephan Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2013 Nature structural & molecular biology Vol.20 No.3

Eukaryotic structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC)–kleisin complexes form large, ring-shaped assemblies that promote accurate chromosome segregation. Their asymmetric structural core comprises SMC heterodimers that associate with both ends of a kleisin subunit. However, prokaryotic condensin Smc–ScpAB is composed of symmetric Smc homodimers associated with the kleisin ScpA in a postulated symmetrical manner. Here, we demonstrate that Smc molecules have two distinct binding sites for ScpA. The N terminus of ScpA binds the Smc coiled coil, whereas the C terminus binds the Smc ATPase domain. We show that in Bacillus subtilis cells, an Smc dimer is bridged by a single ScpAB to generate asymmetric tripartite rings analogous to eukaryotic SMC complexes. We define a molecular mechanism that ensures asymmetric assembly, and we conclude that the basic architecture of SMC–kleisin rings evolved before the emergence of eukaryotes.

A review on anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) focused on modelling and control aspects

Robles, Á,ngel,Ruano, Maria Victoria,Charfi, Amine,Lesage, Geoffroy,Heran, Marc,Harmand, Jé,rô,me,Seco, Aurora,Steyer, Jean-Philippe,Batstone, Damien J.,Kim, Jeonghwan,Ferrer, Jos&eac Elsevier 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.270 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The use of anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology (AnMBR) is rapidly expanding. However, depending on the application, AnMBR design and operation is not fully mature, and needs further research to optimize process efficiency and enhance applicability. This paper reviews state-of-the-art of AnMBR focusing on modelling and control aspects. Quantitative environmental and economic evaluation has demonstrated substantial advantages in application of AnMBR to domestic wastewater treatment, but detailed modelling is less mature. While anaerobic process modelling is generally mature, more work is needed on integrated models which include coupling between membrane performance (including fouling) and the biological process. This should include microbial factors, which are important to generation of specific foulants such as soluble and particulate inert organics. Mature and well-established control tools, including better feedback control strategies are also required for both the process, and for fouling control.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> AnMBR needs further research to optimize process efficiency. </LI> <LI> Modelling can provide insight into the factors playing a key role in AnMBR. </LI> <LI> Process models still face a long path to adaptation in practice. </LI> <LI> Better understanding of fouling mechanisms in AnMBRs is required. </LI> <LI> Control strategies can be further optimized from mechanistic knowledge of fouling. </LI> </UL> </P>