Meet-the-Professor Luncheon : Is Peptic Ulcer Disease an Infectious Disease?

( Jon I. Isenberg ) 대한소화기학회 1993 SIDDS Vol.2 No.-

Physiology and Pathophysiology of Gastro-duodenal Bicarbonate Secretion

( G. Flemstrom ),( J. I. Isenberg ) 대한소화기학회 1993 SIDDS Vol.2 No.-

Evaluation of Slope Stability in Bioreactor Landfill Environment

( James Law ),( Robert Isenberg ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2011 ISWA Vol.2011 No.0

Slope stability evaluation in a bioreactor landfill environment, in which significant volumes of leachate or other liquids are introduced into the waste mass, is influenced by many factors. These factors include the waste shear strength and decomposition, the liner interface shear strength, landfill liquid and gas management practices, in-situ waste density, landfill operations and filling sequence, and final landfill slope configurations. Analytical and modeling experience is necessary to predict the landfill slope performance under bioreactor operation by calculating its factor of safety against instability. Bioreactor landfills should be engineered, constructed, monitored and operated purposefully to be stable under anticipated loading conditions. Landfill operations are critical to maintaining stability and providing conditions ideal for waste decomposition. This paper focuses on the effect of waste property changes in the in-situ waste density and its waste shear strength and thus to the factor of safety against slope movement due to operations of the landfill in a bioreactor environment. Definitions and calculations of the waste moisture content will be discussed in detail, whether it is by volumetric or gravimetric (wet or dry weight) basis, since it has significant impact of waste density and leachate volume calculations, and is frequently undefined in technical papers. Under bioreactor landfill environment, the moisture content and the in-situ waste density will increase and the waste shear strength will also change. The in-situ waste density on wet basis can be increased with depth of waste, compaction effort, soil daily cover, time and settlement, and moisture content addition as a result of bioreactor operations. These cumulative effects on in-situ waste density can increase by as much as 40 to 70 percent but have limited impact on its factor of safety when compared to the change in waste shear strength. Waste shear strength is the most critical parameter and will change over time due to the decomposition process and also with increasing moisture content. Although there is very limited information and testing on waste materials, some prediction and estimation can be done through the use of existing published data and also through back-calculation from documented landfill slope failures. A case study was presented to illustrate the sensitivity and impact on the calculated factor of safety by changing the waste shear strength and in-situ density for landfills operating under bioreactor environment. As illustrated from the results of this sensitivity study, it is recommended that as the waste density and its shear strength change with time, it is important to develop and follow an operations plan on bioreactor landfill based on design criteria and to monitor liquids, sludges, or other additions continuously. It is also important to keep liquids addition or injection away from slopes during bioreactor landfill operations.

Sacral Insufficiency Fractures : How to Classify?

Bakker, Gesa,Hattingen, Joerg,Stuetzer, Hartmut,Isenberg, Joerg The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2018 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.61 No.2

Objective : The diagnosis of insufficiency fractures of the sacrum in an elder population increases annually. Fractures show very different morphology. We aimed to classify sacral insufficiency fractures according to the position of cortical break and possible need for intervention. Methods : Between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2014, all patients with a proven fracture of the sacrum following a low-energy or an even unnoticed trauma were prospectively registered : 117 females and 13 males. All patients had a computer tomography of the pelvic ring, two patients had a magnetic resonance imaging additionally : localization and involvement of the fracture lines into the sacroiliac joint, neural foramina or the spinal canal were identified. Results : Patients were aged between 46 and 98 years (mean, 79.8 years). Seventy-seven patients had an unilateral fracture of the sacral ala, 41 bilateral ala fractures and 12 patients showed a fracture of the sacral corpus : a total of 171 fractures were analyzed. The first group A included fractures of the sacral ala which were assessed to have no or less mechanical importance (n=53) : fractures with no cortical disruption ("bone bruise") (A1; n=2), cortical deformation of the anterior cortical bone (A2; n=4), and fracture of the anterolateral rim of ala (A3; n=47). Complete fractures of the sacral ala (B; n=106) : parallel to the sacroiliac joint (B1; n=63), into the sacroiliac joint (B2; n=19), and involvement of the sacral foramina respectively the spinal canal (B3; n=24). Central fractures involving the sacral corpus (C; n=12) : fracture limited to the corpus or finishing into one ala (C1; n=3), unidirectional including the neural foramina or the spinal canal or both (C2; n=2), and horizontal fractures of the corpus with bilateral sagittal completion (C3; n=8). Sixty-eight fractures proceeded into the sacroiliac joint, 34 fractures showed an injury of foramina or canal. Conclusion : The new classification allowes the differentiation of fractures of less mechanical importance and a risk assessment for possible polymethyl methacrylate leaks during sacroplasty in the direction of the neurological structures. In addition, identification of instable fractures in need for laminectomy and surgical stabilization is possible.

The Flow of the Interstellar Plasmas surrounding the Heliopause estimated via IBEX-Lo Observations

Jeewoo Park,Harald Kucharek,Philip A. Isenberg,Nikolaos Paschalidis 한국천문학회 2018 天文學會報 Vol.43 No.1

Human Duodenal Mucosal Bicarbonate Secretion in Health and Disease

( Daniel L. Hogan ),( Jon I. Isenberg ) 대한소화기학회 1993 SIDDS Vol.2 No.-

Bristle Maps: A Multivariate Abstraction Technique for Geovisualization

SungYe Kim,Maciejewski, R.,Malik, A.,Yun Jang,Ebert, D. S.,Isenberg, T. IEEE 2013 IEEE transactions on visualization and computer gr Vol.19 No.9

<P>We present Bristle Maps, a novel method for the aggregation, abstraction, and stylization of spatiotemporal data that enables multiattribute visualization, exploration, and analysis. This visualization technique supports the display of multidimensional data by providing users with a multiparameter encoding scheme within a single visual encoding paradigm. Given a set of geographically located spatiotemporal events, we approximate the data as a continuous function using kernel density estimation. The density estimation encodes the probability that an event will occur within the space over a given temporal aggregation. These probability values, for one or more set of events, are then encoded into a bristle map. A bristle map consists of a series of straight lines that extend from, and are connected to, linear map elements such as roads, train, subway lines, and so on. These lines vary in length, density, color, orientation, and transparencyâcreating the multivariate attribute encoding scheme where event magnitude, change, and uncertainty can be mapped as various bristle parameters. This approach increases the amount of information displayed in a single plot and allows for unique designs for various information schemes. We show the application of our bristle map encoding scheme using categorical spatiotemporal police reports. Our examples demonstrate the use of our technique for visualizing data magnitude, variable comparisons, and a variety of multivariate attribute combinations. To evaluate the effectiveness of our bristle map, we have conducted quantitative and qualitative evaluations in which we compare our bristle map to conventional geovisualization techniques. Our results show that bristle maps are competitive in completion time and accuracy of tasks with various levels of complexity.</P>

Neuropsychiatric events at the time of diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus: An international inception cohort study

Hanly, J. G.,Urowitz, M. B.,Sanchez-Guerrero, J.,Bae, S. C.,Gordon, C.,Wallace, D. J.,Isenberg, D.,Alarcó,n, G. S.,Clarke, A.,Bernatsky, S.,Merrill, J. T.,Petri, M.,Dooley, M. A.,Gladman, D.,For Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Vol.56 No.1

<B>Objective</B><P>To describe the prevalence, characteristics, attribution, and clinical significance of neuropsychiatric (NP) events in an international inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.</P><B>Methods</B><P>The study was conducted by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC). Patients were enrolled within 15 months of fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) SLE classification criteria. All NP events within a predefined enrollment window were identified using the ACR case definitions of 19 NP syndromes. Decision rules were derived to determine the proportion of NP disease attributable to SLE. Clinical significance was determined using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey and the SLICC/ACR Damage Index (SDI).</P><B>Results</B><P>A total of 572 patients (88% female) were recruited, with a mean ± SD age of 35 ± 14 years. The mean ± SD disease duration was 5.2 ± 4.2 months. Within the enrollment window, 158 of 572 patients (28%) had at least 1 NP event. In total, there were 242 NP events that encompassed 15 of 19 NP syndromes. The proportion of NP events attributed to SLE varied from 19% to 38% using alternate attribution models and occurred in 6.1–11.7% of patients. Those with NP events, regardless of attribution, had lower scores on the SF-36 and higher SDI scores compared with patients with no NP events.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Twenty-eight percent of SLE patients experienced at least 1 NP event around the time of diagnosis of SLE, of which only a minority were attributed to SLE. Regardless of attribution, the occurrence of NP events was associated with reduced quality of life and increased organ damage.</P>

Autoantibodies and neuropsychiatric events at the time of systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosis: Results from an international inception cohort study

Hanly, J. G.,Urowitz, M. B.,Siannis, F.,Farewell, V.,Gordon, C.,Bae, S. C.,Isenberg, D.,Dooley, M. A.,Clarke, A.,Bernatsky, S.,Gladman, D.,Fortin, P. R.,Manzi, S.,Steinsson, K.,Bruce, I. N.,Ginzler, E Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Vol.58 No.3

<B>Objective</B><P>To examine, in an inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, the association between neuropsychiatric (NP) events and anti–ribosomal P (anti-P), antiphospholipid (lupus anticoagulant [LAC], anticardiolipin), anti–β2-glycoprotein I, and anti–NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies.</P><B>Methods</B><P>NP events were identified using the American College of Rheumatology case definitions and clustered into central/peripheral and diffuse/focal events. Attribution of NP events to SLE was determined using decision rules of differing stringency. Autoantibodies were measured without knowledge of NP events or their attribution.</P><B>Results</B><P>Four hundred twelve patients were studied (87.4% female; mean ± SD age 34.9 ± 13.5 years, mean ± SD disease duration 5.0 ± 4.2 months). There were 214 NP events in 133 patients (32.3%). The proportion of NP events attributed to SLE varied from 15% to 36%. There was no association between autoantibodies and NP events overall. However, the frequency of anti-P antibodies in patients with central NP events attributed to SLE was 4 of 20 (20%), versus 3 of 107 (2.8%) in patients with other NP events and 24 of 279 (8.6%) in those with no NP events (P = 0.04). Among patients with diffuse NP events, 3 of 11 had anti-P antibodies (27%), compared with 4 of 111 patients with other NP events (3.6%) and 24 of 279 of those with no NP events (8.6%) (P = 0.02). Specific clinical–serologic associations were found between anti-P and psychosis attributed to SLE (P = 0.02) and between LAC and cerebrovascular disease attributed to SLE (P = 0.038). There was no significant association between other autoantibodies and NP events.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Clinically distinct NP events attributed to SLE and occurring around the time of diagnosis were found to be associated with anti-P antibodies and LAC. This suggests that there are different autoimmune pathogenetic mechanisms, although low sensitivity limits the clinical application of testing for these antibodies.</P>

Accumulation of coronary artery disease risk factors over three years: Data from an international inception cohort

Urowitz, M. B.,Gladman, D.,Ibañ,ez, D.,Fortin, P.,Sanchez-Guerrero, J.,Bae, S.,Clarke, A.,Bernatsky, S.,Gordon, C.,Hanly, J.,Wallace, D.,Isenberg, D.,Ginzler, E.,Merrill, J.,Alarcó,n, G. S Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Vol.59 No.2

<B>Objective</B><P>To examine the accumulation of risk factors over 3 years in a multicenter, international inception cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).</P><B>Methods</B><P>The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics registry for atherosclerosis comprises 27 centers from 11 countries. An inception cohort of 935 patients with SLE was assembled, according to a standardized protocol, from 2000 to 2006 to study risk factors for atherosclerosis. Both classic and other coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors were collected at entry and through 3 years of followup. Therapy was documented over the 3 years. The Framingham 10-year risk factor profile was calculated for each patient at year 1 and year 3.</P><B>Results</B><P>A total of 278 patients from the inception cohort were followed for 3 years and constituted the population for this study. At enrollment a substantial number of patients already demonstrated several risk factors for CAD, both classic and other. All risk factors increased from enrollment over the 3 years of followup. Treatment of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia also increased over 3 years, but less so for hypercholesterolemia. The Framingham 10-year CAD risk profile was higher in men than in women both at entry and at 3 years, and remained unchanged over the 3 years. Corticosteroid use increased only slightly over 3 years, but use of antimalarials and immunosuppressive agents increased to a greater extent.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Patients with SLE should be monitored for CAD risk factors from the time of diagnosis and appropriate treatment should be instituted early.</P>