Telugu maatram: A Morpheme that Agrees with an only-Operator

Isaac Gould 한국생성문법학회 2018 생성문법연구 Vol.28 No.3

Gould, Isaac. 2018. Telugu maatram: A Morpheme that Agrees with an only-Operator. Studies in Generative Grammar, 28-3, 365-388. This paper provides an initial description of Telugu (Dravidian) maatram, a morpheme that indicates the semantics of an exhaustivity operator (akin to English only), which I call an only-Operator. The distribution of maatram has an interesting property: a VP-internal maatram appears to require the associate of this operator to be the entire VP. Accounting for this poses a challenge to a straightforward mapping between the form maatram and the meaning of the operator. In response to this challenge, I propose dissociating the semantic force of exhaustification from the morpheme maatram. Thus I propose that there are phonologically null semantic only-Operators, and that maatram is an overt morpho-syntactic marker that instead plays a role in indicating the associate of these operators. Crucially, an operator and maatram are involved in a relation of syntactic agreement, and the locality of this relation allows us to account for the distribution of maatram and the associate of the operator.

Comparative Analysis of Pathogenic Organisms in Cockroaches from Different Community Settings in Edo State, Nigeria

Clement Isaac,Philip Ogbeide Orue,Mercy Itohan Iyamu,Joy Imuetiyan Ehiaghe,Osesojie Isaac 대한기생충학열대의학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.52 No.2

Foreign aid—Economic Growth Nexus in Africa: Does Financial Development Matter?

Appiah-Otoo Isaac,Acheampong Alex O.,Song Na,Obeng Camara Kwasi,Appiah Isaac K. 한국국제경제학회 2022 International Economic Journal Vol.36 No.3

This study explored the role of financial development in foreign aid (measured by agriculture, humanitarian, health, economic infrastructure and services, and education aid) and economic growth relationship for 37 African countries spanning the 2002–2018 period. Using the instrumental variable generalized method of moments model, our findings indicated that while foreign aid impedes Africa’s growth, financial development spurs economic growth. The conditional effect analysis showed that financial development conditions foreign aid to spur economic growth. The country-specific analysis further showed that foreign aid has a higher growth elasticity in countries with relatively better financial systems, such as Mauritius, South Africa, Gabon, Tunisia, and Botswana, whilst the growth elasticity of aid is smaller in countries with a relatively weak financial system such as Malawi, Guinea Bissau, Sierra Leone, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The study recommended the need for policymakers in Africa to implement innovative ways to improve domestic revenue mobilization. The study also recommended that policymakers in Africa should create an enabling environment that will enhance the development of Africa’s financial system to mitigate the adverse effect of aid on economic growth.

Physiological, anthropometric parameters, and balance skill response of healthy bankers to fitness training

Abigail Oforiwaa Doku,Monday Omoniyi Moses,Isaac Kwaku Acheampong,Isaac Gyamfi,Charles Agbavor,Lady Gwendoline Akwa,Francis Osei,Eric Junior Appiah,Isaac Azo Tiguridaane,Prince De-Gaulle Deku 한국운동재활학회 2019 JER Vol.15 No.2

ANALYZING THE CROSS CULTURAL IMPACT OF THE “WORLD OF BARBIE” ON YOUNG INDIAN GIRLS IN SHAPING THEIR MINDSET TO BELONG TO A TRANSNATIONAL IMAGINED COMMUNITY

Isaac Jacob,Monica Khanna,Krupa Rai 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

This paper establishes the link between the “World of Barbie” and its influence in shaping the mindset of young, educated, urban Indian girls born post 1985 to belong to an albeit Transnational Imagined Community. Barbie, launched in India in 1985 by Mattel Toys India Ltd, quickly captured the mind, hearts and lives of young girls in the age 4-8years. Girls in the urban affluent Indian households became addicted to this “World of Barbie” and have enthusiastically imbibed the Barbie culture. Barbie, as Macdougall (2003) calls is a “Transnational Commodity”, has changed the way young Indian girls think of themselves belonging to a “Transnational Imagined Community”’ – be it the type of outfit they wear, how they converse with their peers, the way they define ‘glamour’ or ‘well-turned out’, or their aspired future state. The authors conducted a research amongst English speaking educated urban Indian affluent girls born between 1985 and 1998 who have internalized the “World of Barbie” which includes fashion accessories, bath sets, kitchen accessories etc. and enquired into how young girls think beyond their immediate environment , so as to delve deeper into the seminal work of Anderson(1983) on “Imagined Communities”. The present paper adopts the mix method research approach. Study 1 (Depth Interview) uses the deep understanding principle of case study research. Case study research is knowledge of “sense-making” processes created by individuals for a given stimuli (Woodside, 2010). Theory is built using case study research (CSR). “CSR method is an inquiry that focuses on describing, understanding, predicting, and/or controlling the individual” (Woodside (2010). Using CSR approach, Study 2 (focus group discussion) with Control group (girls not played with Barbie) and Research group (played with Barbie) was conducted. The authors used interpretive phenomenological analysis to infer the transcripts to understand the influence of “World of Barbie” on Transnational Imagined Community. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) explores in detail how participants are making sense of their personal and social world; the inferences were given conceptual code as following factors viz.,i) Past memories with Barbie, ii) Possession Attachment iii) Personal Internalization, iv) Behavioral Manifestation v) Global Imagined Community. The study 3 was fixed point (Likert type) survey analysis. The questionnaire consisted of 35 questions covering above mentioned factors. The final survey was conducted with sample size of N= 315. Structural equation modeling was used to derive the results. To conclude, ‘home country culture’ into which the respondent is born is seen to be malleable if internalization of certain alien culturalartifacts are positively imbibed into early childhood. The process of internalization of this new culture should be embedded in early childhood memories to bring about this cultural transformation in adulthood. This process of reculturation in the young urban Indian girls has been facilitated through the ‘World of Barbie’ helping their mindset to migrate into a distinctly different global culture as defined in the Transnational Imagined Community.

Impact of Posterior Urethral Plate Repair on Continence Following Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy

Isaac Yi Kim,황은아,Chinedu Mmeje,Matthew Ercolani,이동현 연세대학교의과대학 2010 Yonsei medical journal Vol.51 No.3

Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate the continence rate following reconstruction of the posterior urethral plate in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RLRP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 50 men with clinically localized prostate cancer who underwent RLRP was carried out. Twenty-five patients underwent RLRP using the reconstruction of the posterior aspect of the rhabdosphincter (Rocco repair). Results of 25 consecutive patients who underwent RLRP prior to the implementation of the Rocco repair were used as the control. Continence was assessed at 7, 30, 90, and 180 days following foley catheter removal using the EPIC questionnaire as well as a follow-up interview with the surgeon. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in any of the patient demographics. At 7 days, the Rocco experimental group had a continence rate of 19% vs. 38.1% in the non-Rocco control group (p = 0.306). At 30days, the continence rate in the Rocco group was 76.2% vs. 71.4% in the non-Rocco group (p = 1). At 90 days, the values were 88% vs. 80% (p = 0.718), respectively. At 180 days, the pad-free rate was 96% in both groups. Conclusion: Rocco repair offers no significant advantage in the time to recovery of continence following RLRP when continence is defined as the use of zero pads per day. On the other hand, Rocco repair was associated with increased incidence of urinary retention requiring prolonged foley catheter placement.

ROUGH ANTI-FUZZY SUBRINGS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

ISAAC, PAUL,NEELIMA, C.A. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2015 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.33 No.3

In this paper, we shall introduce the concept of rough antifuzzy subring and prove some theorems in this context. We have, if µ is an anti-fuzzy subring, then µ is a rough anti-fuzzy subring. Also we give some properties of homomorphism and anti-homomorphism on rough anti-fuzzy subring.

Beyond Frontiers and Borderlands: A Reexamination of Tsushima’s/Taema-Do’s Geopolitical Position in Fifteenth Century East Asia

Isaac C.K. Tan 고려대학교 한국사연구소 2021 International Journal of Korean History Vol.26 No.1

후쿠오카에서 약 90마일 떨어져 있고, 부산에서 불과 30마일 떨어진 곳에 있는 쓰시마/대마도는 조선 시대부터 무로마치/아시카가 막부가 있었던 동아시아 지정학의 교차로에 있다. 이 논문은 해양의 “경계Frontier”와 “국경지역Border(is)land”을 구분하면서, 이 섬의 다양한 역사적 요인들이 15세기 이후 한국과 일본의 다양한 패권적 영향력을 어떻게 중재하고 있는지 다루고 있다. 나는 쓰시마·대마도를 서로 다른 영향이 겹치면서 동시에 공존하는 “경계”로 보려고 한다. 또한 중앙집권화되어 있는 정치적 중심으로부터 분리되어 있는 “국경지역”이라고 자신들(대마도)의 정체성을 주장하는 것이 대마도가 각각의 정치적 중심, 한국과 일본과 거래할 때 협상력을 어떻게 강화했는지 분석한다. 그리고 비국가 행위자, 특히 지역 주민과 해적 사회에 초점을 맞추어, 협상과 폭력의 형태로 그들의 의사를 표현하고 있는 부분 역시 주목했다. 섬과 섬의 주민들을 자신들의 권리에 대한 역사적 주체로서 재개념화함으로써, 초기 근대 시기에 있었던 몇몇의 주요한 역사적 파열 속에 대마도가 협상을 통해 자리한 지리적이고 이념적인 공간을 동아시아 지정학 내에서 독특한 위치를 가진 것으로서 고려할 필요성을 강조한다. Situated approximately ninety miles from Fukuoka, and just thirty miles from Busan, the island of Tsushima/Taema-do has been at the crossroad of East Asian geopolitics since the time of the Chosŏn court and the Muromachi/Ashikaga bakufu. In differentiating its position between a maritime “frontier” and a “border(is)land,” this article argues how various historical agents from the island mediate the different hegemonic influences from Korea and Japan since the fifteenth century. I begin by examining Tsushima/Taema-do as a “frontier” where different influences overlapped and coexisted simultaneously. Then, I explore how the assertion of its identity as a “border(is)land” detached from the centralized political institutions empowered the island to negotiate its dealings with the respective political centers. The last section focuses on nonstate actors, specifically the local population and the pirate community, in articulating their agency by forms of negotiation and violence. Hence by reconceptualizing the island as a historical agent in its own right, this article highlights the need to consider the geographical and ideological space negotiated by the island during several major historical ruptures in the early modern period as Tsushima carved out its distinctive position in East Asian geopolitics.

An acquisition-based evaluation metric for competing syntactic theories

Isaac Gould 경희대학교 언어정보연구소 2018 언어연구 Vol.35 No.1

This paper addresses the puzzle of choosing among competing syntactic theories, which are contrasting theories that can nevertheless all properly account for the utterances of some language. To do so, I develop an evaluation metric that is based on language learnability and acquisition. In particular, such an acquisition-based metric considers speed of acquiring a target grammar, as well as relative accuracy of acquisition. In applying such a metric, I propose using the kinds of novel data that can be generated via computational modeling for syntactic learning. I then demonstrate how this evaluation metric can be used effectively by reporting on learning simulations for a case study, which focuses on two competing theories that arise in the literature for verb raising in Swedish.

Precise Manipulation of Chromosomes in Vivo Enables Genome-Wide Codon Replacement

Isaacs, Farren J.,Carr, Peter A.,Wang, Harris H.,Lajoie, Marc J.,Sterling, Bram,Kraal, Laurens,Tolonen, Andrew C.,Gianoulis, Tara A.,Goodman, Daniel B.,Reppas, Nikos B.,Emig, Christopher J.,Bang, Duhe American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2011 Science Vol.333 No.6040

<P>We present genome engineering technologies that are capable of fundamentally reengineering genomes from the nucleotide to the megabase scale. We used multiplex automated genome engineering (MAGE) to site-specifically replace all 314 TAG stop codons with synonymous TAA codons in parallel across 32 Escherichia coli strains. This approach allowed us to measure individual recombination frequencies, confirm viability for each modification, and identify associated phenotypes. We developed hierarchical conjugative assembly genome engineering (CAGE) to merge these sets of codon modifications into genomes with 80 precise changes, which demonstrate that these synonymous codon substitutions can be combined into higher-order strains without synthetic lethal effects. Our methods treat the chromosome as both an editable and an evolvable template, permitting the exploration of vast genetic landscapes.</P>