A New Black Soybean Cultivar, “Geomjeongsaeol” with Large Seed,Early Maturity and Lodging Tolerance

In-Youl Baek,Keum-Yong Park,Jung-Kyung Moon,Yong-Ho Kim,Sun-Lim Kim,Ja-Hwan Ku,Yeong-Ho Lee,Yong-Hwan Ryu,In-Youl Baek,Won-Young Han,Hyun-Tae Kim,Jun-Hyeon Cho,Jong-Min Ko,Doo-Chull Shin,Duck-Yong Suh 한국육종학회 2005 한국육종학회지 Vol.37 No.5

A new black seed coated soybean cultivar with yellow cotyledon, Geomjeongsaeol was developed at the YeongnamAgricultural Research Institute (YARI) in 2004. Geomjeongsaeol was selected from a cross Keunol/ Geomjeongol. The prelimi-nary, advanced, and regional yield trials for evaluation and selection of this line (Milyang 123) were carried out from 1999 tospherical seed shape, oval leaflet shape, and large seed size (31.1 grams per 100 seeds), and it was 4 days later in maturity than thecheck variety Geomjeongol. In the seed quality such a crude protein, oligo-saccharide, and anthocyanin contents, Geomjeongsaeolwas higher than check variety, and it has good adaptability for cooking with rice. It also has been identified to have resistance tosaeol was 2.34 ton per hectare in the regional yield trials (RYT) carried out for two years from 2003 to 2004 which was 26 percenthigher than the check variety Geomjeongol.

Effects of Short-term Acute Heat Stress on Physiological Responses and Heat Shock Proteins of Hanwoo Steer (Korean Cattle)

Youl-Chang Baek,Minseok Kim,Jin-Young Jeong,Young-Kyoon Oh,Sung-Dae Lee,Yoo-Kyung Lee,Sang-Yun Ji,Hyuck Choi 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2019 Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Vol.34 No.3

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of heat stress on the status of physiological responses, blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol, and heat shock proteins (HSP 27, 70, and 90) of Hanwoo cattle. Six Hanwoo steers (242.8 ± 7.2 kg of BW) were housed in the climate-controlled respiration chambers. The experiment consisted of 7 days (control; 0 day) at thermoneutral (air temperature (Ta) of 15oC and relative humidity (RH) of 60%; temperature-humidity index (THI) = 64), and by 3 and 6 days (treatment groups) at heat stress (Ta of 35oC and RH of 60%; THI = 87). Body temperature of each parts (frank, rump, perineum and foot) and rectal temperature elevated in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days) than the control group (0 day). Respiration rates increased in 3 days and 6 days (88.5 ± 0.96 bpm and 86.3 ± 0.63 bpm, respectively) from 0 days (39.5 ± 0.65 bpm). Feed intake significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 3.7 ± 0.14 kg and 4.0 ± 0.15 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 5.0 ± 0.00 kg). In addition, final BW significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 211.8 ± 4.75 kg and 215.5 ± 3.50 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 240.0 ± 25.00 kg). However, heat stress has no significant effect on blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol. Nevertheless, heat stress increased HSPs mRNA expression in liver tissue, and serum concentration of HSPs. Despite Hanwoo cattle may have high adaptive ability to heat stress, our results suggested that heat stress directly effect on body temperature and respiration rate as well as serum and tissue HSPs. Therefore, we are recommended that HSPs could be the most appropriate indicators of Hanwoo cattle response to heat stress.

In situ Ruminal and Intestinal Digestibility of Crude Protein and Amino Acids in By-product Feedstuffs

Baek, Youl Chang,Jeong, Jin young,Oh, Young Kyoon,Kim, Min Seok,Lee, Hyun jung,Jung, Hyun jung,Kim, Do hyung,Choi, Hyuck The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science 2018 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.38 No.2

The objectives of this study was to evaluate the degradability and digestibility of crude protein (CP), rumen undegradable protein (RUP), and individual amino acids (AA) on six by-product feedstuffs (BPF) (rice bran, RB; wheat bran, WB; corn gluten feed, CGF; tofu residue, TR; spent mushroom substrate from Pleurotus ostreatus, SMSP; brewers grain, BG) as ruminants feed. Three Hanwoo steers (40 months old, $520{\pm}20.20kg$ of body weight) fitted with a permanent rumen cannula and T-shaped duodenal cannula were used to examine of the BPF using in situ nylon bag and mobile bag technique. The bran CGF (19.2%) and food-processing residue BG (19.7%) had the highest CP contents than other feeds. The RUP value of bran RB (39.7%) and food-processing residues SMSP (81.1%) were higher than other feeds. The intestinal digestion of CP was higher in bran RB (44.2%) and food-processing residues BG (40.5%) than other feeds. In addition, intestinal digestion of Met was higher in bran RB (55.7%) and food-processing residues BG (44.0%) than other feeds. Overall, these results suggest that RB and BG might be useful as main raw ingredients in feed for ruminants. Our results can be used as baseline data for ruminant ration formulation.

Morphology Control of Highly Sulfonated Block Copolymers by a Simple Thermal Process

Baek, Kyung-Youl,Kim, Hyun-Ji,Lee, Sang-Ho,Cho, Kie-Yong,Kim, Hyeong Tae,Hwang, Seung Sang WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics Vol.211 No.6

<P>Well-defined sulfonated block copolymers were prepared by direct thermolysis with block copolymers of n-butyl acrylate (nBA) and neopentyl styrene sulfonated (NSS), which were synthesized by Cu-based living radical polymerization (<TEX>$\overline M _{\rm w} /\overline M _{\rm n}$</TEX> <1.20). A simple thermal process for 10 min at 150 °C completely deprotected the neopentyl groups in the poly(NSS) block segment to give fully sulfonated polystyrene backbone. SAXS profile of the block copolymer with 47 wt.-% of poly(NSS) showed lamella structure, which appeared more clearly with long ranged order after sulfonation of the block copolymer.</P><P> <img src='wiley_img_2010/10221352-2010-211-6-MACP200900475-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/10221352-2010-211-6-MACP200900475-gra001'> </P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Well-defined lamellar structures comprising 100% sulfonated polystyrene and poly(n-butyl acrylate) were directly achieved by a simple heating procedure from neutral poly[(n-butyl acrylate)-block-(neopentyl styrene sulfonate)] in bulk and thin film states. <img src='wiley_img_2010/10221352-2010-211-6-MACP200900475-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/10221352-2010-211-6-MACP200900475-content'> </P>

Evaluation of non-conventional feeds for ruminants using in situ nylon bag and the mobile bag technique

Youl-Chang Baek(백열창),Hyuck Choi(최혁) 한국산학기술학회 2017 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.18 No.7

본 연구는 반추동물 사료로서 한국에서 생산된 부존사료자원 15종의 화학적 조성, 소화율 그리고 에너지 가를 평가하기 위하여 실시하였다. 반추위 그리고 십이지장 캐뉼라가 장착된 거세한우 3두(평균체중 520 ± 20.20 kg)를 개별 계류식우사에 공시한 후 14일의 순치기간과 3일간의 시험기간을 두었다. 실험 방법으로는 화학조성 분석법, in situ 나일론백과 모바일백 방법을 이용하였다. 사료 내 화학적 조성을 분석한 결과, 엿밥, 깻묵, 장유박 및 두유박의 조단백질 함량은 30% 이상이었다. In situ 나일론백을 이용한 사료의 분해 특성을 분석한 결과, 비트펄프, 맥주박, 커피박, 엿밥, 수수겨, 임자박, 라면박 및 두유박의 반추위 미분해 단백질 함량은 50% 이상이었다. In situ 모바일백을 이용한 사료 내 가소화 영양소총량(TDN)의 분석은 비트펄프, 맥주박, 막걸리박, 수수겨, 깻묵, 라면박, 미강, 장유박, 비지, 두유박 및 밀기울이 50% 이상인 것으로 관찰되었다. 요약하자면, 상기 부존사료자원은 배합사료 또는 조사료를 대체할 수 있는 훌륭한 사료자원으로서의 높은 잠재적 가치를 가지고 있음을 시사하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서 얻은 부존사료자원의 화학적 조성, 소화율 및 에너지 가를 반추동물 섬유질배합사료 제조를 위한 기초 자료로 활용하고 이를 통해 사료효율 향상, 사료비용 절감 및 환경오염 감소에 기여하고자 한다. This study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition, digestibility, and energy value of 15 non-conventional feeds produced in South Korea as ruminant feeds. Three Hanwoo steers (body weight, 520 ± 20.20 kg) fitted with a permanent rumen cannula and duodenal cannula were housed individually in tie-stall barns, followed by a 14-day adaptation period and 3-day experimental period.Chemical composition analysis, in situ nylon bag, and mobile bag technique were used as experiments. As a result of the chemical composition analysis offeeds, crude protein (CP) contentsofmalt meal, perilla meal, soy sauce cake, and soymilk residue were greater than 30%. As a result of the degradability characteristics analysis of feeds using an in situ nylon bag, rumen undegraded protein (RUP) contents of beet pulp, brewer"s grain, coffee meal, malt meal, milo bran, perilla meal, ramen residue, and soymilk residue were greater than 50%. Analysis of total digestible nutrient (TDN) values of feeds using an in situ mobile bag showed that TDN values of beet pulp, brewer"s grain, makgeolli residue, milo bran, perilla meal, ramen residue, rice bran, soy sauce cake, soybean curd cake, soymilk residue, and wheat bran weregreater than 50%. In summary, these non-conventional feeds have high potential value as good feed resources to replace formulated feeds or roughage. Therefore, the chemical composition, digestibility, and energy value of non-conventional feeds obtained from this study can beused as base data for the manufacture of ruminant total mixed ration (TMR) with improved feed efficiency, reduced feed costs, and reduction of environmental pollution.

The impact of short-term acute heat stress on the rumen microbiome of Hanwoo steers

( Youl Chang Baek ),( Hyuck Choi ),( Jinyoung Jeong ),( Sung Dae Lee ),( Min Ji Kim ),( Seul Lee ),( Sang Yun Ji ),( Minseok Kim ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2020 한국축산학회지 Vol.62 No.2

Heat stress negatively affects cattle productivity by reducing feed intake. In the present study, we assessed if the rumen microbiome composition of Hanwoo steers was altered by exposure to heat stress. Rumen samples were collected from four Hanwoo steers that were individually housed in climate-controlled chambers with 60% humidity and environmental temperatures of: 1) 15℃ (0-day group), 2) 35℃ for 3 days (3-day group), and 3) 35℃ for 6 days (6-day group). The total community DNA of samples was extracted, and 997,843 bacterial and 1,508,770 archaeal sequences were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Assessment of the relative abundances revealed 15 major phyla of which Bacteroidetes was found to be the most dominant. After 3 days of heat stress exposure there were no significant changes in the rumen microbiome composition, except for a decrease in the Planctomycetes. However, after 6 days of heat stress exposure, we found that the relative abundance of fibrolytic Ruminococcaceae had decreased while that of lactate-producing Lactobacillaceae and amylolytic Prevotella and Ruminobacter had increased. The normal rumen microbiome of Hanwoo cattle was shown to be disrupted after 6 days of heat stress, which led to the decrease in fibrolytic bacteria that are sensitive to low pH and the increase in both lactate-producing and amylolytic bacteria. We have demonstrated that the microbiome composition of the rumen is affected by acute heat stress. Our findings may contribute to the development of different feeding strategies to restore heat stress-induced disruption of the rumen microbiome

팽이버섯 부산물 발효에 따른 한우 거세우 반추위 성상 및 소화율에 미치는 영향

Baek, Youl-Chang,Jeong, Jin-Young,Oh, Young-Kyoon,Kim, Min-Seok,Lee, Sung-Dae,Lee, Hyun-Jeong,Do, Yoon-Jung,Ahmadi, Farhad,Choi, Hyuck 한국유기농업학회 2017 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.25 No.3

We inoculated a spent mushroom substrate from Flammulina velutipes (SMSF) with a microbial additive and assessed the effects on chemical composition, ruminal fermentation parameters, and total-tract nutrient digestibility. In Exp. 1, three cannulated Hanwoo steers were used in an in situ trial to determine the degradation kinetics of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP). In Exp. 2, three Hanwoo steers were randomly assigned to experimental diets according to a 3 × 3 Latin square for a 3-week period (2 weeks for adaptation and 1 week for sample collection). Experimental diets included the control diet (3.75 kg/d formulated concentrate mixture + 1.25 kg/d rice straw), SMSF diet (3.19 kg/d formulated concentrate mixture + 1.25 kg/d rice straw + 0.56 kg/d SMSF), and inoculated SMSF (ISMSF) diet (3.19 kg/d formulated concentrate mixture + 1.25 kg/d rice straw + 0.56 kg/d ISMSF). The chemical composition of ISMSF did not differ from that of SMSF. Microbial additive inoculation decreased pH (P<0.05) and improved preservation for SMSF. The percentages of DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in ISMSF were slightly lesser than those in SMSF. Ruminal fermentation characteristics and total-tract nutrient digestibility were not affected by diet. Overall, microbial additive inoculation improved preservation for SMSF and may allow improved digestion in the rumen; however, the total digestible nutrients (TDN) of SMSF and ISMSF diets were slightly lesser than the control diet. The ISMSF can be used as an alternative feedstuff to partially replace formulated concentrate feed.

양방향 하중저항 케이블-빔 구조시스템의 구조성능에 관한 연구

백기열(Baek, Ki Youl),정진우(Jung Jin Woo),이승혜(Lee, Seung Hye),이재홍(Lee, Jae Hong) 한국강구조학회 2018 한국강구조학회 학술대회 발표집 Vol.29 No.1

Construction of soybean SSR genetic Linkage maps in two population

In Youl Baek,Sung Taeg Kang,Won Young Han,Doo Chull Shin,Suk Ha Lee,Hyeun Kyeung Kim,Moung Gun Chung,Hong Suk Lee 한국육종학회 2002 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.34 No.1

호남지역 논 재배에 적합한 곡실 사료용 밀 품종 선발 및 사료가치 평가

백열창(Youl-Chang Baek),최혁(Hyuck Choi),김민석(Minseok Kim),박종호(Jong-Ho Park) 한국산학기술학회 2020 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.21 No.3

본 연구는 호남지역 유휴 논토양에서 곡실 사료용 밀 생산에 적합한 품종 선발을 위해 국내산 총 8개(금강, 조경, 백중, 수안, 청우, 고소, 호중, 조중)의 품종을 선택하여 전북 완주군에서 2015년부터 2016년까지 파종 및 수확하였으며, 사료가치 평가를 위해 일반성분 및 반추위 소화율 분석을 실시하였다. 시험품종 중 출수기는 “조중”이 4월 15일로 가장 빨랐으며, 성숙기 또한 5월 24일로 가장 빨랐다. “백중”의 출수기는 4월 18일로 “금강”과 같았고, 성숙기는 5월 29일로 하루 늦었지만 전 시험품종 간의 유의성은 없었다. 경수는 “고소”가 513개/m²로 가장 적었으며, “청우”가 974개/m²로 가장 많았다. “백중”의 경수는 901개/m²로 시험품종 중 경수가 많은 품종에 속하며, 수확량은 542kg/10a으로 가장 많았다(p <0.05). 일반성분 분석, 반추위내 건물 및 조단백질 소화율 평가에서 시험품종 간 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았으며, 옥수수보다 높은 영양 가치와 소화율을 확인하였다. 따라서 상기 8개 밀 품종은 공히 수입곡물을 대체 할 수 있는 훌륭한 사료자원이며, 수확량이 높은 품종을 선택하여 곡실 사료로의 이용성을 확대하면, 논경지이용효율 증대와 더불어 축산농가 사료비 절감에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to select the wheat varieties, among 8 domestic cultivates, that are suitable, for use as grain feed at paddy fields in the Honam region. The seeds of wheat were sown and harvested in Wanju County. Among the wheat varieties, "Jojoong" was the earliest for its heading date on April 15, and it showed the earliest day for the maturing date on May 24. The heading date of "Baegjong" was the same as that for "Keumkang" on April 18, and the maturing date was one day later than that for "Keumkang" on May 29. But there was no significant difference of heading and maturing dates among the 8 wheat varieties. The lowest number of spikes/m² was 513/m² of "Goso", and the highest number of spikes/m² was 974/m² of "Chongwoo". The spikes/m² and yield of "Baegjon" was 542kg/10a and it was the highest yielding variety among the 8 wheat varieties. The chemical compositions of DM (dry matter) and CP (crude protein) on rumen digestibility were not significantly different among the 8 wheat varieties. Furthermore, rumen digestibility of DM and CP, and the nutrients value were slightly higher than those of corn. The domestic 8 wheat varieties for grain feed, with their high nutrient qualities, could eventually replace imported grain feed and wheat grain feed. These 8 varieties are cost-effective feed and paddy field fodder for livestock farmers.