해양레저 분야 복합소재 적용: 33피트급 아메리카스컵 훈련용 CFRP 세일링 요트 개발

서형석 ( Hyoung Seock Seo ),장호윤 ( Ho Yun Jang ),이인원 ( In Won Lee ),최흥섭 ( Heung Soap Choi ) 한국복합재료학회 2015 Composites research Vol.28 No.1

본 논문에서는 해양레저분야에서의 현재 복합재 적용 현황과 33피트급 아메리카스컵 훈련용 세일링 요트 개발에 대해 기술한다. 항공분야와 달리 해양레저 분야에서의 복합재료는 최근에서야 적용 및 사용이 되기 시작했다. 다양한 해양레저 구조물 중에서도 특히, 아메리카스컵 세일링 경주 요트는 빠른 속도를 내야 하기 때문에 경량화 및 높은 기계적 성능이 요구되고 이에 따라 경주용 요트를 건조함에 있어 탄소섬유의 사용은 필수적이다. 탄소섬유강화 플라스틱 경주용 요트 제작 과정을 정립하기 위해 탄소 돛대와 탄소 요트 선체에 대한 최적화 설계와 생산 공법에 대해 논의되었다. 최종적으로 이렇게 제작된 탄소섬유강화복합재 세일링 요트는 운항시험을 통해 경주용 요트로써의 높은 성능을 보여주었다. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the current trends of composite applications in the marine and leisure fields and to study the development of 33ft class America’s cup training CFRP sailing yacht. In the field of marine and leisure, composite materials have been just used to marine and leisure structures, recently. Especially, since the America’s cup of sailing yacht racing has required the light weight and high mechanical performance to make a high speed, CFRP have been recognized as the critical material to construct the racing yacht structures. To establish the process of CFRP racing yacht construction, the design optimizations and production methods of carbon mast and CFRP yacht hull were discussed in this paper. Finally, the constructed CFRP sailing yacht exhibited high performance as the racing yacht through the sailing test.

조선해양 파이프 단열재 커버 적용을 위한 내화/난연 성능을 갖는 친환경 바잘트섬유 강화 퓨란계 복합재료 개발 연구

권동준 ( Dong-jun Kwon ),서형석 ( Hyoung-seock Seo ) 한국복합재료학회 2021 Composites research Vol.34 No.1

조선해양산업에서 친환경 선박 및 경량화 기자재에 관한 관심이 높아짐에 따라 파이프 등의 기자재에 복합재료를 적용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 친환경 및 내열/난연 성능을 요구하는 파이프 단열재 커버에 적용하기 위해 친환경 소재인 바잘트 섬유강화 퓨란복합재료(BFC, basalt fiber reinforced furan composite)를 제조하였다. BFC 소재의 낮은 물성을 강화시키기 위해 후경화 조건의 최적화 연구를 수행하였고, BFC 소재의 기계적강도, 내열/난연 특성 강화, 친화경 특성에 대한 실험과 평가를 진행하였다. 최종적으로 연구 결과 조선해양기자재인 파이프 단열재 커버에 BFC 소재의 적용이 가능함을 확인하였다. As interest in the eco-friendly ships and lightweight equipment is increasing in the shipbuilding and marine industry, composite materials are applied to equipment such as pipes. In this study, a basalt fiber reinforced furan composite (BFC), an eco-friendly material, was manufactured to apply the pipe insulation cover that requires environment-friendly and heat/flame retardant performance. An optimization study of post-curing conditions of BFC was conducted, and experiments and analysis were performed on mechanical strength, heat/flame retardant properties, and affinity properties. Finally, as a result of the study BFC material is proved to be a good candidate to apply pipe insulation cover.

휴대형 미세플라스틱 수거 장비 경량화 부품 설계 및 구조강도 평가

김명규 ( Myeong-kyu Kim ),서형석 ( Hyoung-seock Seo ),박희승 ( Hui-seung Park ),김상호 ( Sang-ho Kim ) 한국복합재료학회 2022 Composites research Vol.35 No.6

현재 해양 미세플라스틱에 의한 해양 환경 오염문제가 국제적으로 심각하게 대두되고 있다. 이와 관련하여 본 연구에서는 휴대용 미세플라스틱 수거 장비의 경량화 개발을 위해 대한민국 전국 21개소 해안가에서의 미세플라스틱 종류와 개수를 조사하였고, 미세플라스틱 수거장비 진공 장비의 내구성, 내부식성, 경량화를 위해 CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic), GFRP(Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic), ABS(Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene copolymer), aluminum과 같은 다양한 소재를 적용하여 설계 및 해석을 수행하였다. 해안가에서의 시료 채취 및 분류결과 함덕해수욕장에서 미세플라스틱이 가장 많이 분포되어 있는 것을 확인하였고, 주로 폴리스타이렌(Polystyrene)의 미세플라스틱이 분포되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 해안가 현장 조사를 통한 입자정보 분석과 전산유체해석을 통해 모래 및 불순물 등의 입자 유동속도 및 분포를 분석하였고, 이를 진공 본체 내부의 중요 부품인 싸이클론 장치의 구조해석에 적용하였다. 싸이클론 장치의 모래 및 불순물 흡입 시 발생되는 입자 충격을 고려한 구조해석 결과 CFRP, GFRP, aluminum, ABS의 순으로 구조적 안전성이 우수한 것으로 평가되었다. 경량화 측면으로는 싸이클론 장치에 aluminum 소재를 적용했을 때와 비교하여 CFRP는 53%, GFRP는 47%, ABS는 61%의 경량화가 가능한 것으로 나타났다. Currently, the problem of pollution of the marine environment by microplastics is emerging seriously internationally. In this study, to develop a lightweight portable microplastic collection device, the types and number of microplastics in 21 coastal areas nationwide in Korea were investigated. And CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic), GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene copolymer) and aluminum were applied for design and analysis of microplastic collection device to have the durability, corrosion resistance and lightweight. As a result of sample collection and classification from the shore, it was confirmed that microplastics were distributed the most in Hamdeok beach, and the polystyrene was found to be mainly distributed microplastics. Particle information through coastal field survey and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) analysis were used to analyze the flow rate and distribution of particles such as sand and impurities, which were applied to the structural analysis of the cyclone device using the finite element method. As a result of structural analysis considering the particle impact inside the cyclone device, the structural safety was examined as remarkable in the order of CFRP, GFRP, aluminum, and ABS. In the view of weight reduction, CFRP could be reduced in weight by 53%, GFRP by 47%, and ABS by 61% compared to aluminum for the cyclone device.

Computational modeling for cure process of carbon epoxy composite block

Yoon, Jin-Sang,Kim, Kibum,Seo, Hyoung-Seock Elsevier 2019 Composites Part B, Engineering Vol.164 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Serious defect often occurs inside the carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) block during the cure process due to the inappropriate curing cycle. This paper presents a computational approach proposed to describe the cure process of carbon epoxy composite block based on Finite Difference Method (FDM). The three dimensional FDM model developed was capable of calculating complicated inhomogeneous anisotropic matrix and two phase phenomena of the resin curing in transient state. The model was used to determine the temperature distribution and the cure degree of the CFRP block. The simulation was carried out for blocks in two different sizes cured for the autoclaving process, and simulation results were validated with the C-scan experimental data. In addition, the optimum cure cycle was proposed; therefore, the temperature different in the block, especially between the perimeter and the core regions could be minimized, and simultaneously the input energy consumption could be reduced during the entire cure cycle. It was found that the energy consumption could be reduced by increasing the heat suppling rate before the block temperature reached the polymerization point of the resin and setting the maximum temperature in short period without increasing the temperature deviation between the core and surface of the block. The total energy saving was ranging from 7 to 35% in maximum depending on the method and dimensions. This study provided a reliable way to assess any possible defect in composite block generating during curing process, and the more effective cure cycle could be customized for any specific dimension and cure method.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Cure process of carbon epoxy composite block was described based on FDM. </LI> <LI> Simulation was performed on inhomogeneous anisotropic matrix and two phase phenomena of the resin curing in transient state. </LI> <LI> Temperature distribution and the cure degree of the CFRP block were determined. </LI> <LI> Energy requiring for complete cure could be saved up to 36%. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

다양한 위상 형상에 따른 3D 프린트 복합재료 조종면의 구조 최적화

김명규,구남서,서형석,Myeong-Kyu Kim,Nam Seo Goo,Hyoung-Seock Seo 한국복합재료학회 2023 Composites research Vol.36 No.3

When designing ships and aircraft structures, it is important to design them to satisfy weight reduction and strength. Currently, studies related to topology optimization using 3D printed composite materials are being actively conducted to satisfy the weight reduction and strength of the structure. In this study, structural analysis was performed to analyze the applicability of 3D printed composite materials to the flight control surface, one of the parts of an aircraft or unmanned aerial vehicle. The optimal topology shape of the flight control surface for the bending load was analyzed by considering three types (hexagonal, rectangular, triangular) of the topology shape of the flight control surface. In addition, the bending strength of the flight control surface was analyzed when four types of reinforcing materials (carbon fiber, glass fiber, high-strength high-temperature glass fiber, and kevlar) of the 3D printed composite material were applied. As a result of comparing the three-point bending test results with the finite element method results, it was confirmed that the flight control surface with hexagonal topology shape made of carbon fiber and Kevlar had excellent performance. And it is judged that the 3D printed composite can be sufficiently applied to the flight control surface.

다랑어 선망어선 탑재용 보조 작업선의 추진기 형태 변화에 대한 제작과정 및 해상시운전 비교 연구

하승무,장호윤,서형석,서광철,Ha, Seoung-Mu,Jang, Ho-Yun,Seo, Hyoung-Seock,Seo, Kwan-Cheol 해양환경안전학회 2017 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.23 No.5

우리나라에서는 다랑어 선망어업의 기술 경쟁력을 높이기 위한 많은 연구개발이 이루어지고 있으며, 이러한 노력으로 인하여 다랑어 선망어선의 선형개선과 어군 탐지를 위한 레이다, 소나 및 위성정보시스템의 개발로 인해 조업 효율이 향상되었다. 그러나 다랑어 선망어선에 탑재되는 보조 작업선인 스키프보트, 네트보트 및 스피드보트의 경우에는 본선의 기술 현대화에 비해 기술력이 낙후되어 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 그물을 끌기 위한 양망의 기능과 프로펠러로부터 다랑어를 보호하기 위하여 설치된 철망을 가진 기존의 네트보트의 선체를 워터제트 추진기 탑재가 가능한 선체로 변경하여 다랑어 보호, 선체저항 감소 및 운항성능 향상하고자 하였다. 결과적으로 워터제트 형태에 적합한 선형에 대해 해양수산부 고시에 의거한 알루미늄 구조강도 기준을 적용한 시제선 제작하였으며 낙하시험을 수행하여 안전성을 확인하였다. 또한 해상시운전을 통하여 기존의 네트보트는 2,500 RPM에서 속도는 12.0 knot, 예인력은 2,545 kgf이며, 워터제트가 탑재된 네트보트는 3,200 RPM에서 속도는 26.7 knot, 예인력은 2,011 kgf로 워터제트가 탑재된 네트보트 또한 다랑어 선망어선의 보조 작업선으로 예인용량 기준에 충분히 만족함을 알 수 있었다. In Korea, much research and development have occurred to enhance the technological competitiveness of tuna purse seining fisheries. Due to these efforts, fishing efficiency has been improved with the development of radar, sonar and global positioning systems for fish detection and revisions to the hull forms of tuna purse seiners. However, for skiff boats, net boats and speed boats, which are auxiliary working boats mounted on tuna purse seiners, technology has lagged behind relative to the modernization of the main vessel. In this study, the hull of an existing propeller-based net boat with steel wire net to protect tuna was changed to the hull of a water jet propulsion vehicle to reduce resistance and improve maneuverability. As a result, a prototype of a water jet propulsion option was produced according to the aluminum structure strength standards specified by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, and safety was confirmed by performing a drop test. Moreover, through a sea trial test, an existing net boat was shown to have a speed of 12.0knots and a towing force of 2,545 kgf at 2,500 RPM. The prototype had a speed of 26.7 knots and a towing force of 2,011 kgf at 3,200 RPM, which satisfied the towing capacity standards of auxiliary working boats mounted on tuna purse seiners.

다양한 온도 환경에 따른 3D 프린트 복합재료의 기계적 물성 평가

강상훈,김도현,서형석,Sang-Hun Kang,Do-Hyeon Kim,Hyoung-Seock Seo 한국복합재료학회 2023 Composites research Vol.36 No.3

Currently, there are many discussions about composite materials and 3D printed composite material to weight reduction of ships. A test was conducted to confirm the applicability of the 3D printed composite material to ships and offshore structures by linking the 3D printing technology with excellent productivity and the composite material with corrosion resistance and lightweight characteristics in salt water environments. In order to apply the 3D printed composite material used in this paper to ships and offshore structures, the temperature environmental effects that can be exposed in the marine environment should be considered. Therefore, the tensile test was conducted with specimen of Carbon + Onyx, Carbon + Nylon, HSHT glass + Onyx, HSHT glass + Nylon material in low temperature (-50℃), room temperature (20℃), and high temperature (50℃) environments that can be exposed to the marine environment. As a result of the tensile test, the carbon + onyx specimen showed the highest tensile strength and the HSHT glass + onyx specimen showed the highest tensile strain. In addition, by analyzing the tested specimens, the failure mode of the 3D printed composite material specimens exposed to various temperature environments was analyzed.

3D 프린팅과 구조해석을 이용한 자동용접용 캐리지 레일 설계 및 제작

오세진(Se-Jin Oh),최준호(Jun-Ho Choi),김명규(Myeong-Gyu Kim),서형석(Hyoung-Seock Seo),오민재(Min-Jae Oh),김덕기(Deok-Ki Kim) (사)한국CDE학회 2022 한국CDE학회 논문집 Vol.27 No.2

Recently, 3D printing technology has been used in various industrial production fields such as architecture, automobiles, aviation, medicine, and fashion. 3D printing technology has the advantage of reducing the initial cost of product production and reducing lead time because it can manufacture complex shapes, reduce product weight, and reduce production methods and cutting raw materials through molds. In this study, an integrated manufacturing of standard automatic welding carriage rails used in shipbuilding process that could not be supported by the existing process method using 3D printing technology was attempted. The structure was manufactured using polyamide made of nylon rather than the steel used in the existing welding carriage rails to reduce the weight of the structure and reduce economic costs. Tensile tests and three-point bending tests were performed on specimens and structures made of polyamide to examine the mechanical properties of the material. Thereafter, structural stability was evaluated through structural analysis of the load of the welding robot. Through the experimental results, it was confirmed that the existing automatic welding carriage rail can be replaced with a structure manufactured with 3D printing technology.