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Anti-inflammatory activity of 6-O-phospho-7-hydroxycoumarin in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells
Hyehyun Hong,Tae-Jin Park,Sungchan Jang,Min-Seon Kim,Jin-Soo Park,Won-Jae Chi,Seung-Young Kim 한국응용생명화학회 2022 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.65 No.1
Esculetin (also known as 6, 7-dihydroxycoumarin) a type of coumarin, has been exhibited anti-inflammatory and antiaging effects. Biorenovation is the microbe-mediated enhancement of biological efficacies and structurally diversified compounds relative to their substrate compounds. The production of different kinds of esculetin derivatives using Bacillus sp. JD3-7 and their effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered inflammatory response in RAW 26.7 cells were assessed. One of the biorenovation products, identified as esculetin 6-O-phosphate (ESP), at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 μM inhibited the LPSstimulated production of inflammation markers of nitric oxide synthase 2 and cyclooxygenase 2 as well as their respective enzymatic reaction products of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in the order of increasing concentrations (1.25, 2.5, and 5 μM). Additionally, ESP treatment suppressed the LPS-stimulated secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor- α. Furthermore, these antiinflammatory effect of ESP was associated with the downregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, that is, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. This study would therefore provide interesting insights into the biorenovationassisted generation of a novel anti-inflammatory compound. ESP may be used to develop treatments for inflammatory disorders.
국립대전현충원에서 분리한 남조류 구슬말(Nostoc commune)의 항염증 효과
Hong Hyehyun,Bae Eun Hee,Park Tae-Jin,Kang Min-Sung,Kang Jae Shin,Chi Won-Jae,Kim Seung-Young 한국응용생명화학회 2022 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.65 No.2
구슬말(Nostoc commune Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault)은 이형세포를 갖는 특징으로 다른 목들과 구분되는 남조류의 일종으로 극지방에서 열대지역까지 광범위한 지역에 분포하며 단세포가 연결되어 형성된 수많은 trichome들이 점액질에 둘러 쌓인 형태로 커다란 군체를 형성한다. 주로 토양, 암반, 잔디 위 등에 서식한다고 알려져 있으나 흔히 관찰되지 않기 때문에 현재 연구가 거의 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 토양 남조류인 N. commune HCW0811을 분리 및 동정하였으며 항염증 활성을 조사 하고자 하였다. 그 결과 N. commune HCW0811는 LPS로유도된 RAW 264.7세포에서 80%이상의 세포 생존율을 나타내었으며 NO, PGE2 및 TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β의 생성을 효과적으로억제하였다. 또한 western blot assay를 통해 iNOS, COX-2 및MAP kinase (p38, ERK1/2, JNK)와 NF-κB 세포내 신호전달 경로에서의 단백질 발현을 조사한 결과 이들의 발현이 유의하게억제됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 결과를 근거하여HCW0811가 다양한 염증 인자를 표적으로 하는 피부 면역 질환을 포함한 염증성 질환의 예방과 치료를 위한 항염증 기능성 화장품 및 식품소재로의 개발가능성을 제시한다.
LPS로 유도된 R AW 264. 7 대식세포에서 Naringenin-7-O-phosphate의 항염증 활성
홍혜현 ( Hyehyun Hong ),박태진 ( Tae-jin Park ),최병민 ( Byeong Min Choi ),이유정 ( Yu-jung Yi ),김승영 ( Seung-young Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회 2023 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.66 No.-
플라보노이드는 광범위한 생물학적 활성을 가진 중요한 식물 2차 대사 산물로, 본 연구에서 사용된 naringenin (NN)은 자몽에 가장 풍부한 플라바논의 하나로 간 보호, 항지질 과산화 및 항암 활성에 관한 연구가 보고되었다. 우리는 이전 연구에서 biorenovation 기법을 NN에 적용하여 naringenin-7-O-Glucoside (prunin), naringenin-7-O-phosphate (N7P), 6''-O-Succinyl prunin과 같은 3가지 유도체를 합성하였으며 그 중 생물학적 및 물리화학적 특성이 보고되지 않은 N7P가 NN보다 45배 증가한 수용해도를 나타냄을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 N7P의 추가적인 생리활성 조사하고자 RAW 264.7 세포에서 항염증 활성을 평가하였으며 N7P는 세포 독성이 나타나지 않는 농도에서 유효한 inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) 억제 활성을 보였으며 이들의 발현 경로를 유의하게 억제함으로써 nitric oxide (NO) 및 prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>)를 효과적으로 억제하였다. 뿐만 아니라 pro-inflammatory cytokines 인 tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)와 interleukin-6 (IL-6)의 발현 또한 유의하게 억제하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 근거로 N7P가 다양한 염증 인자를 표적으로 하는 항염증 소재로 적용될 수 있음을 제안한다. The most abundant flavanone of grapefruits, naringenin (NN), is well known for its hepatoprotective, anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-carcinogenic effects. We generated three derivatives from NN using this technique in previous studies. Among them, it was confirmed that naringenin-7-O-phosphate (N7P), whose biological and physicochemical properties were not reported, showed a water solubility 45 times higher than that of NN. Therefore, in this study, the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in RAW 264.7 cells to investigate the potential physiological activity of N7P. As a result, N7P showed nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity at concentrations that did not show toxicity. In addition, prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) showed significant inhibitory activity from the lowest concentration of 12.5 μM and showed increased inhibitory activity compared to NN. In addition, as a result of western blot, N7P showed increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitory activity than NN, and effectively inhibited NO and PGE<sub>2</sub> by significantly inhibiting their expression pathways. N7P also inhibited inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6. Based on these results, we propose that N7P can be used as a potent anti-inflammatory agent.
Biorenovation 생물전환 기법을 이용한 비트 추출물의 LPS로 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포에 대한 항염증 효과
홍혜현(Hyehyun Hong),박태진(Taejin Park),강민성(Min-Sung Kang),김승영(Seung-Young Kim) 한국생물공학회 2021 KSBB Journal Vol.36 No.2
Biorenovation is a method of modifying the structure of a wide range of substrates such as chemical compounds and plant extracts by microbial enzymes, which can reduce cytotoxicity and improve biological activity. In this study, biorenovation was applied to Beta vulgaris (BV) to produce biorenovation product (BVB), and anti-inflammatory activity was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. As a result, BVB inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production at a non-toxic concentration in a concentration-dependent manner, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Our study shows that BVB exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of various inflammatory mediators. Moreover, it suggests that biorenovation has potential usefulness in the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
( Kristina Lama ),( Hyehyun Hong ),( Tae-jin Park ),( Jin-soo Park ),( Won-jae Chi ),( Seung-young Kim ) 한국응용생명화학회 2023 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.66 No.-
Recent studies have highlighted the link between diseases and inflammation across our lifespan. Our sedentary lifestyle, high-calorie diet, chronic stress, chronic infections, and exposure to pollutants and xenobiotics, collectively intensify the course and recurrence of infections and inflammation in our bodies, promoting the prevalence of chronic diseases and aging. Given such phenomena and considering additional factors such as the frequency of prescription, and easy access to over-the-counter drugs, the need for anti-inflammatory therapeutics is ever-increasing. However, the readily available anti-inflammatory treatment option comes with a greater risk of side effects or high cost (biologics). Therefore in this growing competition of discovering and developing new potent anti-inflammatory drugs, we focused on utilizing the established knowledge of traditional medicine to find lead compounds. Since lead optimization is an indispensable step toward drug development, we applied this concept for the production of potent anti-inflammatory compounds achieved by structural modification of flavonoids. The derivative obtained through acetylation of myricetin, 3,3',4',5,5',7-hexaacetate myricetin, showed a greater inhibitory effect in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide, Prostaglandin E2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6, interleukin- 1β, in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cells compared to myricetin. The increased potency of inhibition was in conjunction with an increased inhibitory effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 proteins. Through such measures, this study supports lead optimization for well-established lead compounds from traditional medicine using a simpler and greener chemistry approach for the purpose of designing and developing potent anti-inflammatory therapeutics with possibly fewer side effects and increased bioavailability.