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        초등교사의 조직몰입에 대한 학교조직요인의 효과

        정회욱 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2007 교육과학연구 Vol.38 No.2

        This study examined the effects of teachers' demographic and schools' organizational variables on teachers' organizational committment and its' lower-order factors. Data collected from 627 elementary school teachers inMokpo city were analyzed to fulfil the goal of the present study. In general,teachers were committed more to their work and colleagues than they were totheir schools. Teachers reported the climate of their schools to be 'peopleoriented' and their principals to be 'participatory leaders'. Teachers' satisfactionabout their welfare and super-ordinates' support was the average level. Femaleteachers tended to make commitments to their career more than male teachersdid. Older teachers were less committed to their work and more committed totheir schools compared to younger teachers. Schools' rational and peopleorientedclimates, principals' participatory leadership, administrators' supports,teachers welfare satisfactions were positively correlated with teachers' organizational committment and its' lower factors. Schools' closed climates andteachers's job stress were negatively correlated with teachers' organizationalcommittment and its' lower-order factors. Schools' people-oriented climate wasfound to be the most influential variable on the teachers' commitment to theirwork, work-group, career whereas schools' rational climate was found to be themost important variable for teachers' commitment to their schools. 이 연구는 목포지역 초등학교 교사들을 대상으로 교사의 조직몰입 및 그 하위요소들인 교사의 동료몰입, 일 몰입, 학교몰입, 교직몰입에 대한 학교조직변인들과 교사의 인구사회학적 변인들의 효과를 분석하였다. 목포지역에 근무하는 전체 초등 교사 852명 중 627명의 질문지를 최종 분석하였다. 교사들의 조직몰입과 학교조직변인들에 대한 인식을 파악한 결과, 교사들은 학교보다는 일과 동료교사에 대해 더 몰입하고 있었다. 교사들은 학교가 인화풍토인 것으로 인식하고 있었고, 교장은 비교적 참여적 리더십을 발휘하는 것으로 인식하였으며, 상급자의 지원이나 복지만족에 있어서는 보통 수준인 것으로 인식하였다. 여교사가 남교사보다 교직에 대한 몰입이 높게 나타났다. 교사의 나이가 많아질수록 일에 대한 몰입은 낮아졌다. 교사의 나이가 많을수록 그리고 재직기간이 길어질수록 학교에 대한 몰입이 높아졌다. 학교의 합리풍토와 인화풍토, 교장의 참여적 리더십, 상사의 지원, 교사의 복지만족이 높을수록, 전체 교사조직몰입 및 하위요소들의 몰입이 높아졌으며, 학교의 폐쇄풍토와 교사의 업무스트레스가 높을수록, 전체 교사조직몰입 및 하위요소들의 몰입이 낮아졌다. 중다회귀분석 결과 전체 교사조직몰입에 대해 학교조직변인들 중 인화풍토가 가장 큰 영향을 주었으며, 그 다음으로 교장의 참여적 리더십, 상사의 지원, 교사의 복지만족 순으로 큰 영향을 주었다. 교사의 일 몰입, 동료몰입, 교직몰입에 제일 큰 영향을 주는 학교조직변인은 학교의 인화풍토였으며, 교사의 학교몰입에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 학교조직변인은 학교의 합리풍토인 것으로 나타났다.

      • 「狀況適應的 指導性과 效果性」

        朴會倫 淸州敎育大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

        We have defined leadership as the process of influencing the activities of an individual or a group in efforts toward goal achievement in a given situation. In essence, leadership involoes accomplishing goal with and through people. In the early days leaders were looked upon as individuals who are superior by virtue of the fact that they possess certain physical and socio-psychological characteristics on the basis of trait theories in leadership. But there is little conclusively predictability of leadership ability and managerial success. One of the most popular explanation concerning the emergent leadership phenominon is known as the situational theory. This view, unlike the trait theory, suggests that the situation makes the leader. So the purpose of this article is to seek how we promote the effectiveness of leadership on the situational theory. According to the model suggested by Fiedler, three major situational variables seem to determine whether a given situation is favorable or unfavorable to a leader (1) his personal relations with the members of his group (leader-member relations), (2) the degree of structure in the task that the group has been assigned to perform (task structure), and (3) the powor and authority that his position provides (position power). The most favorable situation for a leader to influence his group is one in which he is well liked by the members (good leader-member relations), has a powerful position(high position power), and is directing well defined job (high task structure). A new development in leadership theory and research is Path-Goal Theory. This theory is concerned primarily with how the leader influences the followers' perceptions of their work goals, and paths to goal accomplishment. The leader's behavior is viewed acceptable by followers when it is perceived to be imediately satisfying or instrumental in future satisfaction. It is motivational if it relates satisfaction to goal accomplishment and is supportive of goal-oriented behavior.

      • N,N'-Substituted Urea 誘導體의 合成 및 그 抗菌作用에 關한 硏究

        姜會洋 啓明大學校 生活科學硏究所 1981 科學論集 Vol.7 No.-

        Eight Ν,Ν′-substituted ureas, Ν-(6-ethoxy and 6 methoxy benzothiazolyl)-Ν′-(2-phenyl, 2-ο-chlorophenyl, 2-m-chlorpheny1 and 2-ρ-chlorophenyl) ureas have been newly synthesized by reaction 2-amino-6-ethoxy and 6-methoxy benzothiazols with several phenyl, ο-chlorophenyl, m-chlorophenyl, and ρ-chlorophenyl isocyanate, respectively. The compounds generally exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli , and staphy-lococcus aureus. The results obtained were as follows; Ν-(6-ethoxy benzothiazoly)-Ν′-(2-ο-chloro pheny1) urea were active against Escherichia coli, and staphylococcus aureus at the concentration of 50μg/ml. Ν-(6-methoxy benzothiazoly)-Ν′-(2-m-chloropheny1) urea were active against Escherichia coli at the concentration of 50μg/ml.

      • 초·중등교원 정보기술 소양의 현수준과 기대수준에 관한 연구

        신호균,한일조 한국정보시스템학회 2003 情報시스템硏究 Vol.12 No.2

        The purpose of this study was to survey current status of information technology literacy in Korean teachers and to give some suggestions for the preparation of prospective teachers in Korea. To achieve the purpose, data were collected using on- and off-line surveys containing questionnaires developed by the researchers. The survey items were categorized into 11 groups such as operation capability, computer use and communication, word processing, ethics, computer fundamentals, understanding of educational IT, information instruments use, application s/w use, work processing with computer, and internet use capability. Major findings were as follows: (1) Female teachers rated their IT literacy level higher than male teachers. (2) Teachers with longer teaching experience rated their IT literacy level lower than those of shorter experience. (3) There were no signigicant differences among sex, school, job grade of teachers at the present level of literacy, but there were significant differences among sex, age, carreer, job grade, and subject matter at the expectation level except for school grade.

      • 사회주의 국가헌법상 입법부의 지위와 기능 : 소련을 중심으로 in the case of the USSR

        도회근 울산대학교 1988 연구논문집 Vol.19 No.2

        소련 헌법은 권력통합 원리에 기초한 소비에트제도를 규정하고 있다. 소비에트제는 국가권력이 입법부인 소비에트에 집중되고, 기타 국가기관은 모두 소비에트에 종속되도록 되어있다. 많은 학자들은 이 소비에트제가 헌법상으롬나 국가최고권력기관이라고 되어 있을 뿐, 실제로는 공산당에 모든 권력이 집중되고 있다고 생각하여 왔다. 그러나 최근 연구와 자료에 의하면, 소비에트와 그 대의원의 지위의 강화, 상임위원회의 활동, 특히 소비에트와 대의원을 통한 통제기능이 강조되고 있음을 보게 된다. 여러가지 제도적, 실체적인 한계가 있기는 하지만, 그럼에도 불구하고 소비에트가 형식적인 합의형성의 '고무도장' 이상의 어떤 기능을 수행하고 있음은 사실이라고 생각되며, 이러나 관점에서 소비에트에 대한 우리의 새로운 관심이 요구되고 있다. Teh constitution of the USSR prescribes a soviet system based on the principle of concentration of powers. In soviet system, all the state powers are concentrated to the legislature, the soviets, and the other state bodies are subordinate to the soviets. Many scholars think that the soviet are the highest body of state authority only in the constitution, in reality all the powers are in the hand of the communist party. But the recent documents and studies emphasize that the status of the soviets and its deputies has strengthened and the function of control through the soviets, the standing committees and its deputies are regarded as important. Though there are various systematic and substantial restrictions, it seems true that the soviets carry out some functions more than a rubber stamp of formal formation of concensus, ad from this point of view, we should have to give new attention tothe soviet system.

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