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Reorienting Japan? Security Transformation Under the Second Abe Cabinet
( Hiroshi Nakanishi ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2015 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.39 No.3
In this article, I provide an overview of the major security and defense changes achieved by the second Abe Shinzo cabinet and analyze why Abe was reasonably successful. Based on analysis of the major Japanese strategic guidelines, the new National Security Council, and legal arguments on interpretations of the constitution, I argue that Abe’s security and defense reforms are not unique to his ideology or political stance but follow the general trend Japan has pursued in the last two decades. What is unique about Abe is his drive and political tact to ram through these reforms. These reforms are also suited to shift Japan’s geopolitical focus away from the Asian continent and toward the Eurasian littoral and maritime areas, where Japan sees more economic and political opportunities without the historical controversies it faces in East Asia.
히로시나카니시 ( Hiroshi Nakanishi ) 평화문제연구소 2013 IPA 30주년기념 국제학술대회 자료집 Vol.2013 No.-
During the Cold War era, Japan``s policy towards the Korean Peninsula aimed to uphold South Korea under the US security umbrella rather than the Korean unification. When the Cold War ended, there was a chance for Japan to pursue both deeper engagement with South Korea as well as normalizing its relations with the North. This policy shift bore fruit in 1998 as the Japan-South Korea joint declaration between Prime Minister Obuchi and President Kim Dae-jung. However, the bilateral relationship with North Korea aggravated around that year, because of the ballistic missile launch and the heightened public interest in the abduction issue. Japan-South Korea relationship also stagnated because of frictions on historical and territorial issues. Japan``s direct influence on the Korean peninsula has been much diminished for the last twenty years, and now Japan``s influence is more indirectly used through the US and possibly China and Russia. Still, the Korean unification provides much benefits to Japan if it occurs peacefully. It will eliminate Japan``s foremost security threat and may solve the entangled abduction issue once and for all. The unification may strengthen the general security including maritime affairs. Moreover the unification will provide favorable environment to enhance the Japanese-Korean mutual exchange at th esocietal level.
Yuuki Nakanishi,Norihiro Shimomura,Teruyuki Matsumoto,Hiroshi Otani,Tadanori Aimi 한국버섯학회 2010 한국버섯학회지 Vol.8 No.4
Detections of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during ectomycorrhiza establishment between Rhizopogon roseolus (shoro) and Pinus thunbergii were made microscopically using a nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) staining. Roots of P. thunbergii were aseptically infected with R. roseolus mycelium by using a Petri dish technique. From 2- to 4-week period after inoculation, initial mycorrhizal formation could be observed. Lateral root tips were treated with NBT and then observed under a light microscope. Depositions of blue formazan indicating O2- accumulation were detected mainly hyphal cells contacting with the roots surface. Observations of transverse section of the root revealed that depositions of blue formazan were also detected at the plasma membranes of the epidermal cells where the fungal hyphae were adhesively contacted. In the non-inoculated P. thunbergii roots, depositions of formazan were observed in root hair cells but not in epidermal cells. From 4- to 8-week period after inoculation, dichotomous mycorrhizas and extraradical mycelia were clearly observed. A section from the mycorrhiza treated with NBT showed that root tissue was surrounded by fungal mantle sheath, in which highly intensive reaction with NBT was demonstrated. The reactive formazan complexes were apparent in Hartig net hyphae between epidermal and cortical cells of the root. After 16 weeks following inoculation, morphology of mycorrhizas became variable, viz., initial, dichotomous and browned mycorrhizas. The browned mycorrhizas were characterized by wrinkled surfaces and sparse extraradical mycelia. The browned mycorrhizas were collected and treated with NBT. A section from the specimen showed that depositions were slightly observed only in the part of extraradical mycelia. These results suggest that O2- generations from both fungus and plant are involved with the early establishment of ectomycorrhizas between R. roseolus and P. thunbergii.
Risk Factors for Complications after Reconstructive Surgery for Sternal Wound Infection
Ichiro Hashimoto,Mitsuru Takaku,Shinji Matsuo,Yoshiro Abe,Hiroshi Harada,Hiroaki Nagae,Yusuke Fujioka,Kuniaki Anraku,Kiichi Inagawa,Hideki Nakanishi 대한성형외과학회 2014 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.41 No.3
Background: Although the utility of flaps for the treatment of sternal wound infections following median sternotomy has been reported for 30 years, there have been few reports on the risk factors for complications after reconstruction. The objective of this investigation was to identify factors related to complications after the reconstruction of sternal wound infections. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 74 patients with reconstructive surgery after sternal wound infection over a 5-year period was performed. Clinical data including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, bacterial culture, previous cardiac surgery, wound depth, mortality rate, type of reconstructive procedure, and complication rate were collected. Results: The patients’ BMI ranged from 15.2 to 33.6 kg/m2 (mean, 23.1±3.74 kg/m2). Wound closure complications after reconstructive surgery were observed in 36.5% of the cases. The mortality rate was 2.7%. Diabetes mellitus significantly affected the rate of wound closure complications (P=0.041). A significant difference in the number of complications was seen between Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (P=0.011). There was a correlation between harvesting of the internal thoracic artery and postoperative complications (P=0.048). The complication rates of the pectoralis major flap, rectus abdominis flap, omentum flap, a combination of pectoralis major flap and rectus abdominis flap, and direct closure were 23.3%, 33.3%, 100%, 37.5%, and 35.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus, S. aureus, harvesting of the internal thoracic artery, and omentum flap were significant factors for complications after reconstruction. The omentum flap volume may be related to the complications associated with the omentum flap transfer in the present study.
In-grid Demonstration of High-temperature Superconducting Cable
Ohya, Masayoshi,Ashibe, Yuichi,Watanabe, Michihiko,Yumura, Hiroyasu,Nakanishi, Tatsuo,Hirota, Hirofumi,Masuda, Takato,Ichikawa, Hiroshi,Mimura, Tomoo,Honjo, Shoichi,Hara, Tsukushi The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2013 The Journal of International Council on Electrical Vol.3 No.2
In a national project that began in 2007, Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), Sumitomo Electric Industries (SEI) and Mayekawa Mfg. Corporation (MYCOM) aim to operate a 66 kV, 200 MVA HTS cable system in a power grid to demonstrate its reliability and stable operation. In order to verify the validity of the cable design, a 30 m HTS cable system was constructed and subjected to various tests. After the confirmation of the nominal current and voltage performance, a long-term operation test was performed to verify whether the HTS cable system is capable of handling the rated current and voltage for thirty years. A 250 m cable was manufactured for the in-grid demonstration, and shipping tests were successful. The cable system construction was completed at the Asahi substation (Yokohama, Kanagawa), and the in-grid demonstration will start in 2012.
PROMOTING START UP OF UASB REACTORS BY ADDING OF WATER ABSORBING POLYMER
今井岡,FUKAGAWA, Masayuki,LIU, Jun,UKITA, Masao,SEKINE, Masahiko,NAKANISHI, Hiroshi 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1997 環境硏究 Vol.17 No.1
ABSTRACTWe have developed a new approach to enhance granulation by adding water absorbing polymer (WAP) particles into the inoculated digested sludge. In this study, the effect of adding WAP on formation of anaerobic granular sludge was evaluated in lab-scale UASB reactors using two typical synthetic wastewater, i.e. glucose of volatile fatty acid (VFA) mixture solution. In addition, side by side with the lab-scale experiment, a pilot-scale experiment using the VFA mixture was carried out to evaluate the availability of accelerated start-up by adding WAP. The development of granular sludge was significantly enhanced by adding WAP. Granules developed on glucose and VFAs had high methanogenic activities and good settleability. From results of lab-scale experiment, the recommended dosage of WAP was about 750 mg/l of reactor volume. The results, pilot-scale experiment, indicated the availability of accelerated start-up adding WAP.