Glutamate attenuates lipopolysaccharide induced intestinal barrier injury by regulating corticotropin-releasing factor pathway in weaned pigs

Guo Junjie,Liang Tianzeng,Chen Huifu,Li Xiangen,Ren Xiaorui,Wang Xiuying,Xiao Kan,Zhao Jiangchao,Zhu Huiling,Liu Yulan 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.8

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protection of glutamate (GLU) against the impairment in intestinal barrier function induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stress in weaned pigs. Methods: Twenty-four weaned pigs were divided into four treatments containing: i) nonchallenged control, ii) LPS-challenged control, iii) LPS+1.0% GLU, and iv) LPS+2.0% GLU. On day 28, pigs were treated with LPS or saline. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, and 4 h post-injection. After blood samples collection at 4 h, all pigs were slaughtered, and spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and intestinal samples were obtained. Results: Dietary GLU supplementation inhibited the LPS-induced oxidative stress in pigs, as demonstrated by reduced malondialdehyde level and increased glutathione level in jejunum. Diets supplemented with GLU enhanced villus height, villus height/crypt depth and claudin-1 expression, attenuated intestinal histology and ultrastructure impairment induced by LPS. Moreover, GLU supplementation reversed intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte number decrease and mast cell number increase induced by LPS stress. GLU reduced serum cortisol concentration at 4 h after LPS stress and downregulated the mRNA expression of intestinal corticotropin-releasing factor signal (corticotrophin-releasing factor [CRF], CRF receptor 1 [CRFR1], glucocorticoid receptor, tryptase, nerve growth factor, tyrosine kinase receptor A), and prevented mast cell activation. GLU upregulated the mRNA expression of intestinal transforming growth factor β. Conclusion: These findings indicate that GLU attenuates LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury, which is associated with modulating CRF signaling pathway. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protection of glutamate (GLU) against the impairment in intestinal barrier function induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stress in weaned pigs.Methods: Twenty-four weaned pigs were divided into four treatments containing: i) non-challenged control, ii) LPS-challenged control, iii) LPS+1.0% GLU, and iv) LPS+2.0% GLU. On day 28, pigs were treated with LPS or saline. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, and 4 h post-injection. After blood samples collection at 4 h, all pigs were slaughtered, and spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and intestinal samples were obtained.Results: Dietary GLU supplementation inhibited the LPS-induced oxidative stress in pigs, as demonstrated by reduced malondialdehyde level and increased glutathione level in jejunum. Diets supplemented with GLU enhanced villus height, villus height/crypt depth and claudin-1 expression, attenuated intestinal histology and ultrastructure impairment induced by LPS. Moreover, GLU supplementation reversed intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte number decrease and mast cell number increase induced by LPS stress. GLU reduced serum cortisol concentration at 4 h after LPS stress and downregulated the mRNA expression of intestinal corticotropin-releasing factor signal (corticotrophin-releasing factor [<i>CRF</i>], CRF receptor 1 [<i>CRFR1</i>], glucocorticoid receptor, tryptase, nerve growth factor, tyrosine kinase receptor A), and prevented mast cell activation. GLU upregulated the mRNA expression of intestinal transforming growth factor β.Conclusion: These findings indicate that GLU attenuates LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury, which is associated with modulating CRF signaling pathway.

Efficient Multicast Routing on BCube-Based Data Centers

( Junjie Xie ),( Deke Guo ),( Jia Xu ),( Lailong Luo ),( Xiaoqiang Teng ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.12

Multicast group communication has many advantages in data centers and thus is widely used by many applications. It can efficiently reduce the network traffic and improve the application throughput. For the multicast application in data centers, an essential problem is how to find a minimal multicast tree, which has been proved to be NP-hard. In this paper, we propose an approximation tree-building method for the minimal multicast problem, named HD(Hamming Distance)-based multicast tree. Consider that many new network structures have been proposed for data centers. We choose three representative ones, including BCube, FBFLY, and HyperX, whose topological structures can be regarded as the generalized hypercube. Given a multicast group in BCube, the HD-based method can jointly schedule the path from each of receiver to the only sender among multiple disjoint paths; hence, it can quickly construct an efficient multicast tree with the low cost. The experimental results demonstrate that our method consumes less time to construct an efficient multicast tree, while considerably reduces the cost of the multicast tree compared to the representative methods. Our approach for BCube can also be adapted to other generalized hypercube network structures for data centers after minimal modifications.

Diphoton signal of the light Higgs boson in natural NMSSM

Cao, Junjie,Guo, Xiaofei,He, Yangle,Wu, Peiwen,Zhang, Yang American Physical Society 2017 Physical review. D Vol.95 No.11

<P>The natural Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (nNMSSM) is featured by predicting one CP-even Higgs boson satisfying m(h1) less than or similar to 120 GeV and Higgsinos lighter than about 300 GeV, and consequently, the cross section for dark matter (DM)-nucleon scattering in this scenario is usually quite large. We study the diphoton signal of the light Higgs boson in nNMSSM by considering the tight constraints from the latest LUX and PandaX-II experiments, and we conclude that the optimal value of the signal rate at 8 TeV LHC is greatly reduced in comparison with earlier predictions. For example, previous studies indicated that the rate may exceed 120 fb for m(h1) similar or equal to 80 GeV, while it is at most 25 fb if the lightest neutralino in the scenario is fully responsible for the measured DM relic density. We also investigate the case of m(h1) similar or equal to 98 GeV, which is hinted by the excesses of the large electron proton collider analysis on Z (b) over bar b signal and the compact muon solenoid analysis on the diphoton signal. We conclude that nNMSSM can simultaneously explain the excesses at the 1 sigma level without violating any known constraints.</P>

Scalar dark matter interpretation of the DAMPE data with U(1) gauge interactions

Cao, Junjie,Feng, Lei,Guo, Xiaofei,Shang, Liangliang,Wang, Fei,Wu, Peiwen American Physical Society 2018 Physical review. D Vol.97 No.9

<P>Recently, the Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) experiment released the new measurement of the total cosmic e(+) e(-) flux between 25 GeV and 4.6 TeV, which indicates a spectral softening at around 0.9 TeV and a tentative peak at around 1.4 TeV. We utilize a scalar dark matter (DM) model to explain the DAMPE peak by XX -> Z'Z' -> l (l) over barl'(l) over bar 'l with an additional anomaly-free gauged U (l) family symmetry, in which X, Z'and l((')) denote, respectively, the scalar DM, the new gauge boson, and l((')) = e, mu, tau, with m(x) similar to m(z)' similar to 2 x 1.5 (TeV). We first illustrate that the minimal framework Gsm X U(l)(Y') with the above mass choices can explain the DAMPE excess, which, however, be excluded by LHC constraints from the Z' searches. Then, we study a nonminimal framework G(SM) X U(l)(Y') x U(i)(Y') in which U(l)(Y') mixes with U(l)(Y'). We show that such a framework can interpret the DAMPE data and at the same time survive all other constraints including the DM relic abundance, DM direct detection, and collider bounds. We also investigate the predicted e(+) e(-) spectrum in this framework and find that the mass splitting Delta m = m(x) - m(z') should be less than about 17 GeV to produce the peaklike structure.</P>

Scalar dark matter explanation of the DAMPE data in the minimal left-right symmetric model

Cao, Junjie,Guo, Xiaofei,Shang, Liangliang,Wang, Fei,Wu, Peiwen,Zu, Lei American Physical Society 2018 Physical Review D Vol.97 No.6

Explaining the DAMPE data with scalar dark matter and gauged $$U(1)_{L_e-L_\mu }$$ U ( 1 ) L e - L μ interaction

Cao, Junjie,Feng, Lei,Guo, Xiaofei,Shang, Liangliang,Wang, Fei,Wu, Peiwen,Zu, Lei Springer-Verlag 2018 European Physical Journal C Vol.78 No.3

LDMOS with Variable-k Dielectric for Improved Breakdown Voltage and Specific On-resistance

Songnan Guo,Junji Cheng,Xing Bi Chen 대한전자공학회 2019 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.19 No.5

A silicon-on-insulator (SOI) lateral double-diffused MOSFET (LDMOS) with variable-k dielectric is proposed, which features three-section high-k dielectrics placed over the drift region. Beneficial from the modulation, by high-k dielectrics, on electric fluxes in the drift region, the electric field strength is locally enhanced, and has a more uniform distribution along the surface of the drift region, which an increment of the breakdown voltage (BV) ascribes to. Moreover, due to the electric fluxes prefer to flow towards and through a high-k dielectric, an increase in the dose of the drift region is thus possible to reduce the specific on-resistance (Ron,sp), since the extra electric fluxes caused by those increased impurities would flow, upwards, into the high-k dielectric, and barely make contributions to the x-component of the surface electric field, which indicates that the BV would not be affected. Based on a comparison with the conventional LDMOS, the BV of the proposed LDMOS increased by 31% with a decrease of 13% in the Ron,sp. The figure of merit (FOM) increased approximately 2 times.

Numerical analysis of stress wave of projectile impact composite laminate

Zhangxin Guo,Weijing Niu,Junjie Cui,Gin Boay Chai,Yongcun Li,Xiaodong Wu 국제구조공학회 2023 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.87 No.2

The three-dimensional Hashin criterion and user subroutine VUMAT were used to simulate the damage in the composite layer, and the secondary stress criterion was used to simulate the interlayer failure of the cohesive element of the bonding layer and the propagation characteristics under the layer. The results showed that when the shear stress wave (shear wave) propagates on the surface of the laminate, the stress wave attenuation along the fiber strength direction is small, and thus producing a large stress profile. When the compressive stress wave (longitudinal wave) is transmitted between the layers, it is reflected immediately instead of being transmitted immediately. This phenomenon occurs only when the energy has accumulated to a certain degree between the layers. The transmission of longitudinal waves is related to the thickness and the layer orientation. Along the symmetry across the thickness direction, the greater is the stress amplitude along the layer direction. Based on the detailed investigation on the impact on various laminated composites carried out in this paper, the propagation characteristics of stress waves, the damage and the destruction of laminates can be explained from the perspective of stress waves and a reasonable layering sequence of the composite can be designed against damage and failure from low velocity impact.

Favorable Impact Toughness of High Heat Input Coarse-Grained HAZ in an Ultra-Low Carbon High-Strength Microalloyed Steel

Fuhui Cui,Junjie Wang1,Xiangdong Gan,Dawei Yu,Ilya Vladimirovich Okulov,Qinghua Tian,Xueyi Guo 대한금속ᆞ재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.2

Liquid Mg is capable of quickly eroding the refractory Ni-based superalloy and selectively dissolve Ni, which opens up anew avenue for the recycling of superalloy scraps for comprehensive metal reclamation. This study aims at investigating theunderlining mechanism and kinetics of the selective dissolution of Ni from Inconel 718 (one type of Ni-based superalloy)with liquid Mg, by experimenting at 750, 800, and 850 °C for various amounts of time in an inert atmosphere. This selectivedissolution process is also known as liquid metal dealloying. Results show that a permeable dealloyed layer was formedresulting from the preferential dissolution of Ni over other metallic elements (e.g., Fe, Cr, Nb, Mo, and Ti). At the dealloyingforefront, the grain boundaries of the matrix γ phase were preferentially eroded by liquid Mg. The opposite concentrationgradients of Ni (4–9 wt%) and Mg (12–18 wt%) cross the dealloyed layer suggested their counter diffusion. A higher heatingtemperature substantially increased the dealloying rate.

Dealloying Superalloy by Liquid Mg for the Selective Extraction of Ni

Fuhui Cui,Junjie Wang,Xiangdong Gan,Dawei Yu,Ilya Vladimirovich Okulov,Qinghua Tian,Xueyi Guo 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.3

Liquid Mg is capable of quickly eroding the refractory Ni-based superalloy and selectively dissolve Ni, which opens up anew avenue for the recycling of superalloy scraps for comprehensive metal reclamation. This study aims at investigating theunderlining mechanism and kinetics of the selective dissolution of Ni from Inconel 718 (one type of Ni-based superalloy)with liquid Mg, by experimenting at 750, 800, and 850 °C for various amounts of time in an inert atmosphere. This selectivedissolution process is also known as liquid metal dealloying. Results show that a permeable dealloyed layer was formedresulting from the preferential dissolution of Ni over other metallic elements (e.g., Fe, Cr, Nb, Mo, and Ti). At the dealloyingforefront, the grain boundaries of the matrix γ phase were preferentially eroded by liquid Mg. The opposite concentrationgradients of Ni (4–9 wt%) and Mg (12–18 wt%) cross the dealloyed layer suggested their counter diffusion. A higher heatingtemperature substantially increased the dealloying rate.