http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
IS INDONESIAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABLE TO THE POOR? EVIDENCE FROM HEALTH POLICY IMPLEMENTATION
Diego Fossati 동아시아연구원 2016 Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.16 No.3
Since decentralization in 2001, Indonesian local governments have acquired a key role in poverty alleviation and social service delivery. The extent to which they have been able to meet this challenge is subject to debate, however, and systematic analysis of policy outcomes remains scarce. This paper contributes to the literature with a study of the district-level implementation of Jamkesmas, Indonesia’s free healthcare program for the poor. Using original data on policy implementation, I show that local government is to some extent responsive to the needs of the most vulnerable. In years when local elections (pilkada) are implemented, low-income households are targeted more accurately, suggesting that electoral incentives for local elites may increase access to social services among the poor. However, I also show that the positive effect of local direct elections is limited to districts with electorally competitive politics.
Wind loading on trees integrated with a building envelope
Aly, Aly Mousaad,Fossati, Fabio,Muggiasca, Sara,Argentini, Tommaso,Bitsuamlak, Girma,Franchi, Alberto,Longarini, Nicola,Crespi, Pietro,Chowdhury, Arindam Gan Techno-Press 2013 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.17 No.1
With the sustainability movement, vegetated building envelopes are gaining more popularity. This requires special wind effect investigations, both from sustainability and resiliency perspectives. The current paper focuses on wind load estimation on small- and full-scale trees used as part of green roofs and balconies. Small-scale wind load assessment was carried out using a wind tunnel testing in a global-effect study to understand the interference effects from surrounding structures. Full-scale trees were investigated at a large open-jet facility in a local-effect study to account for the wind-tree interaction. The effect of Reynolds number combined with shape change on the overall loads measured at the base of the trees (near the roots) has been investigated by testing at different model-scales and wind speeds. In addition, high-speed tests were conducted to examine the security of the trees in soil and to assess the effectiveness of a proposed structural mitigation system. Results of the current research show that at relatively high wind speeds the load coefficients tend to be reduced, limiting the wind loads on trees. No resonance or vortex shedding was visually observed.
Wind loading on trees integrated with a building envelope
Aly Mousaad ALY,Fabio Fossati,Tommaso Argentini,Girma Bitsuamlak,Alberto Franchi,Nicola Longarini,Pietro Crespi,Arindam Gan Chowdhury 한국풍공학회 2013 한국풍공학회지 Vol.17 No.1
With the sustainability movement, vegetated building envelopes are gaining more popularity. This requires special wind effect investigations, both from sustainability and resiliency perspectives. The current paper focuses on wind load estimation on small- and full-scale trees used as part of green roofs and balconies. Small-scale wind load assessment was carried out using a wind tunnel testing in a global-effect study to understand the interference effects from surrounding structures. Full-scale trees were investigated at a large open-jet facility in a local-effect study to account for the wind-tree interaction. The effect of Reynolds number combined with shape change on the overall loads measured at the base of the trees (near the roots) has been investigated by testing at different model-scales and wind speeds. In addition, high-speed tests were conducted to examine the security of the trees in soil and to assess the effectiveness of a proposed structural mitigation system. Results of the current research show that at relatively high wind speeds the load coefficients tend to be reduced, limiting the wind loads on trees. No resonance or vortex shedding was visually observed.
Alberto Abrate,Giovanni Lughezzani,Giulio Maria Gadda,Giuliana Lista,Ella Kinzikeeva,Nicola Fossati,Alessandro Larcher,Paolo Dell’Oglio,Francesco Mistretta,Nicolòmaria Buffi,Giorgio Guazzoni,Massimo L 대한비뇨의학회 2014 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.55 No.7
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is recognized as an organ-specific marker with low specificityand sensitivity in discriminating prostate cancer (PCa) from other benign conditions,such as prostatic hyperplasia or chronic prostatitis. Thus, in the case of clinicalsuspicion, a PCa diagnosis cannot be made without a prostate biopsy. [-2]proPSA(p2PSA), a precursor of PSA, has been investigated as a new marker to accurately detectPCa. The aim of this systematic review was to discuss the available literature regardingthe clinical validity and utility of p2PSA and its derivatives, p2PSA/fPSA (%p2PSA)and the Prostate Health Index (PHI). A systematic search of the PubMed and Scopuselectronic databases was performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement(http://www.prisma-statement.org), considering the time period from January 1990 toJanuary 2014 and using the following search terms: proprostate specific antigen, proenzymePSA, proPSA, [-2]proPSA, p2PSA, Prostate Health Index, and PHI. To date,115 studies have been published, but only 35 were considered for the qualitativeanalysis. These studies suggested that p2PSA is the most cancer-specific form of PSA,being preferentially expressed in PCa tissue and being significantly elevated in the serumof men with PCa. It is now evident that p2PSA, %p2PSA, and PHI measurementsimprove the specificity of the available tests (PSA and derivatives) in detecting PCa. Moreover, increasing PHI values seem to correlate with more aggressive disease. Somestudies have compared p2PSA and its derivatives with other new biomarkers and foundp2PSA to be significantly more accurate. Indeed, the implementation of these tests inclinical practice has the potential to significantly increase the physician’s ability to detectPCa and avoid unnecessary biopsies, while also having an effective impact on costs. Further studies in large, multicenter, prospective trials are required to confirm theseencouraging results on the clinical utility of these new biomarkers.
Cross-Reactivity Between the Soybean Protein P34 and Bovine Caseins
Angela María Candreva,Paola Lorena Smaldini,Renata Curciarello,Ana Cauerhff,Carlos Alberto Fossati,Guillermo Horacio Docena,Silvana Petruccelli 대한천식알레르기학회 2015 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.7 No.1
Purpose: Soy-based formulas are widely used as dairy substitutes to treat milk allergy patients. However, reactions to soy have been reported in a small proportion of patients with IgE-mediated milk allergies. The aim of this work was to explore whether P34, a mayor soybean allergen, is involved in this cross-reactivity. Methods: In vitro recognition of P34 was evaluated by immunoblotting, competitive ELISA and basophil activation tests (BAT) using sera from allergic patients. In vivo cross-reactivity was examined using an IgE-mediated milk allergy mouse model. Results: P34 was recognized by IgE antibodies from the sera of milk allergic patients, casein-specific monoclonal antibodies, and sera from milk-allergic mice. Spleen cells from sensitized mice incubated with milk, soy or P34 secreted IL-5 and IL-13, while IFN-γ remained unchanged. In addition, the cutaneous test was positive with cow’s milk proteins (CMP) and P34 in the milk allergy mouse model. Moreover, milk-sensitized mice developed immediate symptoms following sublingual exposure to P34. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that P34 shares epitopes with bovine casein, which is responsible for inducing hypersensitivity symptoms in milk allergic mice. This is the first report of the in vivo cross-allergenicity of P34.