Best practices for initiation of banana and plantain (Musa spp.) cultures

Fatma H. Kiruwa(Fatma H. Kiruwa ),Emanuel Epathra Mlinga(Emanuel Epathra Mlinga ),Agatha Amnaay Aloyce(Agatha Amnaay Aloyce ),Mpoki Mathew Shimwela(Mpoki Mathew Shimwela ) (사)한국식물생명공학회 2024 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.51 No.1

Review on finite element analysis of dental implants

Fatma Nur Büyük(Fatma Nur Büyük ),Efe Savran(Efe Savran ),Fatih Karpat(Fatih Karpat ) 대한치과이식임플란트학회 2022 The Korean Academy of Implant Dentistry Vol.41 No.3

Dental implants are structures of high importance, as in other implant studies used in the biomedical field. The jawbone is a structure of such importance that it affects the nutritional functions of the living thing with which it is integrated. Therefore, intervention in this structure is of high importance. Parts for use in the biomedical field can be produced using numerical analysis, thus saving time and cost. In addition, the level of trust increases in the living being where the dental implant is applied. This paper reviews studies using the finite element method for the numerical analysis of dental implants. The analysis revealed important conditions, such as groove type, material, osseointegration status, splinting, dimensions, neck region, and fatigue strength of the dental implant.

Fouling mechanism and screening of backwash parameters

Fatma Zohra Slimane,Fatma Ellouze,Nihel Ben Amar 대한환경공학회 2019 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.24 No.2

This work deals with the membrane fouling mode and the unclogging in seawater ultrafiltration process. The identification of the fouling mechanism by modeling the experimental flux decline was performed using both the classical models of Hermia and the combined models of Bolton. The results show that Bolton models did not bring more precise information than the Hermia’s and the flux decline can be described by one of the four Hermia’s models since the backwash interval is ≤ 60 min. An experimental screening study has been then conducted to choose among 5 parameters (backwash interval, duration, pulses and the flow-rate or injected hypochlorite concentration) those that are the most influential on the fouling and the net water production. It has emerged that fouling is mainly affected by the backwash interval; its prolongation from 30 to 60 min engenders an increase in the reversible fouling and a decrease in the irreversible fouling. This later is also significantly reduced when the hypochlorite concentration increases from 4.5 to 10 ppm. Moreover, the net water production significantly increases with increasing the filtration duration up to 60 min and decreases with decreasing the backwash duration and backwash flow-rate from 10 to 40 s and from 15 to ≥ 20 L.min<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively.

Identification of the main cause of mortality in a commercial Oreaochromis niloticus farm: The role of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate as a preventive measure against Edwardsiellosis

Fatma M. M. Korni,Fatma I. Abo El-Ela,Usama K. Moawad 한국어병학회 2023 한국어병학회지 Vol.36 No.1

The current study aimed to identify the primary cause of mortality in a commercial Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) farm. Furthermore, the efficacy of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) as a feed additive to prevent mortality was investigated after in-vitro testing. Also, a histopathological examination was carried out. The samples of naturally diseased O. niloticus showed swellings and hemorrhages on the body surface. Moreover, the post-mortem examination revealed black fluids with an awful odor, a congested liver, and intestinal gasses. Concerning diagnosis of the main cause of mortality in diseased O. niloticus, , there were eight isolates might be Edwardsiella tarda based on the biochemical identification results. Also, the identification was confirmed by using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The resulting spectra of two previously identified E. tarda strains were then compared to those found in the Bruker database and the two strains were identified as E. tarda at the species level. For detection of pathogenicity of identified strains, the virulence E. tarda hemolysin (ETHA) gene were detected at band 1078 bp in the eight identified strains. Regarding the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of PHB against E. tarda, the antibacterial activity of blood and tissues had been calculated using the Agar and well diffusion procedures Prior to and after the challenge,. Lower bacterial counts and a larger inhibition zone were signs of the tested materials' concentration-dependent antibacterial activity. For in-vivo evaluation of PHB in dietary-fed O. niloticus, PHB was effective in preventing Edwardsiellosis, with the lowest mortality rates in the group fed 10 g PHB/Kg feed after being injected with E. tarda. In comparison, the group that received a 5 g PHB/Kg feed after receiving an injection of E. tarda saw 16.6% mortalities and a 66.7 percent relative survival rate. The control positive group had 50% mortality. The results of the biochemical testes showed that O. niloticus's kidney and liver functions were unaffected by dietary PHB supplementation. Protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, aspartate transaminase levels were identical to those of the control negative group. According to the current study, the groups fed high and low PHB concentrations had considerably higher levels of immunoglobulin M, complement 5, and interleukin-1 than the control group. The number of total viable bacteria was lower in the gut of PHB-fed groups than in control. Compared to mild histological alterations in those fed with a lower dosage and severe histopathological abnormalities in the control group, the greater dose of PHB effectively prevented Edwardsiellosis in O. niloticus with decreased mortality and no histopathological changes.

Tuberculous and Brucellar Spondylodiscitis: Comparative Analysis of Clinical, Laboratory, and Radiological Features

Hammami Fatma,Koubaa Makram,Feki Wiem,Chakroun Amal,Rekik Khaoula,Smaoui Fatma,Marrakchi Chakib,Mnif Zeineb,Jemaa Mounir Ben 대한척추외과학회 2021 Asian Spine Journal Vol.15 No.6

Study Design: This was a retrospective study. Purpose: The aim was to compare the clinical, laboratory, radiological, and evolutionary features of tuberculous spondylodiscitis (TS) and brucellar spondylodiscitis (BS). Overview of Literature: Clinical presentation of spondylodiscitis varies according to the underlying etiology, among which brucellosis and tuberculosis represent the primary cause, in endemic countries. Only a few studies have compared the characteristics between TS and BS. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using the data of all patients hospitalized for TS and BS in the infectious diseases department between 1991 and 2018. Results: Among a total of 117 patients, 73 had TS (62.4%) and 44 had BS (37.6%). Females were significantly more affected with TS than males (56.2% vs. 22.7%, p <0.001). Fever (72.7% vs. 45.2%, p =0.004) and sweating (72.7% vs. 47.9%, p =0.009) were significantly more frequent among patients with BS. The median erythrocyte sedimentation rate was significantly higher in the TS group (median, 70 mm/hr; interquartile range [IQR], 45–103 mm/hr) than in the BS group (median, 50 mm/hr; IQR, 16–75 mm/hr) (p =0.003). Thoracic involvement was significantly more frequent in the TS group (53.4% vs. 34.1%, p =0.04), whereas lumbar involvement was significantly more frequent in the BS group (72.7% vs. 49.3%, p =0.01). Initial imaging findings revealed significantly higher frequencies of posterior vertebral arch involvement, vertebral compaction, and spinal cord compression in the TS group. Percutaneous abscess drainage (20.5% vs. 2.3%, p =0.005) and surgical treatment (17.8% vs. 2.3%, p =0.01) were more frequently indicated in the TS group, with a significant difference. Conclusions: A combination of clinical, laboratory, and radiological features can be used to distinguish between TS and BS while these patients await diagnosis confirmation.

Effect of sugar deprivation and host species on the blood-feeding of Culex (Culex) univittatus mosquito

Fatma H. Galal 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.4

Blood feeding behavior is crucial in both incriminating a vector in disease transmission and in understanding the mechanism of transmission, too. Blood feeding is a complex behavior that includes many details (begin with landing on host's skin and end with take-off host's skin after feeding). Experiments were designed to monitor such details in Cx. (Cx.) univittatus mosquito, in relation to sugar deprivation time and species of the host. Twoway ANOVA revealed that both host species and sugar deprivation time had significant effects on feeding behavior of Cx. (Cx.) univittatus. Regarding the effect of host species on feeding behavior of Cx. (Cx.) univittatus, human was observed to be more attractive to the mosquito than the other hosts. The deprivation time (24 h) had the highest effect on the blood feeding behavior of Cx. (Cx.) univittatus. Generally, the tow-way ANOVA indicated that the kind of host species had a greater effect on feeding behavior than the sugar deprivation time. The combined effect of interaction between host species and sugar deprivation time showed significance in three cases only (% females landed, time to probing and % fully-engorged females). The combined effect presented its highest value in the case of percentage fully-engorged females. Meanwhile, the least value of the combined effect was in the case of time to full engorgement. These results suggested that Cx. (Cx.) univittatus could play a role in the maintenance of arboviruses within bird and animal populations in Saudi Arabia. Additional studies are needed to complete the figure of vectorial capacity of this mosquito species.

Comparison of transverse dental changes induced by the palatally applied Frog appliance and buccally applied Karad’s integrated distalizing system

Fatma Deniz Uzuner,Emine Kaygisiz,Fatih Unver,Tuba Tortop 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.2

Objective: To compare the transverse dental changes induced by the palatally applied Frog appliance and buccally applied Karad’s integrated distalizing system(KIDS). Methods: We evaluated the pre- and post distalization orthodontic models of 39 patients, including 19 treated using the Frog appliance, which is palatally positioned (Frog group), and 20 treated using KIDS, which is buccally positioned (KIDS group). Changes in intermolar and interpremolar distances and the amount of maxillary premolar and molar rotation were evaluated on model photocopies. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical evaluations. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Significant distopalatal rotation of premolars and distobuccal rotation of molars were observed in Frog group (p < 0.05), while significant distopalatal rotation of molars (p < 0.05), with no significant changes in premolars, was observed in KIDS group. The amount of second premolar and first molar rotation was significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, expansion in the region of the first molars and second premolars was significantly greater in KIDS group than in Frog group (p < 0.001 for both). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the type and amount of first molar rotation and expansion vary with the design of the distalization appliance used.

Synthesis, Pharmacological Activity Evaluation and Molecular Modeling of New Polynuclear Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Benzimidazole Derivatives

Fatma A. Bassyouni,Tamer S. Saleh,Mahmoud M. ElHefnawi,Sherein I. Abd El-Moez,Waled M. El-Senousy,Mohamed E. Abdel-Rehim 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.12

Novel heterocyclic compounds containing benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized from 2-(1Hbenzimidazol-2-yl) acetonitrile (1) and arylhydrazononitrile derivative 2 was obtained via coupling of 1 with 4-methyl phenyldiazonium salt, which was then reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to give amidooxime derivative 3. This product was cyclized into the corresponding oxadiazole derivative 4 upon reflux in acetic anhydride. Compound 4 was refluxed in DMF in the presence of triethylamine to give the corresponding 5-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-2-p-tolyl-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-amine 6. Treatment of compound 6 with ethyl chloroformate afforded 2,6-dihydro-2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,3-triazolo[4'',5''-4',5']pyrimido[1,6-a]benzimidazole-5(4H)-one (8). 1,2-bis(2-cyanomethyl-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)ethane-1,2-dione (10) was synthesized via the condensation reaction of 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) acetonitrile (1) and diethyloxalate. The reactivity of compound 10 towards some diamine reagents was studied. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was investigated against several pathogenic bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella typhimurium, E. coli O119, S. paratyphi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus. The results of MIC revealed that compounds 12a-c showed the most effective antimicrobial activity against tested strains. On the other hand, compounds 12a, b exhibited high activity against rotavirus Wa strain while compounds 12b, c exhibited high activity against adenovirus type 7. In silico target prediction, docking and validation of the compounds 12a-c were performed. The dialkylglycine decarboxylase bacterial enzyme was predicted as a potential bacterial target receptor using pharmacophorebased correspondence with previous leads; giving the highest normalized scores and a high correlation docking score with mean inhibition concentrations. A novel binding mechanism was predicted after docking using the MOE software and its validation.

Green and facile biosynthesis of silver nanocomposites using the aqueous extract of Rubus ellipticus leaves: Toxicity and oviposition deterrent activity against Zika virus, malaria and filariasis mosquito vectors

Fatma Saeed AlQahtani,Mashael Marzouq AlShebly,Marimuthu Govindarajan,Sengamalai Senthilmurugan,Periasamy Vijayan,Giovanni Benelli 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.1

Botanical-based nanosynthesis has been recently reported as a cheap alternative for mosquito management. In this study, we investigated the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the leaf extract of Rubus ellipticus and AgNPswere characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEMand EDX analyses. The toxicity of R. ellipticus leaf extract and AgNPs was evaluated against eggs, larvae and adults of Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Compared to the leaf aqueous extract, biosynthesized AgNPs showed higher toxicity against the mosquito larvae with LC50 values of 12.50, 13.83 and 15.09 μg/mL, respectively. AgNPs exerted zero hatchability at 60, 75 and 90 μg/mL on A. stephensi, A. aegypti, and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. Concentrations of 12–60 μg/mL reduced egg laying by gravid females from72.28 to 91.48%.Maximumadulticidal efficacywas observed for AgNPs,with LD50 values were 21.10, 23.04 and 25.06 μg/mL, respectively. AgNPs were found safer to non-target organisms Anisops bouvieri, Diplonychus indicus and Gambusia affinis, with LC50 values ranging from 896 to 2261 μg/mL. Overall, R. ellipticus-fabricated AgNPs acted as effective toxic agents and ovideterrents against three important mosquitoes species, with little harmful effects on non-target aquatic species.

Quality of Life Assessment in Women with Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study Including Hormonal Therapy

Fatma Sert,Zeynep Ozsaran,Erhan Eser,Senem Demirci Alanyalı,Ayfer Haydaroglu,Arif Aras 한국유방암학회 2013 Journal of breast cancer Vol.16 No.2

Purpose: Evaluating the effect of hormonal treatment on quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer patients by using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment (FACT) questionnaire is the main purpose of this trial. Methods: Breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant between January 2007 and December 2009 were evaluated. The first survey was done after patients completed their whole adjuvant treatment except for the hormonal therapy and this was as ‘basal assessment.’ The second survey was done 6 to 12 months after the basal surveys during their routine policlinic controls. The last survey was done within the last 18 to 24 months of the follow-up period. Results: The effect of marital status, number of pregnancies, residence in the village or city, hemoglobin levels, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for any other reason except for breast cancer on the QoL could not be seen. Endocrine subscale scores were detected to be higher in patients aged >60 years than in younger ones. The other dimension scores were low in the elderly patient group. There was a statistically significant relationship between being >30 years old and improvement in the social well-being score (p=0.028). The functional well-being scores were found to be significantly higher in the patient group that had no comorbid disease (p=0.018). Endocrine subscale scores were statistically worse in patients who had psychiatric disease (p=0.057) but the general QoL data were similar with others. It was shown that all QoL scores for all dimensions had statistically significant changes (p<0.001) in terms of hormonal regimes. Conclusion: The diagnosis of breast cancer was found to be an independent factor that affects social well-being and social life in a negative way. We must give attention to complaints including complaints about sexual life and hormonal status in order to ensure compliance of patients with the required hormonal regimens. By the help of future research, we can improve the prognosis of this disease through increased treatment adherence and belief of patients.