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The Antimicrobial Behavior of Polyelectrolyte Chitosan-Styrene Maleic Anhydride Nano Composites
Eman A. Ali,Mohamed Eweis,Said Elkholy,Mohamed N. Ismail,Maher Elsabee 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.5
A new antimicrobial polyelectrolyte polymer was prepared based on chitosan and alternating styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer. The SMA was subjected to alkaline hydrolysis, followed by blending with chitosan and chitosan in the nano form which has been prepared by self-assembly technique with particle size 46±0.08 nm. The composition was investigated and characterized by spectral and, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. The nano polyelectrolyte complexes and composite were screened for their antimicrobial behavior and showed excellent antifungal as well as antibacterial efficacy against four bacterial and fungal strains. The hydrolyzed styrene maleic anhydride-nano-chitosan exhibited higher antimicrobial activity than the hydrolyzed styrene maleic anhydride-chitosan.
Eman Ali,Balaban Onur,Kocayiğit Havva,Süner Kezban Özmen,Cırdı Yaşar,Erdem Ali Fuat 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.44
Background: We assessed maternal and neonatal outcomes of critically ill pregnant and puerperal patients in the clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Records of pregnant and puerperal women with polymerase chain reaction positive COVID-19 virus who were admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) from March 2020 to August 2021 were investigated. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data, pharmacotherapy, and neonatal outcomes were analyzed. These outcomes were compared between patients that were discharged from ICU and patients who died in ICU. Results: Nineteen women were included in this study. Additional oxygen was required in all cases (100%). Eight patients (42%) were intubated and mechanically ventilated. All patients that were mechanically ventilated have died. Increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) was seen in all patients (100%). D-dimer values increased in 15 patients (78.9%); interleukin-6 (IL-6) increased in 16 cases (84.2%). Sixteen patients used antiviral drugs. Eleven patients were discharged from the ICU and eight patients have died due to complications of COVID-19 showing an ICU mortality rate of 42.1%. Mean number of hospitalized days in ICU was significantly lower in patients that were discharged (P = 0.037). Seventeen patients underwent cesarean-section (C/S) (89.4%). Mean birth week was significantly lower in patients who died in ICU (P = 0.024). Eleven preterm (57.8%) and eight term deliveries (42.1%) occurred. Conclusion: High mortality rate was detected among critically ill pregnant/parturient patients followed in the ICU. Main predictors of mortality were the need of invasive mechanical ventilation and higher number of days hospitalized in ICU. Rate of C/S operations and preterm delivery were high. Pleasingly, the rate of neonatal death was low and no neonatal COVID-19 occurred.
Areej Ali Alkhaldy,Nour Kamal Rizq,Sarah Adel Jaylan,Eman Ali Alkendi,Wijdan Mohammed Alghamdi,Sara Mohammed Alfaraidi 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.24 No.4
Insulin resistance is a major contributor to the development of several chronic metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is an increasing health concern in Saudi Arabia. Diet and physical activity have been postulated to affect insulin resistance; however, their effects on development of insulin resistance in young overweight Saudi females have not been explored. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate whether diet and physical inactivity increases the risk of insulin resistance in young overweight Saudi females. In a cross-sectional study, 42 overweight female Saudi students, aged between 20 and 30 years, were recruited from King Abdul-Aziz University. A questionnaire was used to collect demographics, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, and food frequency data. Blood biomarkers (lipid profile, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin) were measured. Insulin resistance was assessed using homeostasis model assessment 2 (HOMA2)-insulin resistance (IR) scores. A significant difference in median body mass index (BMI) was observed between the HOMA2-IR normal and HOMA2-IR raised index groups (P=0.04). In terms of dietary habits, the insulin resistant group had a higher intake of canned beverages compared with the normal group (P=0.03). No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, or body fat percentage. The lipid profile also did not significantly differ between the two groups. This study demonstrates significant differences in HOMA2-IR-defined insulin resistance according to subjects’ BMI and canned beverage intake. A larger study is needed to confirm these associations.
Elmustafa S.Ali Ahmed,Bakhita El.Sheikh Ali,Eman Omer Osman,Tagwa Amin M. Ahmed 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.2
Wireless systems continue to rapidly gain popularity. This fact is extremely true for data networks in the local and personal areas. Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocols have a critical role in making a typical Mobile ad hoc network and Personal ad hoc network more reliable and efficient. Choice of MAC layer protocol and other factors including number of nodes, mobility, traffic rate and playground size dictates the performance of a particular WLAN and WPAN. The aim of this paper is to analysis the performance of mobility models in IEEE802.11 MAC and IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee MAC using NS2.34.These mobility models are RPGM, RWM, Freeway mobility and city section mobility model. Then extraction of the simulation results based on the performance metrics to calculate a Packet Delivery Ratio, data loss, end-to-end delay and Throughput.
An Efficient Maintenance Plan Using Proposed Framework of RCM Made Simple Approach
Eman K. Abd Elhalim,Ragab K. Abdel-Magied,Islam H. Afefy,Mohamed F. Aly 대한산업공학회 2019 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.18 No.2
Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) is an effective maintenance strategy and a powerful tool for industrial system enhancement. In this paper, a Framework of RCM is proposed. RCM Made Simple approach is adopted instead of classical RCM to overcome its complexity. A comprehensive analysis is carried out using the proposed Framework which generates a maintenance plane for industrial systems. This analysis is applied on a real case study. The results revealed which component could be critical, potentially critical, commitment, or run to failure. Moreover, it presented the function of each component, failure modes, failure effects and its consequence on the system, failure causes, PM task required, PM frequency for each task, and how to prevent each failure cause. The Framework that proposed in this paper could be adopted as a simple approach to enhance the Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) of the industrial systems.
Ali Hamdan,Hassan Khozyem,Eman Elbadry 대한자원환경지질학회 2021 자원환경지질 Vol.54 No.3
The relationship of both heavy metals and major elements in soil, plants, and groundwater was studied in a hyper-arid area and depends completely on the groundwater to cover its all needs. The study reviles that 27.3% of the studied groundwater was strongly acidic and has very low pH values (<pH 5.5). The groundwater has a serious corrosion effect on the metallic infrastructure, a negative effect on the plant growth rate, and an increase in soil degradation and acidity. The distribution of both heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) and major elements (Ca, Mg, Na, and K) in groundwater, soil, and Alfalfa plants are identical. The high concentration of elements in groundwater impacted both plants and soil. In general, not all the studied groundwater is suitable for irrigation or day-life uses; therefore, a pre-use treatment is necessary for most of the studied sites.
Anti-cancer Effect of Hyoscyamus muticus Extract via Its Activation of Fas/FasL-ASK1-p38 Pathway
Amer Ali Abd El-Hafeez,Hala Mohamed M. Marzouk,Mohamed A. A. Abdelhamid,Hazim O. Khalifa,Tamer H. A. Hasanin,Ahmed G. K. Habib,Fatma Mahmoud Abdelwahed,Fatma M. Barakat,Eslam M. Bastawy,Eman M. B. Abd 한국생물공학회 2022 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.27 No.5
Hyoscyamus muticus L. is a traditional medicine used as antispasmodic and sedative. Herein, we aimed to determine the phytochemical constituents and for the first time its anti-cancer activities. The phytochemical constituents of the different extracts were evaluated by calorimetric methods. The anti-cancer activities of the extracts were tested against leukemia, breast, renal, and prostate cancers cell lines. 4, 6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, flow cytometric analysis, knockdown of ASK1, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were evaluated to clarify the mechanism of action. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of wide range of phytoconstituents. Hyoscyamus muticus methanolic extracts (HMME) showed the highest anti-cancer activities against leukemia, breast, renal, and prostate cancers as compared to ethanol and aqueous extracts. Specifically, HMME exerted cytotoxic effect against the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines with IC50 values of 8.75 and 7.25 μg/mL, respectively. Mechanistically, DAPI staining and flow cytometric analysis revealed that HMME induces apoptosis via the death receptor, FAS, but not the mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, ASK1 and p38 were rapidly activated in response to HMME, and knockdown of ASK1 by a small interference of RNA specific to Ask1 attenuated p38 and caspase-3 activation and suppressed apoptosis, implying that HMME-induced apoptosis relies on the ASK1-p38-caspase-3 pathway. Furthermore, we confirmed that cellular ROS generation was a critical mediator in HMME-induced apoptosis because the ROSscavenger N-acetyl cysteine significantly decreased the phosphorylation of ASK1 and HMME-induced apoptosis. Our results confirmed HMME cytotoxic effects in TNBCs via ROS-dependent activation of the Fas/FasL-ASK1-p38 axis.
New Route for the Synthesis of 3-Anilino-4-Aryl-Hydrazono-1-Phenyl-2-Pyrazolin-5-Ones
Etman, Hassan-Ali,Sadek, Eman-Galal,Metwally, Mohamed-Abbas The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 1994 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.17 No.1
A convenient route was reported for the synthesis of 3-anilino-4-arylazo-1-phenyl 1-2-pyrazolin-5-ones to improve their yields. The structures of the obtained products were supported by spctral data.
Abo-Amer Aly E.,Gad El-Rab Sanaa M. F.,Halawani Eman M.,Niaz Ameen M.,Bamaga Mohammed S. 한국미생물·생명공학회 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.12
Staphylococcus aureus is a cause of high mortality in humans and therefore it is necessary to prevent its transmission and reduce infections. Our goals in this research were to investigate the frequency of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in Taif, Saudi Arabia, and assess the relationship between the phenotypic antimicrobial sensitivity patterns and the genes responsible for resistance. In addition, we examined the antimicrobial efficiency and application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against MRSA isolates. Seventy-two nasal swabs were taken from patients; MRSA was cultivated on Mannitol Salt Agar supplemented with methicillin, and 16S rRNA sequencing was conducted in addition to morphological and biochemical identification. Specific resistance genes such as ermAC, aacA-aphD, tetKM, vatABC and mecA were PCR-amplified and resistance plasmids were also investigated. The MRSA incidence was ~49 % among the 72 S. aureus isolates and all MRSA strains were resistant to oxacillin, penicillin, and cefoxitin. However, vancomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, mupirocin, and rifampicin were effective against 100% of MRSA strains. About 61% of MRSA strains exhibited multidrug resistance and were resistant to 3-12 antimicrobial medications (MDR). Methicillin resistance gene mecA was presented in all MDR-MRSA strains. Most MDR-MRSA contained a plasmid of > 10 kb. To overcome bacterial resistance, AgNPs were applied and displayed high antimicrobial activity and synergistic effect with penicillin. Our findings may help establish programs to control bacterial spread in communities as AgNPs appeared to exert a synergistic effect with penicillin to control bacterial resistance.