Influence of Deposition Parameters on the Structure and Optical Property of Zn(S,O) Films

Du-Cheng Tsai,Bing-Hau Kuo,Zue-Chin Chang,Erh-Chiang Chen,Fuh-Sheng Shieu 대한금속·재료학회 2017 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.23 No.1

This paper presents the influence of process parameters, including sputtering power, oxygen partial pressure (RO), and substrate temperature on the optical property of Zn(S,O) thin films fabricated by radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology and deposited on glass substrates. The chemical composition, structural and optical properties of the samples were investigated by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, and spectrophotometer. All the films mainly exhibited β-ZnS phase with (111) preferred orientation. [S]/([S]+[O]) ratio increased at high sputtering power, low RO, and low substrate temperature. Moderate ranges in sputtering power and substrate temperature and low RO resulted in large grain size. Adatoms are expected to exhibit increased mobility under these conditions. Average transmittance exceeded 75% in the visible wavelength region. Bandgap under these conditions was dominated strongly by the change in grain size and [S]/([S]+[O]) ratio. Optical properties of Zn(S,O) thin films could be modified, which is promising for optoelectronic applications.

Suspension design and posture control for a novel by-wire chassis based on integrated electric wheel module

Qiuyue Du,Song Chen,Shuo Cheng,Fengshan Du,Liang Li,Quantong Li,Limei Zhang 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.6

The integrated electric wheel module (IEWM) with large-angle steering capability is blooming which greatly alters the conventional chassis structure over recent years. The IEWM brings challenges to the suspension system due to higher requirements, which includes 360 degrees steering, active adjustment of chassis height and posture, superior ride comfort, and compact mechanical structure. Hence, a novel double trailing arm suspension mechanical system for the aforementioned IEWM and its control strategy are studied to get better driving maneuverability, ride comfort, driving safety, and posture stability of automobiles in this paper. The 6 degree of freedom (DOF) roll model of active suspension vibration with seats and multiobjective optimization controller are constructed for vehicle posture active control to solve the difficult trade-off between suspension dynamic deflection, roll angle, and seat vertical acceleration. The controller weight coefficients are optimized by an improved genetic algorithm (IGA) method, and the fitness function in piecewise form is adopted to reduce the search range. The simulation analysis shows that the combination of IGA and a multi-objective controller can defuse the conflict of goals between different suspension performance evaluation indexes, which also improves the overall suspension performances compared with the experience adjustment method and passive suspension system. In detail, this simple optimization control strategy can reduce the vertical acceleration root mean square value (RMSV) of the left and right seat by 45 % and 11 %, respectively; the left and right tire dynamic load decreased by 13 % and 2 %, respectively; and 25 % reduction in roll angle. These performance improvements only sacrifice part of suspension dynamic deflection RMSV increase, but do not affect driving safety.

A Study on Corporate Social Responsibility(CSR) in China

두성림 ( Cheng-lin Du ),장석인 ( Sug-in Chang ),이상은 ( Sang-eun Lee ) 사회혁신기업연구원 2021 혁신기업연구 Vol.6 No.2

2001년 중국은 세계무역기구(WTO) 가입 후, 세계 경제 활동에 적극적으로 참여하면서 중국 기업의 해외시장 진출은 더욱 가속화되고 있다. 따라서 오늘날 중국에서 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)은 현지 기업뿐만 아니라 글로벌 기업에서도 중요한 이슈로 인식되고 있다. 중국 국유기업은 대부분 정부 주도의 CSR 원칙에 따라 사회적 책임(Social Responsibility)을 수행하였다. 세계적 글로벌기업은 국제적인 비정부 기구(NGO)가 제시한 포괄적 CSR 가이드라인을 따르고 있지만, 중국의 국유기업은 대부분 중국 정부가 제정한 CSR 원칙에 따르고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)에 대한 전반적인 개념을 분석하고자 한다. 둘째, 중국 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)에 대한 발전과정을 검토보고자 한다. 셋째, 중국기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)의 규범동향과 구성 내용을 분석하고, 나아가서 중국 CSR과 글로벌 CSR에 대한 비교 분석하고자 한다. 넷째, 본 연구의 결과와 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. Since China joined the World Trade Organization(WTO) in 2001, China has been actively participating in global economic activities, accelerating Chinese companies' entry into overseas markets. Therefore, in China today, corporate social responsibility(CSR) is recognized as an important issue not only for local companies but also for global companies. Most of the state-owned enterprises in China have implemented Social Responsibility in accordance with the government-led CSR principles. While global global enterprises follow comprehensive CSR guidelines presented by international non-governmental organizations(NGOs), most state-owned enterprises in China follow the CSR principles established by the Chinese government. The purpose of this study is to first analyze the overall concept of corporate social responsibility(CSR). Second, I would like to review the development process of Chinese corporate social responsibility(CSR). Third, we will analyze the normative trends and composition of Chinese corporate social responsibility(CSR), and furthermore, compare and analyze Chinese CSR and global CSR. Fourth, we would like to present the results and implications of this study.

Functional study of Villin 2 protein expressed in Longissimus dorsi muscle of Korean native cattle in different growth stages

( Yong Cheng Jin ),( Jeng A Han ),( Cheng Xiong Xu ),( Sang Kee Kang ),( Sang Hun Kim ),( Kang Suk Seo ),( Du Hak Yoon ),( Yun Jaie Choi ),( Hong Gu Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2012 BMB Reports Vol.45 No.2

The aim of this study was to investigate protein profiles related to the induction of adipogenesis within the bovine longissimus dorsi muscle (BLDM) by proteomic analysis. We analyzed BLDM proteins at different growth stages to clarify the physiological mechanisms of marbled muscle development in 20 head of Korean native cattle (11 month: 10 head, 17 month: 10 head). BLDM proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and image analysis. Villin 2 was specifically identified by mass spectrometry and a protein search engine. Villin 2 protein expression in BLDM decreased during the fat development stage in test steers. In a Western blot cell culture study of spontaneously immortal bovine muscle fibroblasts, the abundance of Villin 2 was shown to be down-regulated during differentiation into muscle. In 3T3-L1 mouse embryonic fibroblasts, Villin 2 was decreased during differentiation into adipocytes. The results suggest that Villin 2 may be related to the induction of transdifferentiation and adipogenesis in bovine longissimus dorsi muscle. [BMB reports 2012; 45(2): 102-107].

해외 사회적 협동조합 사례연구 -이탈리아, 캐나다 및 프랑스-

두성림 ( Cheng-lin Du ),장석인 ( Sug-in Chang ),진재근 ( Jae-keun Jin ),이남겸 ( Nam-gyum Lee ) 산업진흥원 2020 산업진흥연구 Vol.5 No.1

사회적 협동조합의 공공 이익 사명으로 공공의 이익을 생산하는 제품과 서비스를 통해 직접 수행된다는 경제적·사회적 목적 실현을 위해서 긍정적으로 노력하고 있는 사회적 협동조합이 꾸준히 확대되고 있다. 본 연구는 사회적 협동조합의 국제 현황, 국제 사례를 살펴보고, 선진국 사례를 중심으로 문제점과 대안을 제시한다. 지속가능한 경제 성장을 위하여 필요한 문제를 해결해야하면서도 사회에서 요구하는 점에 대한 해결책을 모색하고자 하였다. 이러한 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 이탈리아, 캐나다, 프랑스 등의 선진국 사회적 협동조합 현황을 정리하고 비교·분석하였다. 연구 결과 이탈리아, 프랑스, 캐나다의 협동조합이 주는 시사점으로는 첫째, 사회적 문제와 지역사회의 고용과 일자리 같은 현안에 협동조합의 원칙을 지켜야 하며 둘째, 협동조합의 초기 안정과 지속적인 성장을 위한 자금조달 제도를 검토하고 지원금융체제를 확립하여야 하고 셋째, 협동조합과 관련한 법제도와 협동조합을 지원하고 육성할 수 있는 네트워크 조직의 육성 등 협동조합의 생태계가 조성되어야 하는 것이다. Social co-operatives, which are working positively to realize the economic and social purpose of being carried out directly through products and services producing the public interest, are steadily expanding under the public interest mission of social co-operatives. It has important theoretical and practical significance to study the model of social co-operatives tailored to the local situation in Korea based on international experience. This study looks at the international status of social co-operatives, international cases, and puts forward problems and suggestions centering on cases of advanced countries. It sought to find a solution to what society required only by solving the problems necessary for sustainable economic growth. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, the social cooperatives of advanced countries, such as Italy, Canada, and France, were organized, compared and analyzed. The study found that the implications of co-operatives in Italy, France and Canada are as follows. First, it is needed to adhere to the principles of co-operatives in pending issues such as social problems and employment and jobs in the community. Second, it is necessary to establish a supportive financial system for the cooperative’s initial stability and sustainability. Third, the ecosystem of co-operatives should be formed to support and foster legal systems and network organizations.

사회적 협동조합의 특성과 지속가능성에 관한 연구

두성림 ( Cheng-lin Du ),장석인 ( Sug-in Chang ),배성필 ( Sung-pil Bae ),최호규 ( Ho-gyu Choi ) 산업진흥원 2020 산업진흥연구 Vol.5 No.1

한국의 사회적 협동조합은 2012년에 법으로 제정되었다. 하지만, 아직까지도 정착되는 과정에 있으며 제도적으로나 개념적으로 확립되지 못한 부분이 있어 사회적 협동조합이 실패하는 경우가 많다. 이러한 실패를 좀 더 줄이고자 본 연구는 협동 조합과 사회적 협동조합의 차이점과 특성, 개념을 파악하여 한국의 사회적 협동조합에 도움을 주는데 목적이 있다. 문헌연구를 바탕으로 나타난 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 국내의 사회적 협동조합이 지속가능하기 위해서는 협동조합의 7원칙을 준수해야 한다. 특히, 제6원칙에서 사회적 협동조합의 연합회를 활성화하고 지역의 협동조합 간 소통을 통해서 경영지원 정보와 교육, 홍보, 전략 등을 공유함으로써 실패하는 확률을 낮춰야 할 필요성이 있다. 둘째, 사회적 협동조합의 판로지원을 위해 정부차원뿐만 아니라 일반기업에게도 적용될 수 있는 방안이 필요하다. 셋째, 사회적 협동조합의 활성화를 위해 정부와 민간의 관련정책이 통합적으로 설계되고 관리되어야 한다. 넷째, 사회적 인식개선을 위해 사회적 협동조합의 의미가 공익에 목적이 있음을 알리는 캠페인을 통해서 대중에게 홍보를 해야 하며, 정부는 사회적 협동조합을 육성할 수 있는 정책전문가 육성 시스템을 구축하는 것이 반드시 필요하다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해서 한국의 사회적 협동조합의 지속가능한 방법과 정부의 지원책 등을 제시함으로써 사회적 협동조합에게는 내부적인 방법을 제시하고 정부에게는 지원책에 관한 것을 제시하였다는데 큰 의미가 있다. Korea’s social cooperatives were enacted by law in December 2012. However, it is in the process of being settled and has not been established institutionally. So social cooperatives are failing. The purpose of this study is to reduce these failures. To this end, this study distinguished between co-operatives and social co-operatives. Also, the characteristics and concepts were identified. That is why we want to help our social cooperatives in Korea. The results based on the literature research are as follows. First, in order for domestic social co-operatives to be sustainable, the seven principles of co-operatives must be observed. In particular, the sixth principle is important. It is important to form a social cooperative association and to communicate with local cooperatives. Their communication is less likely to fail because they can share management support information, education, promotion, and strategies. Second, there is a need for a plan that can be applied not only to the government but also to general enterprises in order to support social co-operatives. Third, related policies of the government and the private sector should be designed and managed in an integrated manner to promote social cooperatives. Fourth, public relations should be promoted through campaigns to inform the public that the meaning of social cooperatives is for the public good. In addition, the government needs to build a program that fosters professionals who can foster social co-operatives. In conclusion, it is meaningful that this study suggests possible ways to develop social co-operatives in Korea, and provides support to the Korean government.

Aggregation behavior analysis of hydrate particles in the bend pipe based on the population balance model

Cheng Yu,Lin Wang,Chuanjun Han,Jiaqiang Jing,Yuxing Li,Wuchang Wang,Mingjun Du,Xincan Song,Longyao Zhang 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.7

The hydrate particle aggregation is crucial for the flow safety of oil and gas pipelines. In this paper, coupled with the Eulerian-Eulerian model, k-ε turbulence model and the population balance model considering the hydrate aggregation and breakage, the hydrate aggregation process is studied in the bend, and the change of the average particle size under different hydrate volume fractions is discussed. The results show that the hydrate aggregation process includes two stages in the bend, namely the rapid growth and the dynamic equilibrium. In the rapid growth stage, both the hydrate concentration and particle size in the elbow increase rapidly, and the high concentration and large particle size regions on the inside of the elbow also increase significantly. Furthermore, two types of aggregates are formed on the inside of the elbow. One is a small amount of large-particle aggregates, while the other is the relatively high concentration of medium-size aggregates. Besides, the uniform suspension with a smaller concentration and particle size is distributed on the outside of the elbow, but there are also large-size particles that aggregate and adhere near the wall of pipe. As the hydrate volume fraction increases, the hydrate average particle size increases. High concentration hydrate reaches dynamic equilibrium faster during the flow process.

Personal Safety in Electromagnetic Environment of Electric Vehicle

Cheng Qiang,Du Zhong-min 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.6

With the extensive application of automotive electrical and electronic equipment, issues of electromagnetic radiation and electromagnetic compatibility have become increasingly prominent, human body in complex automotive electromagnetic environment is bound to be some damage of electromagnetic radiation. This paper established a relatively sophisticated car simulation model,through electromagnetic characteristics of antenna model, we got automotive electric field distribution and simulation results of human body SAR value, so conclusion can be drawn that automotive electromagnetic environment is relatively safe to passengers.

Synergistic Immunostimulating Activity of Pidotimod and Red Ginseng Acidic Polysaccharide against Cyclophosphamide-induced Immunosuppression

Du, Xiao Fei,Jiang, Cheng Zhe,Wu, Chun Fu,Won, Eun-Kyung,Choung, Se-Young 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.9

We investigated the synergistic effect of combined treatment with red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP) from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer and pidotimod in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. The combination of pidotimod and RGAP restored concanavalin A-induced splenic T cell proliferation and LPS-stimulated B cell proliferation significantly. The production of nitric oxide from peritoneal macrophages was increased by the combinations. NK cell activity was increased by RGAP alone or in combination with pidotimod. A synergistic increase in the level of serum IL-12 and interferongamm was observed when the combination of the two was used. RGAP alone or in combination with pidotimod modulated the level of serum C-reactive protein to a near-normal level. These results indicate that combinations of pidotimod and RGAP are synergistic and suggest that combination therapy using pidotimod and RGAP for improving immune activity may provide an additional benefit over the use of the two drugs by themselves.

Factors Potentially Associated with Chemotherapy-induced Anemia in Patients with Solid Cancers

Cheng, Ke,Zhao, Feng,Gao, Feng,Dong, Hang,Men, Hai-Tao,Chen, Ye,Li, Long-Hao,Ge, Jun,Tang, Jie,Ding, Jing,Chen, Xin,Du, Yang,Luo, Wu-Xia,Liu, Ji-Yan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.10

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) is one of the most important causes of anemia in cancer patients. This study was conducted to describe the prevalence and characteristics of CIA in solid cancer patients in the Chinese population, and to explore the relationship of white blood cell (WBC) or platelet decrease with CIA. Methods: Data on age, gender, tumor diagnosis, anti-cancer treatment and blood cell analyses were available from 220 untreated non-anemic cancer patients who received at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy, and the data were analyzed to assess their relationship with CIA or its severity. Results: 139 patients (63.2%) presented anemia, most being Grade 1 or 2. Esophageal and lung cancers were associated with a high prevalence. G3/4 leucopenia and decrease of platelets were identified as independent risk factors for the occurrence of CIA. Moreover, G3/4 leucopenia, decrease of platelet and G3/4 thrombocytopenia were found to be also associated with the severity of CIA. Cisplatin-containing regimens were a main potential factor in causing CIA, although significant association was only found on univariate analysis. Conclusion: Anemia or decrease in hematoglobin are common in Chinese cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Cisplatin-containing regimens might be an important factor influencing the occurrence of CIA. Our analysis firstly described some risk factors, such as decrease of platelets or WBCs, severity of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia, associated with the occurrence and severity of CIA.